16182( 5) - 03-Dec-2020 18:30:53 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 16182 Version: 5 Check-in Time: 03-Dec-2020 18:30:53 STScI Edit Number: 1 Title Catching wind with the HST: novel UV spectroscopy of a bona fide ultraluminous X-ray source ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle GO 28 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Dr. Lida Oskinova Universitat Potsdam Y CoI: Dr. Derck L. Massa Space Science Institute N CoI: Dr. Douglas Russell Gies Georgia State University Research N Foundation CoI: Dr. Enrico Bozzo University of Geneva-Department of N Astronomy CoI: Prof. Tomasz Bulik Warsaw University N CoI: Dr. Wolf-Rainer Hamann Universitat Potsdam N CoI: Dr. Tomer Shenar Katholieke Universiteit Leuven N CoI: Dr. Andreas Sander Armagh Observatory N CoI: Dr. Varsha Ramachandran Universitat Potsdam N CoI: Dr. Jose Miguel Torrejon Universidad de Alicante, Dpto de Fisica N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract We request 17 orbits to secure for the first time an UV spectrum of a generic ultraluminous X-ray source (ULX). Consisting of an accreting compact object, a neutron star or a black hole, and a non-degenerate donor star, ULXs have highest X-ray luminosities among all types of X-ray binaries. These ultra-high luminosities can be achieved either (1) because of an unusual supercritical regime of accretion, or/and (2) because the black holes have masses exceeding a few tens solar, i.e., in the upper range among those detected by gravitational wave observatories. Advances in X-ray astronomy have already proven that supercritically accreting systems indeed exist among the ULX population. Herewith, we request UV spectroscopy to probe the second scenario and establish the existence of ULXs consisting of heavy black holes in a close orbit around a very massive star. ULXs have a broad spectral energy distribution, from X-rays to UV to optical. They are well studied in X-rays, while optical spectra are secured for about ten ULXs. However, no UV spectrum of an ULX exists yet. We propose to close this gap by obtaining a high-quality UV spectrum of the bona fide ULX, Ho II X-1. Our target is the closest among the generic group of those ULXs which show Wolf-Rayet spectra in the optical. The COS spectra will test whether we observe the donor star or the accretion disk wind. Securing the first UV spectrum of a typical ULX is also necessary to gauge the models of the Universe re-ionization which incorporate ULXs as important feedback agents. The UV spectroscopy of an ULX is a necessary addition to the HST UV legacy. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Observations Description ------------------------ Our target is an ultraluminous X-ray source, which was first discovered in X-rays. The target is located in the galaxy Ho II in a relatively crowded field 16182( 5) - 03-Dec-2020 18:30:53 - [ 2] which was imaged by the HST. (1) Coordinates The science target coordinates are from the The Pan-STARRS release 1 (PS1) Survey - DR1. The coordinates were verified with the optical images; they are consistent with the images in ACS WFC1 F550M MJD#53763.1819. The coordinates are 0.4 arcsec away from the Chandra coordinates of the X-ray source. Neither optical nor X-ray star coordinates are consistent with the images ACS SBC F165LP MJD#54066.3627' or with the HST source catalog coordinates. We believe that this is because of the `` astrometric errors due to imperfect fits to GAIA stars during post-processing. 2) Acquisition There are two nearby stars, approx 0.8 arcsec away from our targtet, however the target is birghter in the UV and optical. We were not able to find a UV bright star with GAIA coordinates which we could use for acquisition. Therefore, after discussion with the support scientist, we decided to proceed with the Acq using imaging. Can you please look at this, do we need to use ACQ/SEARCH? The APT gives warning without it. 3) Orient constrain. Because of the other two stars within the COS aperture, we request orient constrain. The line between the Star1 and the science target has position angle 5deg (from north via east). Intended dispersion direction: 90deg against this, i.e. 95deg or 275deg Following the document: https://hst-docs.stsci.edu/display/HPIOM/6.2.2++Target+Orientation+Visit-level+ Special+Requirements COS is mounted such that one has to add 45deg to get the ORIENT angle, i.e.: 140deg or 320deg Allowing for +- 30deg from the ideal ORIENT results in: 110 -- 170 deg or 290 - 350 deg Can you please confirm that these are correct considerations? (4) Visits We were allocated 17 orbits. We split the program to 5 visits, where the first visit is only one orbit and is mainly to verify the aquisition strategy. The acquisition is performed only during the first orbit of each visit. Can you please verify that this is a sensible strategy? (5) Buffer-time We are observing a faint source, therefore buffer time is large (> 20 000 sec) 16182( 5) - 03-Dec-2020 18:30:53 - [ 3] . To optimaize observaitons, we choose buffer-time 3200 sec, can you please verify that thst this is sensible. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16182( 5) - 03-Dec-2020 18:30:53 - [ 4] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SST2011-J081 STAR, GIANT O RA=08H19M28.9760S +/- 0.25", J2000 V = 21.5 929.00+70421 DEC=+70D42'18.99" +/- 0.25" 9.3 Reference Frame: ICRS Extended: NO Comments: This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16182( 5) - 03-Dec-2020 18:30:53 - [ 5] Visit: 01 Visit Requirements: ORIENT 110D TO 170 D; ORIENT 290D TO 350 D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SST2011-J08 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORA 1 200 S (200 1929.00+704 GE S) 219.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SST2011-J08 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 BUFFER-TIME=3400, FLASH=YES, 1 500 S 1929.00+704 G FP-POS=ALL, SEGMENT=BOTH see below 219.3 (2068 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SST2011-J081929.00+ 1 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORA none none none none 1 N/A 704219.3 GE SST2011-J081929.00+ 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 none none none 1 1 517.0 S 704219.3 G SST2011-J081929.00+ 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 none none none 2 1 517.0 S 704219.3 G SST2011-J081929.00+ 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 none none none 3 1 517.0 S 704219.3 G SST2011-J081929.00+ 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 none none none 4 1 517.0 S 704219.3 G 16182( 5) - 03-Dec-2020 18:30:53 - [ 6] Visit: 02 Visit Requirements: SAME ORIENT AS 01; AFTER 01 BY 17 D TO 90 D; ON HOLD FOR 01 On Hold Comments: We need a quick look on the the image and the low S/N spectrum obtained in Visit 1 to ensure that our acqusition strategy is working well. Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SST2011-J08 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORA 1 200 S (200 1929.00+704 GE S) 219.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SST2011-J08 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 BUFFER-TIME=3200, FLASH=YES, 1 3200 S 1929.00+704 G FP-POS=ALL, SEGMENT=BOTH see below 219.3 (11623 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SST2011-J081929.00+ 1 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORA none none none none 1 N/A 704219.3 GE SST2011-J081929.00+ 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 none none none 1 1 2416.0 S 704219.3 G SST2011-J081929.00+ 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 none none none 2 2 3069.0 S 704219.3 G SST2011-J081929.00+ 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 none none none 3 3 3069.0 S 704219.3 G SST2011-J081929.00+ 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 none none none 4 4 3069.0 S 704219.3 G 16182( 5) - 03-Dec-2020 18:30:53 - [ 7] Visit: 03 Visit Requirements: SAME ORIENT AS 01; AFTER 01 BY 17 D TO 90 D; ON HOLD FOR 01 On Hold Comments: We need a quick look on the the image and the low S/N spectrum obtained in Visit 1 to ensure that our acqusition strategy is working well. Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SST2011-J08 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORA 1 200 S (200 1929.00+704 GE S) 219.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SST2011-J08 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 BUFFER-TIME=3200, FLASH=YES, 1 3200 S 1929.00+704 G FP-POS=ALL, SEGMENT=BOTH see below 219.3 (11623 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SST2011-J081929.00+ 1 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORA none none none none 1 N/A 704219.3 GE SST2011-J081929.00+ 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 none none none 1 1 2416.0 S 704219.3 G SST2011-J081929.00+ 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 none none none 2 2 3069.0 S 704219.3 G SST2011-J081929.00+ 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 none none none 3 3 3069.0 S 704219.3 G SST2011-J081929.00+ 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 none none none 4 4 3069.0 S 704219.3 G 16182( 5) - 03-Dec-2020 18:30:53 - [ 8] Visit: 04 Visit Requirements: SAME ORIENT AS 01; AFTER 01 BY 17 D TO 90 D; ON HOLD FOR 01 On Hold Comments: We need a quick look on the the image and the low S/N spectrum obtained in Visit 1 to ensure that our acqusition strategy is working well. Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SST2011-J08 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORA 1 200 S (200 1929.00+704 GE S) 219.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SST2011-J08 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 BUFFER-TIME=3200, FLASH=YES, 1 3200 S 1929.00+704 G FP-POS=ALL, SEGMENT=BOTH see below 219.3 (11623 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SST2011-J081929.00+ 1 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORA none none none none 1 N/A 704219.3 GE SST2011-J081929.00+ 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 none none none 1 1 2416.0 S 704219.3 G SST2011-J081929.00+ 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 none none none 2 2 3069.0 S 704219.3 G SST2011-J081929.00+ 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 none none none 3 3 3069.0 S 704219.3 G SST2011-J081929.00+ 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 none none none 4 4 3069.0 S 704219.3 G 16182( 5) - 03-Dec-2020 18:30:53 - [ 9] Visit: 05 Visit Requirements: SAME ORIENT AS 01; AFTER 01 BY 17 D TO 90 D; ON HOLD FOR 01 On Hold Comments: We need a quick look on the the image and the low S/N spectrum obtained in Visit 1 to ensure that our acqusition strategy is working well. Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SST2011-J08 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORA 1 200 S (200 1929.00+704 GE S) 219.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SST2011-J08 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 BUFFER-TIME=3200, FLASH=YES, 1 3200 S 1929.00+704 G FP-POS=ALL, SEGMENT=BOTH see below 219.3 (11623 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SST2011-J081929.00+ 1 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORA none none none none 1 N/A 704219.3 GE SST2011-J081929.00+ 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 none none none 1 1 2416.0 S 704219.3 G SST2011-J081929.00+ 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 none none none 2 2 3069.0 S 704219.3 G SST2011-J081929.00+ 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 none none none 3 3 3069.0 S 704219.3 G SST2011-J081929.00+ 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G140L 1280 none none none 4 4 3069.0 S 704219.3 G 16182( 5) - 03-Dec-2020 18:30:53 - [ 10] Summary Form for Proposal 16182 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures PSA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations COS/FUV, COS/NUV ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACQ/IMAGE, TIME-TAG ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters BUFFER-TIME=3200, BUFFER-TIME=3400, FLASH=YES, FP-POS=ALL, SEGMENT=BOTH ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements AFTER 01 BY 17 D TO 90 D, ON HOLD FOR 01, ORIENT 110D TO 170 D, ORIENT 290D TO 350 D, SAME ORIENT AS 01 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements G140L, MIRRORA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names SST2011-J081929.00+704219.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------