16074( 8) - 24-Mar-2020 17:10:55 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 16074 Version: 8 Check-in Time: 24-Mar-2020 17:10:55 STScI Edit Number: 5 Title Cyclones as the Dominant Source Regions for Jovian Lightning ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle GO 27 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Michael H. Wong University of California - Berkeley Y CoI: Dr. Glenn S. Orton Jet Propulsion Laboratory N CoI: John K. Arballo Jet Propulsion Laboratory N CoI: Dr. Masafumi Imai University of Iowa N CoI: Dr. Ivana Kolmasova The Czech Academy of Sciences N CoI: Dr. Scott John Bolton Jet Propulsion Laboratory N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract Lightning on Jupiter is associated with moist convection, spanning the water cloud level near 5 bar up to the tops of the ammonia clouds near 0.5 bar. Moist convection has been identified as a heat transport process able to transport most of Jupiter's internal heat to the cloud tops. The combination of Juno lightning measurements and HST photometric imaging for cloud structure will test the possibility that cyclonic vortices are the location of most of the moist convective activity. The Juno spacecraft has measured the spatial distribution of lightning flashes, showing that flash rates are highly variable with latitude, with a northern flash rate about 2x higher than in the south. This published result was based on data from the first third of the Juno mission (2016-2017), but a recent discovery announced in October 2019 suggests a shift in the latitudinal distribution in the second third of the mission (2017-2018). We propose to cover Juno passes in April, June, and September 2020, using one HST orbit of WFC3 imaging for each pass. Along the spacecraft path, the HST observations will determine cloud structure proximity to cyclonic vortices at each latitude. Juno itself cannot provide the necessary context, because its visible-light camera lacks the filters to constrain cloud depth, and it has limited spatial coverage due to pointing constraints and data volume. By characterizing the fraction of lightning events closely associated with cyclonic vortices, we will be able to control for this factor in the search for actual temporal variation in the distribution of lightning with latitude. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Observations Description ------------------------ One orbit on each of three dates (see table). The objective is to time orbits so that the PJ longitude is close to disk center, and the observation time is close to the perijove time. After analyzing SAA timing and guide star placement, we have found that the best timing windows are one Jupiter rotation after the PJ26 pass, and one Jupiter rotation before the PJ27 and PJ29 passes. Juno orbit PJ lon Jup. dia. 16074( 8) - 24-Mar-2020 17:10:55 - [ 2] number Perijove (PJ) times (UTC) (deg) (arcsec) ---------------------------------------------------------------- 26 2020-Apr-10 13:47 50.5 38.1 27 2020-Jun-02 10:19 342.9 44.8 29 2020-Sep-16 02:10 162.7 42.4 For each perijove, the optimized timing is encoded in BETWEEN timing requirements. Filters in the APT file are ordered to maximize science return, assuming full visibility windows. For reduced visibility windows, frames are listed here from high to low priority (although this list may be circumvented if particular problems are found due to guide star availability and multiple UVIS quandrants): F395N F631N FQ727N (quad D) F275W FQ889N (quad A) F225W F502N F275W F225W F343N POS TARG [-15, +15] is used on all the 2K2D-SUB exposures to postion them closer to UVIS center and maintain guide stars. We have approval for BLADE=A for 4-sec exposures (F631N and F502N) to minimize shutter-blade jitter. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16074( 8) - 24-Mar-2020 17:10:55 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Solar System Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 1 TARGET NAME: JUPITER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: PLANET Jupiter atmosphere ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 STD=JUPITER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 WINDOWS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ DATA COMMENTS V = -2.3 +/- 0.7 Ephemeris Center: EARTH Extended: YES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16074( 8) - 24-Mar-2020 17:10:55 - [ 4] Visit: 26 (Apr 10 - PJ 26) Visit Requirements: BETWEEN 10-APR-2020:23:42:33 AND 11-APR-2020:01:13:55 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 JUPITER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUAD FQ889N CR-SPLIT=NO 1 30 S (30 POS TARG +5.94, -7.18; S -SUB S) SEQ 1-10 NON-INT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 JUPITER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUAD FQ727N CR-SPLIT=NO 1 8 S (8 S) POS TARG -10.97, +11.96 S -SUB ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 JUPITER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K2 F275W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 20 S (20 POS TARG -15, +15 S D-SUB S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 JUPITER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K2 F225W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 40 S (40 POS TARG -15, +15 S D-SUB S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 JUPITER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K2 F631N CR-SPLIT=NO, BLADE=A 1 4 S (4 S) POS TARG -15, +15 S D-SUB ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 JUPITER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K2 F395N CR-SPLIT=NO 1 9 S (9 S) POS TARG -15, +15 S D-SUB ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 JUPITER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K2 F502N CR-SPLIT=NO, BLADE=A 1 4 S (4 S) POS TARG -15, +15 S D-SUB ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 JUPITER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K2 F343N CR-SPLIT=NO 1 6 S (6 S) POS TARG -15, +15 S D-SUB ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9 JUPITER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K2 F225W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 40 S (40 POS TARG -15, +15 S D-SUB S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 JUPITER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K2 F275W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 20 S (20 POS TARG -15, +15 S D-SUB S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ JUPITER 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUA FQ889N none none none none 1 N/A S D-SUB JUPITER 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUA FQ727N none none none none 1 N/A S D-SUB JUPITER 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K F275W none none none none 1 N/A S 2D-SUB 16074( 8) - 24-Mar-2020 17:10:55 - [ 5] Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ JUPITER 4 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K F225W none none none none 1 N/A S 2D-SUB JUPITER 5 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K F631N none none none none 1 N/A S 2D-SUB JUPITER 6 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K F395N none none none none 1 N/A S 2D-SUB JUPITER 7 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K F502N none none none none 1 N/A S 2D-SUB JUPITER 8 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K F343N none none none none 1 N/A S 2D-SUB JUPITER 9 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K F225W none none none none 1 N/A S 2D-SUB JUPITER 10 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K F275W none none none none 1 N/A S 2D-SUB 16074( 8) - 24-Mar-2020 17:10:55 - [ 6] Visit: 27 (Jun 02 - PJ 27) Visit Requirements: BETWEEN 02-JUN-2020:00:18:43 AND 02-JUN-2020:01:49:45 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 JUPITER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUAD FQ889N CR-SPLIT=NO 1 30 S (30 POS TARG +2.93, -3.66; S -SUB S) SEQ 1-10 NON-INT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 JUPITER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUAD FQ727N CR-SPLIT=NO 1 8 S (8 S) POS TARG -7.93, +8.39 S -SUB ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 JUPITER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K2 F275W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 20 S (20 POS TARG -15, +15 S D-SUB S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 JUPITER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K2 F225W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 40 S (40 POS TARG -15, +15 S D-SUB S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 JUPITER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K2 F631N CR-SPLIT=NO, BLADE=A 1 4 S (4 S) POS TARG -15, +15 S D-SUB ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 JUPITER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K2 F395N CR-SPLIT=NO 1 9 S (9 S) POS TARG -15, +15 S D-SUB ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 JUPITER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K2 F502N CR-SPLIT=NO, BLADE=A 1 4 S (4 S) POS TARG -15, +15 S D-SUB ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 JUPITER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K2 F343N CR-SPLIT=NO 1 6 S (6 S) POS TARG -15, +15 S D-SUB ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9 JUPITER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K2 F225W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 40 S (40 POS TARG -15, +15 S D-SUB S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 JUPITER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K2 F275W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 20 S (20 POS TARG -15, +15 S D-SUB S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ JUPITER 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUA FQ889N none none none none 1 N/A S D-SUB JUPITER 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUA FQ727N none none none none 1 N/A S D-SUB JUPITER 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K F275W none none none none 1 N/A S 2D-SUB 16074( 8) - 24-Mar-2020 17:10:55 - [ 7] Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ JUPITER 4 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K F225W none none none none 1 N/A S 2D-SUB JUPITER 5 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K F631N none none none none 1 N/A S 2D-SUB JUPITER 6 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K F395N none none none none 1 N/A S 2D-SUB JUPITER 7 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K F502N none none none none 1 N/A S 2D-SUB JUPITER 8 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K F343N none none none none 1 N/A S 2D-SUB JUPITER 9 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K F225W none none none none 1 N/A S 2D-SUB JUPITER 10 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K F275W none none none none 1 N/A S 2D-SUB 16074( 8) - 24-Mar-2020 17:10:55 - [ 8] Visit: 29 (Sep 16 - PJ 29) Visit Requirements: BETWEEN 15-SEP-2020:16:20:00 AND 15-SEP-2020:17:45:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 JUPITER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUAD FQ889N CR-SPLIT=NO 1 30 S (30 POS TARG +4.01, -4.92; S -SUB S) SEQ 1-10 NON-INT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 JUPITER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUAD FQ727N CR-SPLIT=NO 1 8 S (8 S) POS TARG -9.02, +9.67 S -SUB ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 JUPITER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K2 F275W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 20 S (20 POS TARG -15, +15 S D-SUB S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 JUPITER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K2 F225W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 40 S (40 POS TARG -15, +15 S D-SUB S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 JUPITER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K2 F631N CR-SPLIT=NO, BLADE=A 1 4 S (4 S) POS TARG -15, +15 S D-SUB ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 JUPITER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K2 F395N CR-SPLIT=NO 1 9 S (9 S) POS TARG -15, +15 S D-SUB ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 JUPITER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K2 F502N CR-SPLIT=NO, BLADE=A 1 4 S (4 S) POS TARG -15, +15 S D-SUB ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 JUPITER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K2 F343N CR-SPLIT=NO 1 6 S (6 S) POS TARG -15, +15 S D-SUB ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9 JUPITER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K2 F225W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 40 S (40 POS TARG -15, +15 S D-SUB S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 JUPITER WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K2 F275W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 20 S (20 POS TARG -15, +15 S D-SUB S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ JUPITER 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUA FQ889N none none none none 1 N/A S D-SUB JUPITER 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUA FQ727N none none none none 1 N/A S D-SUB JUPITER 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K F275W none none none none 1 N/A S 2D-SUB 16074( 8) - 24-Mar-2020 17:10:55 - [ 9] Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ JUPITER 4 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K F225W none none none none 1 N/A S 2D-SUB JUPITER 5 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K F631N none none none none 1 N/A S 2D-SUB JUPITER 6 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K F395N none none none none 1 N/A S 2D-SUB JUPITER 7 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K F502N none none none none 1 N/A S 2D-SUB JUPITER 8 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K F343N none none none none 1 N/A S 2D-SUB JUPITER 9 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K F225W none none none none 1 N/A S 2D-SUB JUPITER 10 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-2K F275W none none none none 1 N/A S 2D-SUB 16074( 8) - 24-Mar-2020 17:10:55 - [ 10] Summary Form for Proposal 16074 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures UVIS-QUAD-SUB, UVIS2-2K2D-SUB ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations WFC3/UVIS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters BLADE=A, CR-SPLIT=NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements BETWEEN 02-JUN-2020:00:18:43 AND 02-JUN-2020:01:49:45, BETWEEN 10-APR-2020:23:42:33 AND 11-APR-2020:01:13:55, BETWEEN 15-SEP-2020:16:20:00 AND 15-SEP-2020:17:45:00, POS TARG +2.93, -3.66, POS TARG +4.01, -4.92, POS TARG +5.94, -7.18, POS TARG -10.97, +11.96, POS TARG -15, +15, POS TARG -7.93, +8.39, POS TARG -9.02, +9.67, SEQ 1-10 NON-INT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F225W, F275W, F343N, F395N, F502N, F631N, FQ727N, FQ889N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names JUPITER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------