16291( 5) - 02-Sep-2021 18:14:15 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 16291 Version: 5 Check-in Time: 02-Sep-2021 18:14:15 STScI Edit Number: 1 Title Spatially Resolving Outflows in a z~1 Extremely Red Quasar to Observe a Short-Lived Blowout Phase in Galaxy Evolution ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle GO 28 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Dr. Christy A. Tremonti University of Wisconsin - Madison Y CoI: Cameren Neal Swiggum University of Wisconsin - Madison N CoI: Dr. Serena Perrotta University of California - San Diego N CoI: Dr. Gregory Mosby Jr. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center N CoI: Dr. Aleksandar M. Diamond-Stanic Bates College N CoI: Dr. Alison L. Coil University of California - San Diego N CoI: Dr. Ryan C. Hickox Dartmouth College N CoI: Dr. Jim Geach University of Hertfordshire N CoI: Prof. David Rupke Rhodes College N CoI: Dr. John Moustakas Siena College N CoI: Dr. Paul H Sell University of Florida N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract A key question in galaxy formation is how active galactic nuclei (AGN) interact with their host galaxies. Extremely Red Quasars (ERQs) are ideal objects to study this interaction since they are believed to be quasars caught in a short-lived phase where they are actively clearing gas from their host galaxy's central regions. Most known ERQs are at z=2-3, making it challenging to resolve details of their winds and host galaxies, even with HST. Here we propose to study the lowest redshift ERQ discovered to date (z~0.94) with the aim of directly resolving the high ionization outflow using narrow-band imaging of the [Ne V] line. The narrow band observations will provide a first look at the size and spatial distribution of a powerful quasar outflow during this key phase. The broad band observations will enable measurement of the host galaxy properties including Sersic index, evidence of merging, and recent (100 Myr) star formation. J0048-0046 provides the best possible chance to constrain the ionized gas outflow size of an ERQ, both due to its low redshift and its high level of nuclear obscuration. With the derived outflow size measurements, we can test our theories of galaxy formation and measure whether ERQ winds have enough kinetic power to blow the gas out of their hosts. These observations will also help contribute to building up a sample of ERQ hosts and outflow measurements that can be used to assess how ERQs outflows are driven and how the hosts of these galaxies evolve. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Observations Description ------------------------ We are proposing to measure the morphology and spatial extent of the quasar-driven wind in an Extremely Red Quasar at z=0.94 using WFC3-UVIS narrow-band imaging. We will trace the high ionization gas in the wind using the [Ne V] line at wavelengths of 6500-6630 in the observed frame. Broadband imaging will enable us to continuum subtract and measure the properties of the host galaxy. 16291( 5) - 02-Sep-2021 18:14:15 - [ 2] We are using the narrow F657N filter to isolate the broad [Ne V] line. F657N is well centered on the [Ne V] line and has a bandpass that spans the range of velocites we expect to observe. We conservatively estimate a 3 kpc (R ~ 0.38") outflow yielding a surface brightness of 1.3e-15 erg/s/A/cm^2. A line-dither pattern is used for the rejection of hot pixels and cosmic rays while improving spatial resolution. Unfortunately, both a 3-point and 4-point dither pattern introduces read noise that does not allow us to reach our target S/N. A post-flash of 13 e- is applied based on ETC calculations using the zodiacal background of the target and the most recent recommended background level of 20 e-. We will reach S/N ~ 5 per pixel centered on the brightest region of the outflow in 6 orbits. Broad-band imaging will allow us to correct for the stellar and QSO contiuum in the narrow-band F657N filter and allow us to measure properties of the host galaxy. The F606W filter will observe deep, off-band images with wavelengths close to our narrow-band filter. This will allow us to subtract off the continuum in the on-band images while introducing minimal noise. At radii where we expect the outflow to be present (R < 3 kpc), we will constrain the galaxy/qso continuum with a S/N >8 per pixel. The off-band image will also trace the properties of the host galaxy. A 5x5 pixel binning is appropriate for this diffuse outer-region and we can obtain S/N~3 per spatial bin with 2 orbits. To give us color information of the host galaxy, we use the F814W filter because it provides a better tracer of stellar mass. Since the host galaxy is ~2 times brighter in the F814W filter relative to F606W, we can acheive the same S/N in half the time required for F606W. Archival photometry indicates our target is mildly variable, possibly on time scales of days. As a consequence, we require broadband exposures with F606W for each visit so that the variable continuum can be accounted for when subtracting it from the narrow band. Doing so requires us to take half-orbit exposures in each of the broad bands for visits 1 and 2. A 3-point dither pattern for F606W is the most optimal as it will allow us to remain near our target S/N while also improving cosmic ray rejection and spatial resolution. A 2-point dither pattern for F814W is the safest since going above that many points reduces us to short sub-exposures that may not reach the required background level count of 20 e- per pixel. Due to the low background in our F657N, F606W, and F814W images CTE is a concern. The spatial extent of the outflow is expected to be small (< 10 pixels). We have therefore opted to place the targets close to the readout axis at the UVIS2-C1K1C-CTE position. In the advent of a 2-gyro operational mode, our science will be affected in two ways. Target visibility for this proposal is widely available from late October to mid December of 2020 with 3 gyros. This visibility during the fall is greatly diminished with only 2 gyros operational. Second, all exposures for visits 2 and 3 experience around 1-2 minutes of overrun which would affect our S/N, but not greatly. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16291( 5) - 02-Sep-2021 18:14:15 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SDSSJ0048-00 GALAXY, QUASAR RA=00H48M46.4562S, J2000 Z = 0.94 V = 21.27 +/- .13 46 DEC=-00D46'11.96" Reference Frame: ICRS Extended: YES Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) 2000 0.0 0.0 0.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16291( 5) - 02-Sep-2021 18:14:15 - [ 4] Patterns ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pattern_Number: 1 Primary_Pattern Secondary_Pattern Pattern_Type WFC3-UVIS-DITHER-BOX Pattern_Purpose DITHER Number_Of_Points 4 Point_Spacing 0.173 Line_Spacing 0.112 Coordinate_Frame POS-TARG Pattern_Orient 23.884 Angle_Between_Sides 81.785 Center_Pattern NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pattern_Number: 2 Primary_Pattern Secondary_Pattern Pattern_Type WFC3-UVIS-DITHER-LINE Pattern_Purpose DITHER Number_Of_Points 2 Point_Spacing 0.145 Line_Spacing Coordinate_Frame POS-TARG Pattern_Orient 46.84 Angle_Between_Sides Center_Pattern NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pattern_Number: 3 Primary_Pattern Secondary_Pattern Pattern_Type WFC3-UVIS-DITHER-LINE-3PT Pattern_Purpose DITHER Number_Of_Points 3 Point_Spacing 0.135 Line_Spacing Coordinate_Frame POS-TARG Pattern_Orient 46.84 Angle_Between_Sides Center_Pattern NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16291( 5) - 02-Sep-2021 18:14:15 - [ 5] Visit: 01 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SDSSJ0048-0 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1K F606W 1 675 S PATTERN 1 1 046 S 1C-CTE see below (2364 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SDSSJ0048-0 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1K F657N FLASH=16 1 1350 S PATTERN 2 2 046 S 1C-CTE see below (2604 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 SDSSJ0048-0 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1K F657N FLASH=16 1 1350 S PATTERN 2 3 046 S 1C-CTE see below (2604 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SDSSJ0048-0046 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F606W 1 none none none 1 591.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F606W 2 none none none 1 591.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F606W 3 none none none 1 591.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F606W 4 none none none 1 591.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F657N 1 none none none 2 1302.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F657N 2 none none none 2 1302.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F657N 1 none none none 3 1302.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F657N 2 none none none 3 1302.0 S S K1C-CTE 16291( 5) - 02-Sep-2021 18:14:15 - [ 6] Visit: 02 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SDSSJ0048-0 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1K F606W 1 450 S POS TARG +.5, +.5; 046 S 1C-CTE see below PATTERN 3 1 (1059 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SDSSJ0048-0 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1K F814W 1 675 S POS TARG +.5, +.5; 046 S 1C-CTE see below PATTERN 2 2 (1156 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 SDSSJ0048-0 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1K F657N FLASH=16 1 1350 S POS TARG +.5, +.5; 046 S 1C-CTE see below PATTERN 2 3 (2604 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 SDSSJ0048-0 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1K F657N FLASH=16 1 1350 S POS TARG +.5, +.5; 046 S 1C-CTE see below PATTERN 2 4 (2604 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SDSSJ0048-0046 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F606W 1 none none none 1 353.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F606W 2 none none none 1 353.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F606W 3 none none none 1 353.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F814W 1 none none none 1 578.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F814W 2 none none none 1 578.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F657N 1 none none none 2 1302.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F657N 2 none none none 2 1302.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 4 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F657N 1 none none none 3 1302.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 4 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F657N 2 none none none 3 1302.0 S S K1C-CTE 16291( 5) - 02-Sep-2021 18:14:15 - [ 7] Visit: 03 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SDSSJ0048-0 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1K F606W 1 450 S POS TARG -.5, -.5; 046 S 1C-CTE see below PATTERN 3 1 (1059 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SDSSJ0048-0 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1K F814W 1 675 S POS TARG -.5, -.5; 046 S 1C-CTE see below PATTERN 2 2 (1156 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 SDSSJ0048-0 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1K F657N FLASH=16 1 1350 S POS TARG -.5, -.5; 046 S 1C-CTE see below PATTERN 2 3 (2604 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 SDSSJ0048-0 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1K F657N FLASH=16 1 1350 S POS TARG -.5, -.5; 046 S 1C-CTE see below PATTERN 2 4 (2604 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SDSSJ0048-0046 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F606W 1 none none none 1 353.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F606W 2 none none none 1 353.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F606W 3 none none none 1 353.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F814W 1 none none none 1 578.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F814W 2 none none none 1 578.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F657N 1 none none none 2 1302.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F657N 2 none none none 2 1302.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 4 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F657N 1 none none none 3 1302.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 4 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F657N 2 none none none 3 1302.0 S S K1C-CTE 16291( 5) - 02-Sep-2021 18:14:15 - [ 8] Visit: 04 (visit 1 copy) Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SDSSJ0048-0 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1K F606W 1 675 S PATTERN 1 1 046 S 1C-CTE see below (2364 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SDSSJ0048-0 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1K F657N FLASH=16 1 1350 S PATTERN 2 2 046 S 1C-CTE see below (2604 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 SDSSJ0048-0 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1K F657N FLASH=16 1 1350 S PATTERN 2 3 046 S 1C-CTE see below (2604 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SDSSJ0048-0046 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F606W 1 none none none 1 591.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F606W 2 none none none 1 591.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F606W 3 none none none 1 591.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F606W 4 none none none 1 591.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F657N 1 none none none 2 1302.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F657N 2 none none none 2 1302.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F657N 1 none none none 3 1302.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F657N 2 none none none 3 1302.0 S S K1C-CTE 16291( 5) - 02-Sep-2021 18:14:15 - [ 9] Visit: 05 (Visit 2 copy) Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SDSSJ0048-0 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1K F606W 1 450 S POS TARG +.5, +.5; 046 S 1C-CTE see below PATTERN 3 1 (1059 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SDSSJ0048-0 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1K F814W 1 675 S POS TARG +.5, +.5; 046 S 1C-CTE see below PATTERN 2 2 (1156 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 SDSSJ0048-0 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1K F657N FLASH=16 1 1350 S POS TARG +.5, +.5; 046 S 1C-CTE see below PATTERN 2 3 (2604 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 SDSSJ0048-0 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1K F657N FLASH=16 1 1350 S POS TARG +.5, +.5; 046 S 1C-CTE see below PATTERN 2 4 (2604 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SDSSJ0048-0046 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F606W 1 none none none 1 353.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F606W 2 none none none 1 353.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F606W 3 none none none 1 353.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F814W 1 none none none 1 578.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F814W 2 none none none 1 578.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F657N 1 none none none 2 1302.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F657N 2 none none none 2 1302.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 4 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F657N 1 none none none 3 1302.0 S S K1C-CTE SDSSJ0048-0046 4 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F657N 2 none none none 3 1302.0 S S K1C-CTE 16291( 5) - 02-Sep-2021 18:14:15 - [ 10] Summary Form for Proposal 16291 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures UVIS2-C1K1C-CTE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations WFC3/UVIS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters FLASH=16 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements PATTERN 1 1, PATTERN 2 2, PATTERN 2 3, PATTERN 2 4, PATTERN 3 1, POS TARG +.5, +.5, POS TARG -.5, -.5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F606W, F657N, F814W ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names SDSSJ0048-0046 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------