15463( 16) - 14-Dec-2018 15:20:42 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 15463 Version: 16 Check-in Time: 14-Dec-2018 15:20:42 STScI Edit Number: 5 Title Benchmark Multi-Wavelength Flare Spectra of M Dwarfs ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle GO 25 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Dr. Allison Youngblood NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Y CoI: Dr. Thomas Barclay University of Maryland Baltimore County N CoI: Dr. R. O. Parke Loyd Arizona State University N CoI: Dr. Elisa V Quintana NASA Goddard Space Flight Center N CoI: Dr. James R.A. Davenport University of Washington N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract We propose STIS G230L observations as part of multi-wavelength flare survey of two M dwarfs, including a host to a habitable-zone super-Earth, to determine the spectral response of the NUV during flares. An essential task on the journey to finding life beyond the solar system is to determine which places are suitable for life. While terrestrial planets orbiting M dwarfs are highly sought after, their habitability is in question owing to high activity levels and close-in habitable zones. We are undertaking a large multi-wavelength flare study of M dwarfs carried out primarily via broadband photometry using Swift, TESS and the JVLA. We are studying flares from dozens of M dwarfs spanning all combinations of mass and age. STIS can greatly enhance the scientific yield from this project by uncovering the underlying spectral energy distribution during simultaneous NUV and optical photometry and X-ray spectroscopy. We will uncover the typical spectral response during a flare in the broadband Swift UVM2 bandpass with a few strategic observations. Multi-wavelength observations of flares are few, yet are critically important for understanding the effect of space weather on exoplanets. These NUV flare observations will provide an essential puzzle piece in our comprehensive M dwarf survey. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Observations Description ------------------------ The two targets, nearby M dwarfs GJ 832 (HD 204961; M2 V) and GJ 1061 (M5.5 V), will be observed with STIS G230L 52"x0.2" slit in time-tag mode to observe NUV flares. These observations are scheduled within the 1-2 month window that the TESS spacecraft will be obtaining continuous red-optical photometry at 2-minute cadence of these stars. We have also been allocated Swift time for these targets, and the Swift observatory will trigger off of the HST observations. Swift will obtain NUV photometry in the UVM2 bandpass which closely follows the spectral range of STIS G230L. Our STIS G230L spectra are designed to measure the typical M dwarf spectral response in Swift's broadband UVM2 filter, for our upcoming Swift Key Project to observe 46 nearby M dwarfs simultaneously with TESS and Swift (and ~16 targets also with the VLA) to study M dwarf activity through time. Each target will have two visits (four visits total, each with 2-3 orbits) to maximize scheduling flexibility as this was strongly encouraged in 15463( 16) - 14-Dec-2018 15:20:42 - [ 2] correspondence with STScI. While the successful MUSCLES and ongoing Mega-MUSCLES Treasury Surveys have utilized 5 consecutive orbits for FUV flare studies, these surveys find that individual FUV flares have durations less than 90 minutes. Thus, each individual HST orbit is randomly sampling flares from the star. Exposure time calculations were carried out using known spectra for one target (GJ 832) and the spectrum of a spectral type match to the distance and radius for the second target (GJ 1061). The 52"x0.2" was selected to maximize S/N and absolute flux calibration accuracy. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 15463( 16) - 14-Dec-2018 15:20:42 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 HD-204961 STAR, EXTRA-SOLAR RA=21H33M33.9753S, J2000 V = 4.30 V = 8.672 PLANET, M V-IV DEC=-49D00'32.42" Reference Frame: ICRS Extended: NO Comments: This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) 2000 -0.004658394133435525 -0.816603876009252 0.2014 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 GJ-1061 STAR, M V-IV RA=03H35M59.6900S, J2000 V = -20 V = 13.07 DEC=-44D30'45.30" Reference Frame: ICRS Extended: NO Comments: This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) 2000 0.06967603147372574 -0.3736733483591148 0.2722 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 15463( 16) - 14-Dec-2018 15:20:42 - [ 4] Visit: 01 (3 orbits GJ 832) Visit Requirements: BETWEEN 27-JUL-2018:00:00:00 AND 08-AUG-2018:08:10:00; BETWEEN 09-AUG-2018:00:10:00 AND 22-AUG-2018:15:40:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Note that the TESS observing windows for this target are not finalized yet. TESS is undergoing some issues in its commissioning period, and we do not yet have definitive observing windows for this target. The ones implemented below are with our best working knowledge, but it will almost certainly change. Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 HD-204961 STIS/CCD ACQ F25ND3 MIRROR 1 1 S (1 S) Comments: Used MUSCLES HLSP for GJ 832 as input spectrum. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 HD-204961 STIS/NUV TIME-TA 52X2 G230L 2376 BUFFER-TIME=880. 1 2010 S -MAMA G (2010 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 HD-204961 STIS/NUV TIME-TA 52X2 G230L 2376 BUFFER-TIME=880. 1 2750 S -MAMA G (2750 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 HD-204961 STIS/NUV TIME-TA 52X2 G230L 2376 BUFFER-TIME=880. 1 2725 S -MAMA G (2725 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ HD-204961 1 STIS/CCD ACQ F25ND3 MIRROR none none none none 1 N/A HD-204961 2 STIS/NUV TIME-TA 52X2 G230L 2376 none none none none 1 N/A -MAMA G HD-204961 3 STIS/NUV TIME-TA 52X2 G230L 2376 none none none none 2 N/A -MAMA G HD-204961 4 STIS/NUV TIME-TA 52X2 G230L 2376 none none none none 3 N/A -MAMA G 15463( 16) - 14-Dec-2018 15:20:42 - [ 5] Visit: 02 (2 orbits GJ 832) Visit Requirements: BETWEEN 27-JUL-2018:00:00:00 AND 08-AUG-2018:08:10:00; BETWEEN 09-AUG-2018:00:10:00 AND 22-AUG-2018:15:40:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Note that the TESS observing windows for this target are not finalized yet. TESS is undergoing some issues in its commissioning period, and we do not yet have definitive observing windows for this target. The ones implemented below are with our best working knowledge, but it will almost certainly change. Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 HD-204961 STIS/CCD ACQ F25ND3 MIRROR 1 1 S (1 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 HD-204961 STIS/NUV TIME-TA 52X2 G230L 2376 BUFFER-TIME=880. 1 2010 S -MAMA G (2010 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 HD-204961 STIS/NUV TIME-TA 52X2 G230L 2376 BUFFER-TIME=880. 1 2750 S -MAMA G (2750 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ HD-204961 1 STIS/CCD ACQ F25ND3 MIRROR none none none none 1 N/A HD-204961 2 STIS/NUV TIME-TA 52X2 G230L 2376 none none none none 1 N/A -MAMA G HD-204961 3 STIS/NUV TIME-TA 52X2 G230L 2376 none none none none 2 N/A -MAMA G 15463( 16) - 14-Dec-2018 15:20:42 - [ 6] Visit: 03 (3 orbits GJ 1061) Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Final TESS windows Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 GJ-1061 STIS/CCD ACQ F25ND3 MIRROR 1 3 S (3 S) Comments: Previously used GJ 876 (d=4.7, R=0.38) MUSCLES HLSP spectrum scaled to radius and distance of GJ 1061 (d=3.69, R=0.16). Replaced with M5 V (2951 K) Pickles model normalized to V=13.07 (Vega) and with Mg II flux estimates around 2800 Angstroms. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 GJ-1061 STIS/NUV TIME-TA 52X2 G230L 2376 BUFFER-TIME=1000 1 1942 S -MAMA G see below (2300 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 GJ-1061 STIS/NUV TIME-TA 52X2 G230L 2376 BUFFER-TIME=1000 1 2682 S -MAMA G see below (3048 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 GJ-1061 STIS/NUV TIME-TA 52X2 G230L 2376 BUFFER-TIME=1000. 1 2657 S -MAMA G see below (3023 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ GJ-1061 1 STIS/CCD ACQ F25ND3 MIRROR none none none none 1 N/A GJ-1061 2 STIS/NUV TIME-TA 52X2 G230L 2376 none none none none 1 2300.0 S -MAMA G GJ-1061 3 STIS/NUV TIME-TA 52X2 G230L 2376 none none none none 2 3048.0 S -MAMA G GJ-1061 4 STIS/NUV TIME-TA 52X2 G230L 2376 none none none none 3 3023.0 S -MAMA G 15463( 16) - 14-Dec-2018 15:20:42 - [ 7] Visit: 04 (2 orbits GJ 1061) Visit Requirements: BETWEEN 24-SEP-2018:00:00:00 AND 04-OCT-2018:00:00:00; BETWEEN 06-OCT-2018:00:00:00 AND 18-OCT-2018:00:00:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Final TESS windows Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 GJ-1061 STIS/CCD ACQ F25ND3 MIRROR 1 1 S (1 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 GJ-1061 STIS/NUV TIME-TA 52X2 G230L 2376 BUFFER-TIME=1000. 1 1942 S -MAMA G (1942 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 GJ-1061 STIS/NUV TIME-TA 52X2 G230L 2376 BUFFER-TIME=1000. 1 2682 S -MAMA G (2682 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ GJ-1061 1 STIS/CCD ACQ F25ND3 MIRROR none none none none 1 N/A GJ-1061 2 STIS/NUV TIME-TA 52X2 G230L 2376 none none none none 1 N/A -MAMA G GJ-1061 3 STIS/NUV TIME-TA 52X2 G230L 2376 none none none none 2 N/A -MAMA G 15463( 16) - 14-Dec-2018 15:20:42 - [ 8] Visit: Z4 (1 orbit GJ 1061-HOPR) Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Final TESS windows Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 GJ-1061 STIS/CCD ACQ F25ND3 MIRROR 1 3 S (3 S) Comments: Previously used GJ 876 (d=4.7, R=0.38) MUSCLES HLSP spectrum scaled to radius and distance of GJ 1061 (d=3.69, R=0.16). Replaced with M5 V (2951 K) Pickles model normalized to V=13.07 (Vega) and with Mg II flux estimates around 2800 Angstroms. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 GJ-1061 STIS/NUV TIME-TA 52X2 G230L 2376 BUFFER-TIME=1000. 1 1942 S -MAMA G see below (2300 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ GJ-1061 1 STIS/CCD ACQ F25ND3 MIRROR none none none none 1 N/A GJ-1061 2 STIS/NUV TIME-TA 52X2 G230L 2376 none none none none 1 2300.0 S -MAMA G 15463( 16) - 14-Dec-2018 15:20:42 - [ 9] Summary Form for Proposal 15463 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures 52X2, F25ND3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations STIS/CCD, STIS/NUV-MAMA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACQ, TIME-TAG ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters BUFFER-TIME=1000, BUFFER-TIME=1000., BUFFER-TIME=880. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements BETWEEN 06-OCT-2018:00:00:00 AND 18-OCT-2018:00:00:00, BETWEEN 09-AUG-2018:00:10:00 AND 22-AUG-2018:15:40:00, BETWEEN 24-SEP-2018:00:00:00 AND 04-OCT-2018:00:00:00, BETWEEN 27-JUL-2018:00:00:00 AND 08-AUG-2018:08:10:00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements G230L, MIRROR ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names GJ-1061, HD-204961 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------