16312( 9) - 27-Apr-2021 13:59:48 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 16312 Version: 9 Check-in Time: 27-Apr-2021 13:59:48 STScI Edit Number: 6 Title EFFECTS OF RECENT PERIASTRON PASSAGE AND ECLIPSE IN THE SYMBIOTIC SYSTEM R AQR ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle GO 28 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Dr. Margarita Karovska Smithsonian Institution Astrophysical Y Observatory CoI: Mr. Warren J. Hack Space Telescope Science Institute N CoI: Dr. John Charles Raymond Smithsonian Institution Astrophysical N Observatory CoI: Dr. Terrance Gaetz Smithsonian Institution Astrophysical N Observatory CoI: Dr. Vinay Kashyap Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory N CoI: Dr. Amy Mioduszewski Associated Universities, Inc. N CoI: Dr. Mark Claussen Associated Universities, Inc. N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract We propose HST/WFC3 observations of the R Aqr symbiotic system, with joint Chandra and VLA observations, to carry out a high-angular resolution multiwavelength study of the binary environment and of the spatial and spectral characteristics and propagation of the ejecta resulting from the recent - earlier than expected - periastron passage of the WD accretor. The proposed observations follow up on the 2019 to early 2020 DDT/ToO HST+Chandra+VLA observations which show dramatic changes within 1" from the central binary since 2018, including newly ejected material obscuring the evolved Mira-type star and formation of a new jet. The observations are critical for studying the effects of the WD periastron passage, which include enhanced accretion and mass/jet ejections in this nearby symbiotic binary. These phenomena are observable only about twice a century, with the next periastron expected in about 40 years. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Observations Description ------------------------ We request a total of 5 orbits, in 1 visit. We plan to carry out HST WFC3/UVIS imaging of R Aqr, using the 4-point dither mode in several filters. This approach will allow us to reach the maximum resolution of 0.025''/pixel and also assist in cosmic ray removal. This will nearly double the number of pixels covering the regions of interest. Furthermore, better sampling of the PSF will allow further enhancement in the resolution using deconvolution techniques such as Richardson-Lucy or EMC2. We have selected a set of filters to separate line and continuum emission , and to distinguish shocked from photoionized emission. The high-resolution images obtained in the spectral lines e.g., CII] 2326angstroms(A), Mg II 2800A, [OII] 3726A, [OIII] 5007A, H-alpha, and [SII] 6731A, will provide information on the ionization state of the gas. The CII] line can also help determine the (dust) 16312( 9) - 27-Apr-2021 13:59:48 - [ 2] extinction and it is sensitive to carbonatious grain-depletion. The Mg II 2800A line is expected to have a resonant scattering component and will also provide information on the ionization state of the gas. The [OII] 3726A line is a density indicator (the line is bright when the density is low). Furthermore, the [OII] 3726A/[CII] 2326A ratio is a good indicator of temperature and density characteristics of the gas. The SII] 6731A/H-alpha ratio will allow us to identify shocked vs. ionized gas emission, e.g., the ratio will be >=0.4 for shocked gas, and smaller for photoionized gas. The exposure times are based on the online WFC3 ETC calculations as verified by the 2020 WFC3 observations of R Aqr. We optimize the efficiency of the observing time by using subarray readouts (1024x1024 readout) to minimize the overheads, while still providing a >=40''x40'' field of view. Our observations include some flash exposure in order to partially remediate the effects of charge-transfer inefficiency due to the age of the detector. The Phase II proposal was generated using the latest APT based on the desired exposure times to avoid saturation and on the use of dither patterns, and makes the most efficient use of the observing time. In the event a reduced gyro mode will need to be used for this proposal, it will not have any significant impact as long as the target is in the HST field-of-regard when the observations need to be taken in order to catch this time-sensitive behavior of the target since we have no roll constraints for our observations. We request that these observattions be coordinated with the Chandra observations. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16312( 9) - 27-Apr-2021 13:59:48 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 V-R-AQR STAR, ACCRETION DISK, RA=23H43M49.4616S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = 10 +/- 3.0 INTERACTING BINARY, DEC=-15D17'4.20" +/- 0.1" JET, SYMBIOTIC STAR Reference Frame: ICRS Comments: This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16312( 9) - 27-Apr-2021 13:59:48 - [ 4] Patterns ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pattern_Number: 2 Primary_Pattern Secondary_Pattern Pattern_Type SPIRAL Pattern_Purpose DITHER Number_Of_Points 4 Point_Spacing 0.145 Line_Spacing Coordinate_Frame POS-TARG Pattern_Orient 46.86 Angle_Between_Sides Center_Pattern NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16312( 9) - 27-Apr-2021 13:59:48 - [ 5] Visit: 01 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 V-R-AQR WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1K F502N FLASH=20 1 15 S (60 GS ACQ SCENARIO BASE1B3; S 1C-SUB S) PATTERN 2 1-4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 V-R-AQR WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1K F373N FLASH=20 1 95 S (380 S 1C-SUB S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 V-R-AQR WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1K F280N FLASH=20 1 125 S (500 S 1C-SUB S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 V-R-AQR WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1K F656N FLASH=20 1 5 S (20 S) S 1C-SUB ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 V-R-AQR WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1K F673N FLASH=20 1 5 S (20 S) PATTERN 2 5-8 S 1C-SUB ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 V-R-AQR WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1K F336W FLASH=20 1 10 S (40 S 1C-SUB S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 V-R-AQR WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1K F275W FLASH=20 1 200 S (800 S 1C-SUB S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 V-R-AQR WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1K F547M FLASH=20 1 1 S (4 S) S 1C-SUB ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9 V-R-AQR WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1K F373N FLASH=20 2 500 S S 1C-SUB (1000 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 V-R-AQR WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1K F656N FLASH=20 2 450 S (900 S 1C-SUB S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11 V-R-AQR WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1K F280N FLASH=20 2 180 S (360 S 1C-SUB S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12 V-R-AQR WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1K F502N FLASH=20 2 500 S S 1C-SUB (1000 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13 V-R-AQR WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUAD FQ243N FLASH=20 1 170 S (680 PATTERN 2 13 S -SUB S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14 V-R-AQR WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUAD FQ437N FLASH=20 1 50 S (200 GS ACQ SCENARIO BASE1B3; S -SUB S) PATTERN 2 14 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16312( 9) - 27-Apr-2021 13:59:48 - [ 6] Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 15 V-R-AQR WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUAD FQ232N FLASH=20 1 160 S (640 PATTERN 2 15 S -SUB S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ V-R-AQR 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F502N 1 none none none 1 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F502N 2 none none none 1 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F502N 3 none none none 1 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F502N 4 none none none 1 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F373N 1 none none none 1 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F373N 2 none none none 1 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F373N 3 none none none 1 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F373N 4 none none none 1 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F280N 1 none none none 1 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F280N 2 none none none 1 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F280N 3 none none none 1 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F280N 4 none none none 1 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 4 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F656N 1 none none none 1 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 4 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F656N 2 none none none 1 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 4 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F656N 3 none none none 1 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 4 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F656N 4 none none none 1 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 5 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F673N 1 none none none 2 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 5 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F673N 2 none none none 2 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 5 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F673N 3 none none none 2 N/A S K1C-SUB 16312( 9) - 27-Apr-2021 13:59:48 - [ 7] Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ V-R-AQR 5 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F673N 4 none none none 2 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 6 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F336W 1 none none none 2 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 6 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F336W 2 none none none 2 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 6 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F336W 3 none none none 2 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 6 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F336W 4 none none none 2 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 7 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F275W 1 none none none 2 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 7 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F275W 2 none none none 2 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 7 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F275W 3 none none none 2 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 7 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F275W 4 none none none 2 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 8 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F547M 1 none none none 2 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 8 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F547M 2 none none none 2 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 8 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F547M 3 none none none 2 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 8 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F547M 4 none none none 2 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 9 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F373N none none 1 none 3 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 9 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F373N none none 2 none 3 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 10 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F656N none none 1 none 3 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 10 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F656N none none 2 none 3 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 11 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F280N none none 1 none 3 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 11 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F280N none none 2 none 3 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 12 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F502N none none 1 none 4 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 12 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS2-C1 F502N none none 2 none 4 N/A S K1C-SUB V-R-AQR 13 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUA FQ243N 1 none none none 4 N/A S D-SUB V-R-AQR 13 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUA FQ243N 2 none none none 4 N/A S D-SUB V-R-AQR 13 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUA FQ243N 3 none none none 4 N/A S D-SUB 16312( 9) - 27-Apr-2021 13:59:48 - [ 8] Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ V-R-AQR 13 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUA FQ243N 4 none none none 4 N/A S D-SUB V-R-AQR 14 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUA FQ437N 1 none none none 5 N/A S D-SUB V-R-AQR 14 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUA FQ437N 2 none none none 5 N/A S D-SUB V-R-AQR 14 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUA FQ437N 3 none none none 5 N/A S D-SUB V-R-AQR 14 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUA FQ437N 4 none none none 5 N/A S D-SUB V-R-AQR 15 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUA FQ232N 1 none none none 5 N/A S D-SUB V-R-AQR 15 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUA FQ232N 2 none none none 5 N/A S D-SUB V-R-AQR 15 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUA FQ232N 3 none none none 5 N/A S D-SUB V-R-AQR 15 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUA FQ232N 4 none none none 5 N/A S D-SUB 16312( 9) - 27-Apr-2021 13:59:48 - [ 9] Summary Form for Proposal 16312 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures UVIS-QUAD-SUB, UVIS2-C1K1C-SUB ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations WFC3/UVIS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters FLASH=20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements GS ACQ SCENARIO BASE1B3, PATTERN 2 1-4, PATTERN 2 13, PATTERN 2 14, PATTERN 2 15, PATTERN 2 5-8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F275W, F280N, F336W, F373N, F502N, F547M, F656N, F673N, FQ232N, FQ243N, FQ437N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names V-R-AQR ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------