16752( 7) - 01-Feb-2022 21:54:57 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 16752 Version: 7 Check-in Time: 01-Feb-2022 21:54:57 STScI Edit Number: 4 Title The composition of exoplanetary bodies - as probed in accreting white dwarfs with gaseous emission ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle GO 29 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Ms. Laura Rogers University of Cambridge Y CoI: Dr. Amy Bonsor University of Cambridge N CoI: Dr. Siyi Xu NOIRLab - Gemini North (HI) N CoI: Dr. Beth L. Klein University of California - Los Angeles N CoI: Dr. Carl Melis University of California - San Diego N CoI: Prof. Ben M. Zuckerman University of California - Los Angeles N CoI: Dr. Patrick Dufour Universite de Montreal N CoI: Dr. Markus Kissler-Patig ESA-European Space Astronomy Centre N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract As we move into an epoch of rocky planet detection, white dwarfs that have accreted exoplanetary bodies are unique laboratories to directly study the bulk composition of exoplanetary material and deduce the geological processes in exoplanets. Gas and dust observed close to the white dwarfs trace the accretion of this planetary material into the atmosphere of the white dwarf. The recent three-fold increase in the number of known white dwarfs with gaseous emission (including emission features from O, Na, Mg, Si, Ca, Fe) provides a unique opportunity to study the composition of planetary material in two ways. Abundances can be derived from the gas exterior to the white dwarf, and they can then be compared to the abundances determined from the accreted material in the photosphere of the white dwarf. We propose to obtain abundances of the accreted exoplanetary material from FUV spectra of four recently discovered, heavily polluted white dwarfs with at least O, Ca, and Fe in circumstellar gaseous emission. By comparing the composition of the circumstellar gas with the composition of the material that has accreted onto the atmosphere of the white dwarf, we can probe whether volatiles are accreted simultaneously with refractories. This is crucial to using the observed abundances in the white dwarf photosphere to probe the volatile content of exoplanetary bodies, and to understand how planetary bodies lose (gain) volatiles. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Observations Description ------------------------ We propose to obtain HST/COS spectra of 4 recently identified heavily polluted white dwarfs with both circumstellar gas and dust to obtain photospheric abundances of: O, Fe, and C, so we can compare the composition of the circumstellar gas and the accreted material in the atmosphere of the white dwarfs. Technical Set-up: We propose to use the G130M grating in the FUV module with a central wavelength of 1291 A to parallel the analysis by Jura et al. (2012) and Gaensicke et al. (2012). In accordance with the COS2025 policies, we will only use two FP-POS positions (3 and 4). 16752( 7) - 01-Feb-2022 21:54:57 - [ 2] CVZ: One of our targets is located in the continuous viewing zone, but we do not require continuous uninterrupted observations. Using the visit planner tool, we find our target is schedulable. Exposure Times: We scaled the Mg/H abundance determined from ground based optical observations to calculate model spectra for each white dwarf. This gives us expected abundances and line strengths for C, N, O, Si, S, Fe in the UV. For all 4 targets we will confidently detect C, O, and Fe using HST/COS. For each object, we input the model spectra into the COS ETC version 29.1.1 to determine the required on-target observing time. We aim to achieve a signal-to-noise ratio of 20 at 1320 A, close to the wavelengths of the important C II lines. We use average sky background conditions, and include the overheads for target acquisition and instrumental set-up to determine the requested number of orbits. Reduced gyro observations: our observations are not time critical, and can be scheduled any time, so reducing the possible observing windows will not affect this proposal. Using the visit planner tool, there are plenty of schedulable opportunities across the cycle for all 4 targets. Target acquisition is required for all of our targets in order to sucessfully complete the proposed observations. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16752( 7) - 01-Feb-2022 21:54:57 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 GAIA-DR2-286 STAR, ACCRETION DISK, RA=00H06M34.7129S +/- 0.0819", J2000 V = 16.4 Galex FUV = 15.8 092399843358 DA, EXTRA-SOLAR DEC=+28D58'46.54" +/- 0.0579" 5664 PLANETARY SYSTEM Reference Frame: ICRS Extended: NO Comments: Target information from Simbad (Gaia DR2). Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) 2000.0 0.002020571022607168 0.013295 0.0063887 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 LAMOST-J0510 STAR, ACCRETION DISK, RA=05H10M2.1464S +/- 0.0645", J2000 V = 15.1 Galex FUV = 14.1 02.11+231541 DA, EXTRA-SOLAR DEC=+23D15'41.42" +/- 0.0452" .0 PLANETARY SYSTEM Reference Frame: ICRS Extended: NO Comments: Target information from Simbad (Gaia DR2). Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) 2000.0 -0.0035049216757640977 -0.038229 0.0153341 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 GAIA-DR2-527 STAR, ACCRETION DISK, RA=06H11M31.6991S +/- 0.0499", J2000 V = 16.8 Galex FUV= 16.6 948461470373 DA, EXTRA-SOLAR DEC=-69D31'2.15" +/- 0.0700" 0944 PLANETARY SYSTEM Reference Frame: ICRS Extended: NO Comments: Target information from Simbad (Gaia DR2). Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) 2000.0 0.012338067681497835 0.100373 0.0069923 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 SBSS-1622+58 STAR, ACCRETION DISK, RA=16H22M59.6453S +/- 0.0614", J2000 V = 16.9 Galex FUV = 16.26 7 DB, EXTRA-SOLAR DEC=+58D40'30.90" +/- 0.0644" PLANETARY SYSTEM Reference Frame: ICRS Extended: NO Comments: Target information from Simbad (Gaia DR2). Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) 2000.0 0.010658753926602486 -0.128692 0.0054589 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16752( 7) - 01-Feb-2022 21:54:57 - [ 4] Visit: 01 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 GAIA-DR2-28 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORB 1 12 S (12 60923998433 GE S) 585664 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 GAIA-DR2-28 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 BUFFER-TIME=1780, FP-POS=3 1 1141 S 60923998433 G (1141 S) 585664 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 GAIA-DR2-28 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 BUFFER-TIME=1780, FP-POS=4 1 1141 S 60923998433 G (1141 S) 585664 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ GAIA-DR2-2860923998 1 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORB none none none none 1 N/A 433585664 GE GAIA-DR2-2860923998 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 none none none none 1 N/A 433585664 G GAIA-DR2-2860923998 3 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 none none none none 1 N/A 433585664 G 16752( 7) - 01-Feb-2022 21:54:57 - [ 5] Visit: 02 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 LAMOST-J051 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA BOA MIRRORA 1 25 S (25 002.11+2315 GE S) 41.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 LAMOST-J051 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 FP-POS=3, BUFFER-TIME=590 1 1114 S 002.11+2315 G (1114 S) 41.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 LAMOST-J051 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 BUFFER-TIME=590, FP-POS=4 1 1110 S 002.11+2315 G (1110 S) 41.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ LAMOST-J051002.11+2 1 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA BOA MIRRORA none none none none 1 N/A 31541.0 GE LAMOST-J051002.11+2 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 none none none none 1 N/A 31541.0 G LAMOST-J051002.11+2 3 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 none none none none 1 N/A 31541.0 G 16752( 7) - 01-Feb-2022 21:54:57 - [ 6] Visit: 03 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 GAIA-DR2-52 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORB 1 19 S (19 79484614703 GE S) 730944 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 GAIA-DR2-52 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 BUFFER-TIME=3576, FP-POS=3 1 2742 S 79484614703 G (2742 S) 730944 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 GAIA-DR2-52 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 BUFFER-TIME=3576, FP-POS=3 1 1590 S 79484614703 G (1590 S) 730944 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 GAIA-DR2-52 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 BUFFER-TIME=3576, FP-POS=4 1 1297 S 79484614703 G (1297 S) 730944 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 GAIA-DR2-52 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 BUFFER-TIME=3576, FP-POS=4 1 3030 S 79484614703 G (3030 S) 730944 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ GAIA-DR2-5279484614 1 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORB none none none none 1 N/A 703730944 GE GAIA-DR2-5279484614 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 none none none none 1 N/A 703730944 G GAIA-DR2-5279484614 3 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 none none none none 2 N/A 703730944 G GAIA-DR2-5279484614 4 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 none none none none 2 N/A 703730944 G GAIA-DR2-5279484614 5 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 none none none none 3 N/A 703730944 G 16752( 7) - 01-Feb-2022 21:54:57 - [ 7] Visit: 04 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SBSS-1622+5 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORB 1 15 S (15 87 GE S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SBSS-1622+5 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 BUFFER-TIME=2731, FP-POS=3 1 2653 S 87 G (2653 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 SBSS-1622+5 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 FP-POS=4, BUFFER-TIME=2731 1 2933 S 87 G (2933 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SBSS-1622+587 1 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORB none none none none 1 N/A GE SBSS-1622+587 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 none none none none 1 N/A G SBSS-1622+587 3 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 none none none none 2 N/A G 16752( 7) - 01-Feb-2022 21:54:57 - [ 8] Visit: 05 (Visit 01 Repeat) Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 GAIA-DR2-28 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORB 1 12 S (12 60923998433 GE S) 585664 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 GAIA-DR2-28 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 BUFFER-TIME=1780, FP-POS=3 1 1141 S 60923998433 G (1141 S) 585664 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 GAIA-DR2-28 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 BUFFER-TIME=1780, FP-POS=4 1 1141 S 60923998433 G (1141 S) 585664 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ GAIA-DR2-2860923998 1 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORB none none none none 1 N/A 433585664 GE GAIA-DR2-2860923998 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 none none none none 1 N/A 433585664 G GAIA-DR2-2860923998 3 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 none none none none 1 N/A 433585664 G 16752( 7) - 01-Feb-2022 21:54:57 - [ 9] Visit: 06 (Visit 05 Repeat) Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 GAIA-DR2-28 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORB 1 12 S (12 60923998433 GE S) 585664 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 GAIA-DR2-28 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 BUFFER-TIME=1780, FP-POS=3 1 1141 S 60923998433 G (1141 S) 585664 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 GAIA-DR2-28 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 BUFFER-TIME=1780, FP-POS=4 1 1141 S 60923998433 G (1141 S) 585664 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ GAIA-DR2-2860923998 1 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORB none none none none 1 N/A 433585664 GE GAIA-DR2-2860923998 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 none none none none 1 N/A 433585664 G GAIA-DR2-2860923998 3 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 none none none none 1 N/A 433585664 G 16752( 7) - 01-Feb-2022 21:54:57 - [ 10] Visit: 07 (Visit 03 Repeat) Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 GAIA-DR2-52 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORB 1 19 S (19 79484614703 GE S) 730944 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 GAIA-DR2-52 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 BUFFER-TIME=3576, FP-POS=3 1 2742 S 79484614703 G (2742 S) 730944 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 GAIA-DR2-52 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 BUFFER-TIME=3576, FP-POS=3 1 1590 S 79484614703 G (1590 S) 730944 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 GAIA-DR2-52 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 BUFFER-TIME=3576, FP-POS=4 1 1297 S 79484614703 G (1297 S) 730944 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ GAIA-DR2-5279484614 1 COS/NUV ACQ/IMA PSA MIRRORB none none none none 1 N/A 703730944 GE GAIA-DR2-5279484614 2 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 none none none none 1 N/A 703730944 G GAIA-DR2-5279484614 3 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 none none none none 2 N/A 703730944 G GAIA-DR2-5279484614 4 COS/FUV TIME-TA PSA G130M 1291 none none none none 2 N/A 703730944 G 16752( 7) - 01-Feb-2022 21:54:57 - [ 11] Summary Form for Proposal 16752 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures BOA, PSA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations COS/FUV, COS/NUV ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACQ/IMAGE, TIME-TAG ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters BUFFER-TIME=1780, BUFFER-TIME=2731, BUFFER-TIME=3576, BUFFER-TIME=590, FP-POS=3, FP-POS=4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements G130M, MIRRORA, MIRRORB ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names GAIA-DR2-2860923998433585664, GAIA-DR2-5279484614703730944, LAMOST-J051002.11+231541.0, SBSS-1622+587 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------