14891( 8) - 13-Apr-2017 23:36:50 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 14891 Version: 8 Check-in Time: 13-Apr-2017 23:36:50 STScI Edit Number: 1 Title Confirming the ice plumes of Europa ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle GO 24 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Dr. William B. Sparks Space Telescope Science Institute Y CoI: Dr. Kevin P. Hand Jet Propulsion Laboratory N CoI: Mr. Louis Bergeron Space Telescope Science Institute N CoI: Dr. Susana E. Deustua Space Telescope Science Institute N CoI: Dr. Melissa A. McGrath SETI Institute N CoI: Ms. Misty Cracraft Space Telescope Science Institute N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract The presence of plumes of water ice venting from the icy surface of Europa is of tremendous interest to the scientific community, NASA and the general public, as it offers the prospect of access to material that was once in Europa's ocean without the need to drill through many miles of ice. We secured three observations, from a sample of ten, showing plume candidates, using FUV HST imaging of Europa as it transits the smooth face of Jupiter (Sparks et al., 2016). Crucially, the most accurately localized candidate, which is also the candidate of highest statistical significance, appears to repeat in recent unpublished 2016 data. We propose to acquire additional transit images in order to assess the repeatability of this event, determine a timescale for activity, and to aid in quantifying the column density and mass required. The data will provide additional opportunities to isolate new plume candidates and further characterize the persistent absorption around the southern limb of Europa. We propose a campaign to image Europa in transit against Jupiter close to the April 2017 opposition, in order to maximize spatial resolution, sensitivity, and time sampling. These measurements have the potential to profoundly influence a topic of fundamental scientific importance and of great strategic interest to NASA. If the ice plumes of Europa arise from the deep ocean, we have gained access to probably the most astrobiologically interesting location in the Solar System. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Observations Description ------------------------ We will use the high resolution TIME-TAG FUV imaging mode of STIS, to obtain six images of Europa in transit against the face of Jupiter, close to opposition in order to maximize spatial resolution, sensitivity. We will use the F25SRF2 filter and drift the image of Europa across the detector using moving target specifications to Level 3. Each image is a single visit, of maximum duration permitted by the orbit. We will avoid opposition itself in order that the shadow of Europa on Jupiter does not interfere with the observation. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14891( 8) - 13-Apr-2017 23:36:50 - [ 2] TARGET LIST Solar System Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 1 TARGET NAME: EUROPA-TRANSIT-1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: SATELLITE Satellite Europa ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 STD=JUPITER STD=EUROPA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 WINDOWS TYPE=POS_ANGLE, RAD=6.5, ANG=53.0, REF=NORTH, R_RAD=-51., TRANSIT OF EUROPA ACROSS JUPITER FROM EARTH, R_ANG=0, EPOCH=12-MAR-2017:15:45:30, EpochTimeScale=UTC SEP OF EUROPA JUPITER FROM EARTH LT -5" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ DATA COMMENTS V = 5.3 +/- 0.5 Ephemeris Center: EARTH MOSS Show Windows: true ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 2 TARGET NAME: EUROPA-TRANSIT-2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: SATELLITE Satellite Europa ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 STD=JUPITER STD=EUROPA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 WINDOWS TRANSIT OF EUROPA ACROSS JUPITER FROM EARTH, SEP OF EUROPA JUPITER FROM EARTH LT -5" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ DATA COMMENTS V = 5.3 +/- 0.5 Ephemeris Center: EARTH MOSS Show Windows: true ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14891( 8) - 13-Apr-2017 23:36:50 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Solar System Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 7 TARGET NAME: EUROPA-TRANSIT-22 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: SATELLITE Satellite Europa ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 STD=JUPITER STD=EUROPA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 WINDOWS TYPE=POS_ANGLE, RAD=6.5, ANG=240.6, REF=NORTH, TRANSIT OF EUROPA ACROSS JUPITER FROM EARTH, R_RAD=-51.0, R_ANG=0, EPOCH=17-APR-2017:02:12:20, SEP OF EUROPA JUPITER FROM EARTH LT -5" EpochTimeScale=UTC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ DATA COMMENTS V = 5.3 +/- 0.5 Ephemeris Center: EARTH MOSS Show Windows: true ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 3 TARGET NAME: EUROPA-TRANSIT-3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: SATELLITE Satellite Europa ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 STD=JUPITER STD=EUROPA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 WINDOWS TYPE=POS_ANGLE, RAD=5.5, ANG=263.7, REF=NORTH, TRANSIT OF EUROPA ACROSS JUPITER FROM EARTH, R_RAD=-51.0, R_ANG=0.0, EPOCH=10-APR-2017:00:06:30, SEP OF EUROPA JUPITER FROM EARTH LT -5" EpochTimeScale=UTC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ DATA COMMENTS V = 5.3 +/- 0.5 Ephemeris Center: EARTH MOSS Show Windows: true ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14891( 8) - 13-Apr-2017 23:36:50 - [ 4] TARGET LIST Solar System Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 4 TARGET NAME: EUROPA-TRANSIT-4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: SATELLITE Satellite Europa ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 STD=JUPITER STD=EUROPA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 WINDOWS TYPE=POS_ANGLE, RAD=6.5, ANG=41.0, REF=NORTH, TRANSIT OF EUROPA ACROSS JUPITER FROM EARTH, R_RAD=-51.0, R_ANG=0.0, EPOCH=30-MAR-2017:09:45:35, SEP OF EUROPA JUPITER FROM EARTH LT -5" EpochTimeScale=UTC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ DATA COMMENTS V = 5.3 +/- 0.5 Ephemeris Center: EARTH MOSS Show Windows: true ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 5 TARGET NAME: EUROPA-TRANSIT-5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: SATELLITE Satellite Europa ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 STD=JUPITER STD=EUROPA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 WINDOWS TYPE=POS_ANGLE, RAD=6.5, ANG=235.0, REF=NORTH, TRANSIT OF EUROPA ACROSS JUPITER FROM EARTH, R_RAD=-51.0, R_ANG=0.0, EPOCH=20-APR-2017:16:02:55, SEP OF EUROPA JUPITER FROM EARTH LT -5" EpochTimeScale=UTC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ DATA COMMENTS V = 5.3 +/- 0.5 Ephemeris Center: EARTH MOSS Show Windows: true ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14891( 8) - 13-Apr-2017 23:36:50 - [ 5] TARGET LIST Solar System Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 6 TARGET NAME: EUROPA-TRANSIT-6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: SATELLITE Satellite Europa ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 STD=JUPITER STD=EUROPA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 WINDOWS TYPE=POS_ANGLE, RAD=6.5, ANG=259.1, REF=NORTH, TRANSIT OF EUROPA ACROSS JUPITER FROM EARTH, R_RAD=-51.0, R_ANG=0.0, EPOCH=27-APR-2017:18:06:20, SEP OF EUROPA JUPITER FROM EARTH LT -5" EpochTimeScale=UTC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ DATA COMMENTS V = 5.3 +/- 0.5 Ephemeris Center: EARTH MOSS Show Windows: true ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14891( 8) - 13-Apr-2017 23:36:50 - [ 6] Visit: 01 Visit Requirements: BETWEEN 11-MAR-2017:00:00:00 AND 13-MAR-2017:00:00:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 EUROPA-TRAN STIS/FUV TIME-TA F25SRF2 MIRROR BUFFER-TIME=99 1 2650 S SIT-1 -MAMA G (2650 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EUROPA-TRANSIT-1 1 STIS/FUV TIME-TA F25SRF2 MIRROR none none none none 1 N/A -MAMA G 14891( 8) - 13-Apr-2017 23:36:50 - [ 7] Visit: 02 Visit Requirements: SCHED 90%; BETWEEN 07-MAR-2017:00:00:00 AND 05-APR-2017:10:00:00; BETWEEN 10-APR-2017:12:00:00 AND 07-MAY-2017:00:00:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 EUROPA-TRAN STIS/FUV TIME-TA F25SRF2 MIRROR BUFFER-TIME=99 1 2700 S SIT-2 -MAMA G see below (2501 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EUROPA-TRANSIT-2 1 STIS/FUV TIME-TA F25SRF2 MIRROR none none none none 1 2501.0 S -MAMA G 14891( 8) - 13-Apr-2017 23:36:50 - [ 8] Visit: 03 Visit Requirements: SCHED 90%; BETWEEN 09-APR-2017:00:00:00 AND 12-APR-2017:00:00:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 EUROPA-TRAN STIS/FUV TIME-TA F25SRF2 MIRROR BUFFER-TIME=99 1 2700 S SIT-3 -MAMA G see below (2501 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EUROPA-TRANSIT-3 1 STIS/FUV TIME-TA F25SRF2 MIRROR none none none none 1 2501.0 S -MAMA G 14891( 8) - 13-Apr-2017 23:36:50 - [ 9] Visit: 04 Visit Requirements: SCHED 90%; BETWEEN 29-MAR-2017:00:00:00 AND 31-MAR-2017:00:00:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 EUROPA-TRAN STIS/FUV TIME-TA F25SRF2 MIRROR BUFFER-TIME=99 1 2700 S SIT-4 -MAMA G see below (2501 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EUROPA-TRANSIT-4 1 STIS/FUV TIME-TA F25SRF2 MIRROR none none none none 1 2501.0 S -MAMA G 14891( 8) - 13-Apr-2017 23:36:50 - [ 10] Visit: 05 Visit Requirements: SCHED 90%; BETWEEN 19-APR-2017:00:00:00 AND 21-APR-2017:00:00:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 EUROPA-TRAN STIS/FUV TIME-TA F25SRF2 MIRROR BUFFER-TIME=99 1 2700 S SIT-5 -MAMA G see below (2501 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EUROPA-TRANSIT-5 1 STIS/FUV TIME-TA F25SRF2 MIRROR none none none none 1 2501.0 S -MAMA G 14891( 8) - 13-Apr-2017 23:36:50 - [ 11] Visit: 06 Visit Requirements: SCHED 90%; BETWEEN 26-APR-2017:00:00:00 AND 28-APR-2017:00:00:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 EUROPA-TRAN STIS/FUV TIME-TA F25SRF2 MIRROR BUFFER-TIME=99 1 2700 S SIT-6 -MAMA G see below (2501 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EUROPA-TRANSIT-6 1 STIS/FUV TIME-TA F25SRF2 MIRROR none none none none 1 2501.0 S -MAMA G 14891( 8) - 13-Apr-2017 23:36:50 - [ 12] Visit: 22 Visit Requirements: SCHED 90%; BETWEEN 07-MAR-2017:00:00:00 AND 05-APR-2017:10:00:00; BETWEEN 10-APR-2017:12:00:00 AND 07-MAY-2017:00:00:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 EUROPA-TRAN STIS/FUV TIME-TA F25SRF2 MIRROR BUFFER-TIME=99 1 2700 S SIT-22 -MAMA G see below (2501 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EUROPA-TRANSIT-22 1 STIS/FUV TIME-TA F25SRF2 MIRROR none none none none 1 2501.0 S -MAMA G 14891( 8) - 13-Apr-2017 23:36:50 - [ 13] Summary Form for Proposal 14891 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures F25SRF2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations STIS/FUV-MAMA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes TIME-TAG ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters BUFFER-TIME=99 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements BETWEEN 07-MAR-2017:00:00:00 AND 05-APR-2017:10:00:00, BETWEEN 09-APR-2017:00:00:00 AND 12-APR-2017:00:00:00, BETWEEN 10-APR-2017:12:00:00 AND 07-MAY-2017:00:00:00, BETWEEN 11-MAR-2017:00:00:00 AND 13-MAR-2017:00:00:00, BETWEEN 19-APR-2017:00:00:00 AND 21-APR-2017:00:00:00, BETWEEN 26-APR-2017:00:00:00 AND 28-APR-2017:00:00:00, BETWEEN 29-MAR-2017:00:00:00 AND 31-MAR-2017:00:00:00, SCHED 90% ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements MIRROR ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names EUROPA-TRANSIT-1, EUROPA-TRANSIT-2, EUROPA-TRANSIT-22, EUROPA-TRANSIT-3, EUROPA-TRANSIT-4, EUROPA-TRANSIT-5, EUROPA-TRANSIT-6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------