16065( 4) - 08-Mar-2021 15:14:17 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 16065 Version: 4 Check-in Time: 08-Mar-2021 15:14:17 STScI Edit Number: 1 Title The irradiation and atmospheric escape of the brightest gaseous super-Earth ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle GO 27 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Dr. George King The University of Warwick Y CoI: Prof. Peter J. Wheatley The University of Warwick N CoI: Dr. Vincent Bourrier Observatoire de Geneve N CoI: Prof. David Ehrenreich Observatoire de Geneve N CoI: Dr. Tom Louden The University of Warwick N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract The recent discovery of Pi Men c, a super-Earth transiting an outstandingly bright nearby star (V = 5.67; 18 pc), presents an unrivalled opportunity to study the atmosphere of a small planet just above the radius-period valley. While the expected transit signature of the atmosphere in the optical/infrared is very small, the high-energy environment of the planet is thought to be favourable for large transit absorption features in the far-ultraviolet due to an escaping, extended upper atmosphere. Using simultaneous XMM-Newton and HST observations, we propose to perform both a full reconstruction of the differential emission measure in order to characterise the high-energy irradiation impingent on the planet, and a sensitive search for evaporation signals due to these photons. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Observations Description ------------------------ We will observe the FUV transit of the brightest (V = 5.7), gaseous, transiting super-Earth: Pi Men c. The host star is a G0 dwarf slightly larger than the Sun. Our primary aim with these HST observations is to probe material evaporating from the planet's atmosphere by measuring absorption in lines associated with H, C, and O. We will use the STIS instrument with the echelle grating E140H. Our science goals in observing a planet transit with sufficient out of transit baseline necessitate all 5 orbits awarded occuring consecutively in a single visit. HST has previously observed this target before (proposal ids 14633 and 15699), but not with this specific setup. These orbits were awarded as part of a joint proposal from XMM-Newton cycle AO-19, and the observations should be conducted contemporaneously with the XMM-Newton observations, which also aim to cover the transit of the planet at both X-ray and near-UV wavelengths. Putting the data from the two spacecraft together should also result in a precise measurement of the high-energy environment in which the planet resides, a key input to models of photoevaporation. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16065( 4) - 08-Mar-2021 15:14:17 - [ 2] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 PI-MEN STAR, G V-IV RA=05H37M12.4933S +/- 0.0640", J2000 V = V = 5.67 +/- 0.01 DEC=-80D27'46.98" +/- 0.0671" 10.595 Reference Frame: ICRS Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) 2020.83 0.1252133386355509 1.048845 0.05471 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16065( 4) - 08-Mar-2021 15:14:17 - [ 3] Visit: 01 Visit Requirements: SCHED 70%; Period 6.2679 D AND ZERO-PHASE HJD2458325.50400 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 PI-MEN STIS/CCD ACQ F28X50OII MIRROR 1 2 S (2 S) PHASE 0.9675 TO 0.9755; I SEQ 1-4 NON-INT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 PI-MEN STIS/CCD ACQ/PEA 52X0.05 G430L 4300 1 1 S (1 S) K ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 PI-MEN STIS/FUV TIME-TA 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 BUFFER-TIME=1000, WAVECAL=NO 1 2253 S -MAMA G see below (1989 S) Comments: Buffer time limit from 1.6*10^6 / 245 = 6530, however we add in an extra factor of a few as leeway. A similar buffer time was used for obsevations of the similar brightness target HD 219134, which operated with the same instrumental setup as here. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 WAVE STIS/FUV ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 1 DEF (0 S) -MAMA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 PI-MEN STIS/CCD ACQ/PEA 52X0.05 G430L 4300 1 1 S (1 S) SEQ 5-7 NON-INT K ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 PI-MEN STIS/FUV TIME-TA 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 BUFFER-TIME=1000, WAVECAL=NO 1 2580 S -MAMA G see below (2316 S) Comments: Buffer time limit from 1.6*10^6 / 245 = 6530, however we add in an extra factor of a few as leeway. A similar buffer time was used for obsevations of the similar brightness target HD 219134, which operated with the same instrumental setup as here. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 WAVE STIS/FUV ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 1 DEF (0 S) -MAMA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 PI-MEN STIS/CCD ACQ/PEA 52X0.05 G430L 4300 1 1 S (1 S) SEQ 8-10 NON-INT K ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16065( 4) - 08-Mar-2021 15:14:17 - [ 4] Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9 PI-MEN STIS/FUV TIME-TA 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 BUFFER-TIME=1000, WAVECAL=NO 1 2580 S -MAMA G see below (2316 S) Comments: Buffer time limit from 1.6*10^6 / 245 = 6530, however we add in an extra factor of a few as leeway. A similar buffer time was used for obsevations of the similar brightness target HD 219134, which operated with the same instrumental setup as here. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 WAVE STIS/FUV ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 1 DEF (0 S) -MAMA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11 PI-MEN STIS/CCD ACQ/PEA 52X0.05 G430L 4300 1 1 S (1 S) SEQ 11-13 NON-INT K ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12 PI-MEN STIS/FUV TIME-TA 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 BUFFER-TIME=1000, WAVECAL=NO 1 2580 S -MAMA G see below (2316 S) Comments: Buffer time limit from 1.6*10^6 / 245 = 6530, however we add in an extra factor of a few as leeway. A similar buffer time was used for obsevations of the similar brightness target HD 219134, which operated with the same instrumental setup as here. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13 WAVE STIS/FUV ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 1 DEF (0 S) -MAMA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14 PI-MEN STIS/CCD ACQ/PEA 52X0.05 G430L 4300 1 1 S (1 S) SEQ 14-16 NON-INT K ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 15 PI-MEN STIS/FUV TIME-TA 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 BUFFER-TIME=1000, WAVECAL=NO 1 2580 S -MAMA G see below (2316 S) Comments: Buffer time limit from 1.6*10^6 / 245 = 6530, however we add in an extra factor of a few as leeway. A similar buffer time was used for obsevations of the similar brightness target HD 219134, which operated with the same instrumental setup as here. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16 WAVE STIS/FUV ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 1 DEF (0 S) -MAMA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16065( 4) - 08-Mar-2021 15:14:17 - [ 5] Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ PI-MEN 1 STIS/CCD ACQ F28X50OI MIRROR none none none none 1 N/A II PI-MEN 2 STIS/CCD ACQ/PEA 52X0.05 G430L 4300 none none none none 1 N/A K PI-MEN 3 STIS/FUV TIME-TA 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 none none none none 1 1989.0 S -MAMA G WAVE 4 STIS/FUV ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 none none none none 1 N/A -MAMA PI-MEN 5 STIS/CCD ACQ/PEA 52X0.05 G430L 4300 none none none none 2 N/A K PI-MEN 6 STIS/FUV TIME-TA 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 none none none none 2 2316.0 S -MAMA G WAVE 7 STIS/FUV ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 none none none none 2 N/A -MAMA PI-MEN 8 STIS/CCD ACQ/PEA 52X0.05 G430L 4300 none none none none 3 N/A K PI-MEN 9 STIS/FUV TIME-TA 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 none none none none 3 2316.0 S -MAMA G WAVE 10 STIS/FUV ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 none none none none 3 N/A -MAMA PI-MEN 11 STIS/CCD ACQ/PEA 52X0.05 G430L 4300 none none none none 4 N/A K PI-MEN 12 STIS/FUV TIME-TA 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 none none none none 4 2316.0 S -MAMA G WAVE 13 STIS/FUV ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 none none none none 4 N/A -MAMA PI-MEN 14 STIS/CCD ACQ/PEA 52X0.05 G430L 4300 none none none none 5 N/A K PI-MEN 15 STIS/FUV TIME-TA 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 none none none none 5 2316.0 S -MAMA G WAVE 16 STIS/FUV ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 none none none none 5 N/A -MAMA 16065( 4) - 08-Mar-2021 15:14:17 - [ 6] Visit: 51 Visit Requirements: SCHED 70%; Period 6.2679 D AND ZERO-PHASE HJD2458325.50400 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 PI-MEN STIS/CCD ACQ F28X50OII MIRROR 1 2 S (2 S) PHASE 0.9675 TO 0.9755; I SEQ 1-4 NON-INT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 PI-MEN STIS/CCD ACQ/PEA 52X0.05 G430L 4300 1 1 S (1 S) K ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 PI-MEN STIS/FUV TIME-TA 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 BUFFER-TIME=1000, WAVECAL=NO 1 2253 S -MAMA G see below (1989 S) Comments: Buffer time limit from 1.6*10^6 / 245 = 6530, however we add in an extra factor of a few as leeway. A similar buffer time was used for obsevations of the similar brightness target HD 219134, which operated with the same instrumental setup as here. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 WAVE STIS/FUV ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 1 DEF (0 S) -MAMA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 PI-MEN STIS/CCD ACQ/PEA 52X0.05 G430L 4300 1 1 S (1 S) SEQ 5-7 NON-INT K ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 PI-MEN STIS/FUV TIME-TA 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 BUFFER-TIME=1000, WAVECAL=NO 1 2580 S -MAMA G see below (2316 S) Comments: Buffer time limit from 1.6*10^6 / 245 = 6530, however we add in an extra factor of a few as leeway. A similar buffer time was used for obsevations of the similar brightness target HD 219134, which operated with the same instrumental setup as here. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 WAVE STIS/FUV ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 1 DEF (0 S) -MAMA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 PI-MEN STIS/CCD ACQ/PEA 52X0.05 G430L 4300 1 1 S (1 S) SEQ 8-10 NON-INT K ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16065( 4) - 08-Mar-2021 15:14:17 - [ 7] Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9 PI-MEN STIS/FUV TIME-TA 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 BUFFER-TIME=1000, WAVECAL=NO 1 2580 S -MAMA G see below (2316 S) Comments: Buffer time limit from 1.6*10^6 / 245 = 6530, however we add in an extra factor of a few as leeway. A similar buffer time was used for obsevations of the similar brightness target HD 219134, which operated with the same instrumental setup as here. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 WAVE STIS/FUV ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 1 DEF (0 S) -MAMA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11 PI-MEN STIS/CCD ACQ/PEA 52X0.05 G430L 4300 1 1 S (1 S) SEQ 11-13 NON-INT K ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12 PI-MEN STIS/FUV TIME-TA 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 BUFFER-TIME=1000, WAVECAL=NO 1 2580 S -MAMA G see below (2316 S) Comments: Buffer time limit from 1.6*10^6 / 245 = 6530, however we add in an extra factor of a few as leeway. A similar buffer time was used for obsevations of the similar brightness target HD 219134, which operated with the same instrumental setup as here. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13 WAVE STIS/FUV ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 1 DEF (0 S) -MAMA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14 PI-MEN STIS/CCD ACQ/PEA 52X0.05 G430L 4300 1 1 S (1 S) SEQ 14-16 NON-INT K ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 15 PI-MEN STIS/FUV TIME-TA 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 BUFFER-TIME=1000, WAVECAL=NO 1 2580 S -MAMA G see below (2316 S) Comments: Buffer time limit from 1.6*10^6 / 245 = 6530, however we add in an extra factor of a few as leeway. A similar buffer time was used for obsevations of the similar brightness target HD 219134, which operated with the same instrumental setup as here. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16 WAVE STIS/FUV ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 1 DEF (0 S) -MAMA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16065( 4) - 08-Mar-2021 15:14:17 - [ 8] Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ PI-MEN 1 STIS/CCD ACQ F28X50OI MIRROR none none none none 1 N/A II PI-MEN 2 STIS/CCD ACQ/PEA 52X0.05 G430L 4300 none none none none 1 N/A K PI-MEN 3 STIS/FUV TIME-TA 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 none none none none 1 1989.0 S -MAMA G WAVE 4 STIS/FUV ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 none none none none 1 N/A -MAMA PI-MEN 5 STIS/CCD ACQ/PEA 52X0.05 G430L 4300 none none none none 2 N/A K PI-MEN 6 STIS/FUV TIME-TA 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 none none none none 2 2316.0 S -MAMA G WAVE 7 STIS/FUV ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 none none none none 2 N/A -MAMA PI-MEN 8 STIS/CCD ACQ/PEA 52X0.05 G430L 4300 none none none none 3 N/A K PI-MEN 9 STIS/FUV TIME-TA 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 none none none none 3 2316.0 S -MAMA G WAVE 10 STIS/FUV ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 none none none none 3 N/A -MAMA PI-MEN 11 STIS/CCD ACQ/PEA 52X0.05 G430L 4300 none none none none 4 N/A K PI-MEN 12 STIS/FUV TIME-TA 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 none none none none 4 2316.0 S -MAMA G WAVE 13 STIS/FUV ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 none none none none 4 N/A -MAMA PI-MEN 14 STIS/CCD ACQ/PEA 52X0.05 G430L 4300 none none none none 5 N/A K PI-MEN 15 STIS/FUV TIME-TA 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 none none none none 5 2316.0 S -MAMA G WAVE 16 STIS/FUV ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E140H 1271 none none none none 5 N/A -MAMA 16065( 4) - 08-Mar-2021 15:14:17 - [ 9] Summary Form for Proposal 16065 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures 0.2X0.2, 52X0.05, F28X50OIII ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations STIS/CCD, STIS/FUV-MAMA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACCUM, ACQ, ACQ/PEAK, TIME-TAG ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters BUFFER-TIME=1000, WAVECAL=NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements PHASE 0.9675 TO 0.9755, Period 6.2679 D AND ZERO-PHASE HJD2458325.50400, SCHED 70%, SEQ 1-4 NON-INT, SEQ 11-13 NON-INT, SEQ 14-16 NON-INT, SEQ 5-7 NON-INT, SEQ 8-10 NON-INT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements E140H, G430L, MIRROR ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names PI-MEN, WAVE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------