16177( 4) - 21-Jul-2020 13:54:10 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 16177 Version: 4 Check-in Time: 21-Jul-2020 13:54:10 STScI Edit Number: 0 Title Digging into the mystery of the Galactic globular clusters M22 and NGC1851 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle GO 28 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Dr. Annalisa Calamida Space Telescope Science Institute Y CoI: Dr. Matteo Monelli Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias N CoI: Prof. Giuseppe Bono Universita di Roma Tor Vergata N CoI: Dr. Giuliana Fiorentino INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna N CoI: Dr. Adriano Pietrinferni INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico d'Abruzzo N CoI: Dr. Santi Cassisi INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico d'Abruzzo N CoI: Dr. Maurizio Salaris Liverpool John Moores University N CoI: Dr. Mario Gennaro Space Telescope Science Institute N CoI: Dr. Alice Zocchi European Space Agency - ESTEC N CoI: Dr. Alessandra Mastrobuono Max-Planck-Institut fur Astronomie, N Battisti Heidelberg CoI: Dr. Jay Anderson Space Telescope Science Institute N CoI: Dr. Kailash C. Sahu Space Telescope Science Institute N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract We propose to collect deep near-infrared (NIR) images of two peculiar Galactic globular clusters (GGCs), NGC1851 and M22, to explore the properties of their multiple stellar populations. These GGCs display multiple sequences along the red-giant and sub-giant branches in ultraviolet-optical color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs), and spectroscopy confirmed they host multiple stellar populations with different light- and heavy-element abundances and total content of CNO. How these populations originated is still a mystery. We plan to solve this puzzle by using NIR photometry of low-mass main-sequence (MS) stars: these are brighter in the NIR regime, and the lower part of the MS is more sensitive to heavy and light-element abundances in NIR compared to optical colors. We plan to compare the observed NIR CMDs to theoretical models that include new bolometric corrections taking into account different chemical patterns to characterize the chemical composition and population ratio of the different sub-populations in the GGCs. The presence of chemical inhomogeneities in MS stars similar to those found in the giant stars through spectroscopy will confirm their primordial origin. Furthermore, we will derive the mass function of each stellar sub-population and investigate for the presence of differences. The new NIR data will be combined with archival HST data to derive accurate proper motions for MS stars and to characterize the kinematical properties of the different sub-populations. This analysis will shed light on the origin of multiple populations in these very peculiar GGCs. This work is preparatory for studies with JWST that will allow us to apply the same technique to farther GGCs. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Observations Description ------------------------ The first 2-orbit visit is dedicated to M22. We want to collect a series of 16177( 4) - 21-Jul-2020 13:54:10 - [ 2] F110W and F160W exposures of a field at about 5 arcmin from the cluster center that overlaps with previous ACS observations. The ACS parallel is appromitaly centered on the cluster center and overlaps with prevuous WFC3 observaitons. That is why we need an ORIENT constrain. The F160W exposures are at the beginning and at the end of the orbits to mitigate the Heliume line background contamination. To achieve this, we also use a Non-Interruptible Sequence. We dither about ~ 8-10 pixels by using Pos-targs. The second 3-orbit visit is dedicated to NGC1851. We want to collect deep and short F110W and F160W exposures of a field at about 5 arcmin from the cluster center that overlaps with previous ACS observations. The ACS parallel is appromitaly centered on the cluster center and overlaps with prevuous WFC3 observaitons. That is why we need an ORIENT constrain. The F160W exposures are at the beginning and at the end of the orbits to mitigate the Heliume line background contamination. To achieve this, we also use a Non-Interruptible Sequence. We dither about ~ 8-10 pixels by using Pos-targs. We also add two parallel ACS F606W observations since we have some time left and since these extra exposures could improve the S/N and the depth of the current ACS F606W, F814W photometric catalog for the center of NGC1851. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16177( 4) - 21-Jul-2020 13:54:10 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 NGC-1851-OUT STELLAR CLUSTER, RA=05H13M53.0000S, J2000 V = 7.23 GLOBULAR CLUSTER DEC=-40D04'27.00" Reference Frame: ICRS Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) 2015.5 1.114707938811718E-4 0.00239 0.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 M22-OUT STELLAR CLUSTER, RA=18H36M45.0000S, J2000 V = 6.17 GLOBULAR CLUSTER DEC=-23D58'10.00" Reference Frame: ICRS Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) 2015.5 3.4419134212604005E-4 -0.0035900000284527778 0.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16177( 4) - 21-Jul-2020 13:54:10 - [ 4] Visit: 01 Visit Requirements: ORIENT 70D TO 90 D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 M22-OUT WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W NSAMP=14, SAMP-SEQ=STEP25 1 DEF SEQ 1-7 NON-INT; PAR 2 CUM (249.234 WITH 1 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 ANY ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 1 150 S (150 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 M22-OUT WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F110W NSAMP=7, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS5 1 DEF POS TARG 0.92, -0.92 CUM (32.937 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 M22-OUT WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F110W NSAMP=10, SAMP-SEQ=STEP25 1 DEF POS TARG -0.97, 0.33 CUM (149.232 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 M22-OUT WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F110W NSAMP=10, SAMP-SEQ=STEP50 1 DEF POS TARG 0.87, 0.87 CUM (249.232 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 M22-OUT WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W NSAMP=10, SAMP-SEQ=STEP25 1 DEF POS TARG -0.67, -0.67 CUM (149.232 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 M22-OUT WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W NSAMP=11, SAMP-SEQ=STEP25 1 DEF POS TARG 0.83, -0.33 CUM (174.233 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 M22-OUT WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W NSAMP=11, SAMP-SEQ=STEP25 1 DEF POS TARG -0.93, 0.69; CUM (174.233 PAR 9 WITH 8 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9 ANY ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 1 230 S (230 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 M22-OUT WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W NSAMP=14, SAMP-SEQ=STEP25 1 DEF POS TARG 0.67, 0.67; SEQ CUM (249.234 10-18 NON-INT; PAR 11 S) WITH 10 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11 ANY ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F475W 1 250 S (250 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16177( 4) - 21-Jul-2020 13:54:10 - [ 5] Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12 M22-OUT WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F110W NSAMP=9, SAMP-SEQ=STEP25 1 DEF POS TARG -0.92, -0.87 CUM (124.232 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13 M22-OUT WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F110W NSAMP=9, SAMP-SEQ=STEP25 1 DEF POS TARG 0.93, 0.33 CUM (124.232 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14 M22-OUT WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F110W NSAMP=9, SAMP-SEQ=STEP25 1 DEF POS TARG -0.33, 0.97 CUM (124.232 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 15 M22-OUT WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W NSAMP=12, SAMP-SEQ=STEP25 1 DEF POS TARG 0.92, -0.92 CUM (199.233 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16 M22-OUT WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W NSAMP=11, SAMP-SEQ=STEP25 1 DEF POS TARG -0.97, 0.33 CUM (174.233 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 17 M22-OUT WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W NSAMP=10, SAMP-SEQ=STEP25 1 DEF POS TARG 0.93, 0.87; PAR CUM (149.232 18 WITH 17 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 18 ANY ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F475W 1 150 S (150 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ M22-OUT 1 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W none none none none 1 N/A CUM ANY 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W none none none none 1 N/A M22-OUT 3 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F110W none none none none 1 N/A CUM M22-OUT 4 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F110W none none none none 1 N/A CUM M22-OUT 5 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F110W none none none none 1 N/A CUM M22-OUT 6 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W none none none none 1 N/A CUM M22-OUT 7 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W none none none none 1 N/A CUM 16177( 4) - 21-Jul-2020 13:54:10 - [ 6] Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ M22-OUT 8 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W none none none none 1 N/A CUM ANY 9 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W none none none none 1 N/A M22-OUT 10 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W none none none none 2 N/A CUM ANY 11 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F475W none none none none 2 N/A M22-OUT 12 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F110W none none none none 2 N/A CUM M22-OUT 13 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F110W none none none none 2 N/A CUM M22-OUT 14 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F110W none none none none 2 N/A CUM M22-OUT 15 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W none none none none 2 N/A CUM M22-OUT 16 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W none none none none 2 N/A CUM M22-OUT 17 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W none none none none 2 N/A CUM ANY 18 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F475W none none none none 2 N/A 16177( 4) - 21-Jul-2020 13:54:10 - [ 7] Visit: 02 Visit Requirements: ORIENT 150D TO 250 D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 NGC-1851-OU WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W NSAMP=8, SAMP-SEQ=STEP25 1 DEF SEQ 1-5 NON-INT T CUM (99.231 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 NGC-1851-OU WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F110W NSAMP=15, SAMP-SEQ=STEP100 1 DEF POS TARG 0.92, 0.92; PAR T CUM (899.233 3 WITH 2 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 ANY ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 1 800 S (800 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 NGC-1851-OU WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W NSAMP=15, SAMP-SEQ=STEP200 1 DEF POS TARG -0.97, 0.33; T CUM (1599.231 PAR 5 WITH 4 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 ANY ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F475W 1 1200 S (1200 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 NGC-1851-OU WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W NSAMP=7, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS5 1 DEF POS TARG 0.87, 0.67; SEQ T CUM (32.937 S) 6-11 NON-INT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 NGC-1851-OU WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F110W NSAMP=7, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS5 1 DEF POS TARG 0.33, -0.92 T CUM (32.937 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 NGC-1851-OU WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F110W NSAMP=15, SAMP-SEQ=STEP100 1 DEF POS TARG 0.92, 0.93; PAR T CUM (899.233 9 WITH 8 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9 ANY ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W 1 800 S (800 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 NGC-1851-OU WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W NSAMP=15, SAMP-SEQ=STEP200 1 DEF POS TARG -0.87, 0.33; T CUM (1599.231 PAR 11 WITH 10 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11 ANY ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F475W 1 1200 S (1200 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12 NGC-1851-OU WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W NSAMP=7, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS5 1 DEF POS TARG 0.87, 0.67; SEQ T CUM (32.937 S) 12-17 NON-INT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13 NGC-1851-OU WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F110W NSAMP=7, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS5 1 DEF POS TARG 0.33, -0.92 T CUM (32.937 S) 16177( 4) - 21-Jul-2020 13:54:10 - [ 8] Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14 NGC-1851-OU WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F110W NSAMP=15, SAMP-SEQ=STEP100 1 DEF POS TARG 0.92, 0.93; PAR T CUM (899.233 15 WITH 14 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 15 ANY ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F606W 1 800 S (800 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16 NGC-1851-OU WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W NSAMP=15, SAMP-SEQ=STEP200 1 DEF POS TARG -0.87, 0.33; T CUM (1599.231 PAR 17 WITH 16 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 17 ANY ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F606W 1 1200 S (1200 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ NGC-1851-OUT 1 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W none none none none 1 N/A CUM NGC-1851-OUT 2 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F110W none none none none 1 N/A CUM ANY 3 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W none none none none 1 N/A NGC-1851-OUT 4 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W none none none none 1 N/A CUM ANY 5 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F475W none none none none 1 N/A NGC-1851-OUT 6 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W none none none none 2 N/A CUM NGC-1851-OUT 7 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F110W none none none none 2 N/A CUM NGC-1851-OUT 8 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F110W none none none none 2 N/A CUM ANY 9 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F814W none none none none 2 N/A NGC-1851-OUT 10 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W none none none none 2 N/A CUM ANY 11 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F475W none none none none 2 N/A NGC-1851-OUT 12 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W none none none none 3 N/A CUM NGC-1851-OUT 13 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F110W none none none none 3 N/A CUM NGC-1851-OUT 14 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F110W none none none none 3 N/A CUM ANY 15 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F606W none none none none 3 N/A 16177( 4) - 21-Jul-2020 13:54:10 - [ 9] Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ NGC-1851-OUT 16 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W none none none none 3 N/A CUM ANY 17 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC F606W none none none none 3 N/A 16177( 4) - 21-Jul-2020 13:54:10 - [ 10] Summary Form for Proposal 16177 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures IR, WFC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations ACS/WFC, WFC3/IR ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACCUM, MULTIACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters NSAMP=10, NSAMP=11, NSAMP=12, NSAMP=14, NSAMP=15, NSAMP=7, NSAMP=8, NSAMP=9, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS5, SAMP-SEQ=STEP100, SAMP-SEQ=STEP200, SAMP-SEQ=STEP25, SAMP-SEQ=STEP50 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements ORIENT 150D TO 250 D, ORIENT 70D TO 90 D, PAR 11 WITH 10, PAR 15 WITH 14, PAR 17 WITH 16, PAR 18 WITH 17, PAR 2 WITH 1, PAR 3 WITH 2, PAR 5 WITH 4, PAR 9 WITH 8, POS TARG -0.33, 0.97, POS TARG -0.67, -0.67, POS TARG -0.87, 0.33, POS TARG -0.92, -0.87, POS TARG -0.93, 0.69, POS TARG -0.97, 0.33, POS TARG 0.33, -0.92, POS TARG 0.67, 0.67, POS TARG 0.83, -0.33, POS TARG 0.87, 0.67, POS TARG 0.87, 0.87, POS TARG 0.92, -0.92, POS TARG 0.92, 0.92, POS TARG 0.92, 0.93, POS TARG 0.93, 0.33, POS TARG 0.93, 0.87, SEQ 1-5 NON-INT, SEQ 1-7 NON-INT, SEQ 10-18 NON-INT, SEQ 12-17 NON-INT, SEQ 6-11 NON-INT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F110W, F160W, F475W, F606W, F814W ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names ANY, M22-OUT, NGC-1851-OUT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------