16766( 2) - 26-Jul-2021 17:17:00 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 16766 Version: 2 Check-in Time: 26-Jul-2021 17:17:00 STScI Edit Number: 0 Title What powers the longest-rising superluminous supernova 2020abjc? ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle GO 29 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Dr. Steve Schulze Stockholm University Y CoI: Dr. Lin Yan California Institute of Technology Y CoI: Dr. Ragnhild Lunnan Stockholm University N CoI: Dr. Ting-Wan Chen Stockholm University N CoI: Prof. Avishay Gal-Yam Weizmann Institute of Science N CoI: Dr. Ofer Yaron Weizmann Institute of Science N CoI: Dr. Tuomas J Kangas Royal Institute of Technology N CoI: Dr. Jesper Sollerman Stockholm University N CoI: Dr. Daniel Perley Liverpool John Moores University N CoI: Prof. Claes Fransson Stockholm University N CoI: Dr. Yi Yang University of California - Berkeley N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract Super-luminous supernovae (SLSNe) are rare stellar explosions whose explosion mechanism and source of immense luminosity are not well established. SN2020abjc is the longest-lasting SLSN known. Its properties are extreme, even for slow-evolving SLSNe. Its spectrum shows no sign of interaction of the SN ejecta with a circumstellar medium and its light curve (shape and colour) rejects a central engine such as a magnetar. We are thus left with the conclusion that a long-lasting light curve equals a long diffusion time, which again requires a very high total mass. The pair-instability-supernova (PISN) mechanism naturally provides both the energy source (a lot of Ni) and the long diffusion time (large mass). Could SN2020abjc be a PISN? We propose to obtain slitless near-IR spectroscopy with WFC3/IR and the G102 and G141 grisms to measure the amount of iron, sulphur, silicon and helium in the ashes of the SN progenitor. This will enable us to unveil the explosion mechanism and the progenitor of this unusual SLSN. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Observations Description ------------------------ Our goal is to obtain grism spectroscopy of a superluminous supernova with WFC3/IR using both the G102 and G141 grisms. Our proposal consists of: -2 visits of WFC3/IR spectroscopy comprising of one orbit in G102 and G141 each. The zeroth-order image are obtained with F105W and F140W. -Each orbit is divided as follows [image, grism] ..dither.. [image, grism] ..dither.. [grism, image] ..dither.. [grism, image]. -Each observations is labelled as 16766( 2) - 26-Jul-2021 17:17:00 - [ 2] GRISM-[102|141]-OR[1|2|3|4]-V[1|2][a|b|c|d]-[PREIM|SPEC]: [102|141] specifies the grism ID OR[1|2|3|4] specifies the orbit number V[1|2][a|b|c|d] specifies the whether this is the first or second visit and the position in the 4-point dither sequence [PREIM|SPEC] specifies whether this the zeroth-order or spectroscopic observation -We wish the second orientation to be offset from the first, but still within these original constraints. This is to avoid contamination of the spectrum by fainter sources we have not detected yet. We have set this offset from orbit 1 to 30 to 150 degree. -We have no further scheduling constraints on the two visits, i.e., visit 1 and 2 can be weeks or even months apart. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16766( 2) - 26-Jul-2021 17:17:00 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 ZTF20ACPYLDH EXT-STAR, SUPERNOVA RA=09H28M0.2800S, J2000 V = 23 +/- 1 DEC=+14D07'16.61" Reference Frame: ICRS Extended: NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16766( 2) - 26-Jul-2021 17:17:00 - [ 4] Visit: 01 (Visit 1) Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Grism and pre-imaging visit 1 4 x (100s preimaging + 500s grism) in G102 and G141 each order: preim, grism, preim, grism, grism, preim, grism, preim (to minimise HeI at end of orbit) 4 position dither pattern plus -1", -1" offset Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 ZTF20ACPYLD WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 F105W NSAMP=5, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25 1 DEF POS TARG -1.0, -1.0 H CUM (102.934 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 ZTF20ACPYLD WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 G102 NSAMP=11, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS50 1 DEF SAME POS AS 1 H CUM (502.937 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 ZTF20ACPYLD WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 F105W NSAMP=5, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25 1 DEF POS TARG 0.355, -0.576 H CUM (102.934 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 ZTF20ACPYLD WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 G102 NSAMP=10, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS50 1 DEF SAME POS AS 3 H CUM (452.936 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 ZTF20ACPYLD WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 G102 NSAMP=11, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS50 1 DEF POS TARG -0.119, 0.212 H CUM (502.937 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 ZTF20ACPYLD WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 F105W NSAMP=5, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25 1 DEF SAME POS AS 5 H CUM (102.934 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 ZTF20ACPYLD WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 G102 NSAMP=11, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS50 1 DEF POS TARG -1.474, -0.218 H CUM (502.937 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 ZTF20ACPYLD WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 F105W NSAMP=5, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25 1 DEF SAME POS AS 7 H CUM (102.934 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9 ZTF20ACPYLD WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 F140W NSAMP=5, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25 1 DEF POS TARG -1, -1 H CUM (102.934 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16766( 2) - 26-Jul-2021 17:17:00 - [ 5] Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 ZTF20ACPYLD WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 G141 NSAMP=11, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS50 1 DEF SAME POS AS 9 H CUM (502.937 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11 ZTF20ACPYLD WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 F140W NSAMP=5, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25 1 DEF POS TARG 0.355, -0.576 H CUM (102.934 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12 ZTF20ACPYLD WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 G141 NSAMP=10, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS50 1 DEF SAME POS AS 11 H CUM (452.936 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13 ZTF20ACPYLD WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 G141 NSAMP=11, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS50 1 DEF POS TARG -0.119, 0.212 H CUM (502.937 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14 ZTF20ACPYLD WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 F140W NSAMP=5, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25 1 DEF SAME POS AS 13 H CUM (102.934 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 15 ZTF20ACPYLD WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 G141 NSAMP=11, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS50 1 DEF POS TARG -1.474, -0.218 H CUM (502.937 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16 ZTF20ACPYLD WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 F140W NSAMP=5, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25 1 DEF SAME POS AS 15 H CUM (102.934 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ZTF20ACPYLDH 1 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 F105W none none none none 1 N/A CUM 4 ZTF20ACPYLDH 2 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G102 none none none none 1 N/A CUM 4 ZTF20ACPYLDH 3 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 F105W none none none none 1 N/A CUM 4 ZTF20ACPYLDH 4 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G102 none none none none 1 N/A CUM 4 ZTF20ACPYLDH 5 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G102 none none none none 1 N/A CUM 4 ZTF20ACPYLDH 6 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 F105W none none none none 1 N/A CUM 4 16766( 2) - 26-Jul-2021 17:17:00 - [ 6] Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ZTF20ACPYLDH 7 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G102 none none none none 1 N/A CUM 4 ZTF20ACPYLDH 8 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 F105W none none none none 1 N/A CUM 4 ZTF20ACPYLDH 9 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 F140W none none none none 2 N/A CUM 4 ZTF20ACPYLDH 10 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none none none 2 N/A CUM 4 ZTF20ACPYLDH 11 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 F140W none none none none 2 N/A CUM 4 ZTF20ACPYLDH 12 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none none none 2 N/A CUM 4 ZTF20ACPYLDH 13 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none none none 2 N/A CUM 4 ZTF20ACPYLDH 14 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 F140W none none none none 2 N/A CUM 4 ZTF20ACPYLDH 15 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none none none 2 N/A CUM 4 ZTF20ACPYLDH 16 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 F140W none none none none 2 N/A CUM 4 16766( 2) - 26-Jul-2021 17:17:00 - [ 7] Visit: 02 (Visit 2) Visit Requirements: ORIENT 30D TO 150D FROM 01 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Grism and pre-imaging visit 2 4 x (100s preimaging + 500s grism) in G102 and G141 each order: preim, grism, preim, grism, grism, preim, grism, preim (to minimise HeI at end of orbit) 4 position dither pattern plus -1", -1" offset Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 ZTF20ACPYLD WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 F105W NSAMP=5, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25 1 DEF POS TARG -1.0, -1.0 H CUM (102.934 S) Comments: Updated preimaging after results of V1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 ZTF20ACPYLD WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 G102 NSAMP=11, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS50 1 DEF SAME POS AS 1 H CUM (502.937 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 ZTF20ACPYLD WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 F105W NSAMP=5, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25 1 DEF POS TARG 0.355, -0.576 H CUM (102.934 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 ZTF20ACPYLD WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 G102 NSAMP=10, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS50 1 DEF SAME POS AS 3 H CUM (452.936 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 ZTF20ACPYLD WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 G102 NSAMP=11, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS50 1 DEF POS TARG -0.119, 0.212 H CUM (502.937 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 ZTF20ACPYLD WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 F105W NSAMP=5, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25 1 DEF SAME POS AS 5 H CUM (102.934 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 ZTF20ACPYLD WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 G102 NSAMP=11, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS50 1 DEF POS TARG -1.474, -0.218 H CUM (502.937 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 ZTF20ACPYLD WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 F105W NSAMP=5, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25 1 DEF SAME POS AS 7 H CUM (102.934 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9 ZTF20ACPYLD WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 F140W NSAMP=5, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25 1 DEF POS TARG -1, -1 H CUM (102.934 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16766( 2) - 26-Jul-2021 17:17:00 - [ 8] Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 ZTF20ACPYLD WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 G141 NSAMP=11, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS50 1 DEF SAME POS AS 9 H CUM (502.937 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11 ZTF20ACPYLD WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 F140W NSAMP=5, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25 1 DEF POS TARG 0.355, -0.576 H CUM (102.934 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12 ZTF20ACPYLD WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 G141 NSAMP=10, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS50 1 DEF SAME POS AS 11 H CUM (452.936 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13 ZTF20ACPYLD WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 G141 NSAMP=11, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS50 1 DEF POS TARG -0.119, 0.212 H CUM (502.937 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14 ZTF20ACPYLD WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 F140W NSAMP=5, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25 1 DEF SAME POS AS 13 H CUM (102.934 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 15 ZTF20ACPYLD WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 G141 NSAMP=11, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS50 1 DEF POS TARG -1.474, -0.218 H CUM (502.937 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16 ZTF20ACPYLD WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM1024 F140W NSAMP=5, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25 1 DEF SAME POS AS 15 H CUM (102.934 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ZTF20ACPYLDH 1 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 F105W none none none none 1 N/A CUM 4 ZTF20ACPYLDH 2 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G102 none none none none 1 N/A CUM 4 ZTF20ACPYLDH 3 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 F105W none none none none 1 N/A CUM 4 ZTF20ACPYLDH 4 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G102 none none none none 1 N/A CUM 4 ZTF20ACPYLDH 5 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G102 none none none none 1 N/A CUM 4 ZTF20ACPYLDH 6 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 F105W none none none none 1 N/A CUM 4 16766( 2) - 26-Jul-2021 17:17:00 - [ 9] Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ZTF20ACPYLDH 7 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G102 none none none none 1 N/A CUM 4 ZTF20ACPYLDH 8 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 F105W none none none none 1 N/A CUM 4 ZTF20ACPYLDH 9 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 F140W none none none none 2 N/A CUM 4 ZTF20ACPYLDH 10 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none none none 2 N/A CUM 4 ZTF20ACPYLDH 11 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 F140W none none none none 2 N/A CUM 4 ZTF20ACPYLDH 12 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none none none 2 N/A CUM 4 ZTF20ACPYLDH 13 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none none none 2 N/A CUM 4 ZTF20ACPYLDH 14 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 F140W none none none none 2 N/A CUM 4 ZTF20ACPYLDH 15 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 G141 none none none none 2 N/A CUM 4 ZTF20ACPYLDH 16 WFC3/IR MULTIAC GRISM102 F140W none none none none 2 N/A CUM 4 16766( 2) - 26-Jul-2021 17:17:00 - [ 10] Summary Form for Proposal 16766 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures GRISM1024 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations WFC3/IR ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes MULTIACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters NSAMP=10, NSAMP=11, NSAMP=5, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS25, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS50 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements ORIENT 30D TO 150D FROM 01, POS TARG -0.119, 0.212, POS TARG -1, -1, POS TARG -1.0, -1.0, POS TARG -1.474, -0.218, POS TARG 0.355, -0.576, SAME POS AS 1, SAME POS AS 11, SAME POS AS 13, SAME POS AS 15, SAME POS AS 3, SAME POS AS 5, SAME POS AS 7, SAME POS AS 9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F105W, F140W, G102, G141 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names ZTF20ACPYLDH ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------