17239(  2) - 29-Sep-2022 19:29:50 - [  1]

                  HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 17239

Version:   2  Check-in Time: 29-Sep-2022 19:29:50       STScI Edit Number: 0     

Title
X-ray confirmation of optically selected IMBH-powered AGN and high-resolution imaging of their host
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Type             Cycle
GO               30       
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Investigators                                                                   
                                                                                     Contact?
    PI: Dr. Igor Chilingarian             Smithsonian Institution Astrophysical         Y 
                                          Observatory                                     
   CoI: Dr. Franz Bauer                   Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile      N 
   CoI: Mr. Kirill Grishin                Universite Paris Diderot (Paris 7)            N 
   CoI: Dr. Ivan Zolotukhin               Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et     N 
                                          Planetologie                                    
   CoI: Dr. Ivan Katkov                   New York University Abu Dhabi                 N 
   CoI: Victoria Toptun                   Sternberg State Astronomical Institute        N 
   CoI: Vladimir Goradzhanov              Moscow State University                       N 
   CoI: Ivan Kuzmin                       Moscow State University                       N 
   CoI: Mariia Demianenko                 Max Planck Institute for Astronomy            N 
   CoI: Dmitrii Matveev                   Moscow State University                       N 
   CoI: Mr. Ernesto Antonio Camacho       Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile      N 

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Abstract

A population of intermediate black holes (IMBH) will allow us to solve one of the   
long-standing problems in modern astrophysics, the origin of supermassive black     
holes. We explore the published sample of 305 optically selected IMBH candidates    
(3e4<M_BH<2e5 M_Sun), which reside in galaxy centers and appear as weak type-I AGN. 
As of now, 24 of them were confirmed in X-ray using archival data. Here we propose  
to observe 23 objects from that list with Chandra and 5 most compact host galaxies  
with the HST to double the number of X-ray confirmed IMBHs and get the first insight
on structural properties of compact IMBH host galaxies. This will enable detailed   
studies of the IMBH population and help to constrain the masses of seed black holes 
in the early Universe.                                                              
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  Observations Description
  ------------------------

     This is a joint Chandra/HST program. We propose (i) to observe with Chandra    
     ACIS-S 23 IMBH candidates from a sample of optically selected low-redshift     
     (0.021<z<0.1) AGN from SDSS exhibiting optical variability and/or broad line   
     component in H-alpha present in multiple epochs with the expected X-ray fluxes 
     detectable in <20 ksec; and (ii) obtain high-resolution NUV-to-optical images  
     for the host galaxies of the five most compact objects using HST WFC3/UVIS. The
     candidates have virial BH masses between 30, 000 and 200, 000 MSun. Our        
     observations will nearly double the currently available sample of X-ray        
     confirmed IMBHs and triple the sample of IMBH host galaxies with               
     high-resolution images, which is a crucially important aspect of our           
     understanding of the physics behind the massive black hole growth. The X-ray   
     luminosity combined with the MBH estimate from optical spectra will yield      
     Eddington rates. The light profile decomposition done on high-resolution       
                                                  17239(  2) - 29-Sep-2022 19:29:50 - [  2]

     imaging will allow us to place IMBHs on the MBH-Mbulge diagram to test the     
     BH/host co-evolution. The use of two optical colors will allow us to detect    
     stellar population gradients in bulges, which can clarify the bulge growth     
     scenario: for in situ ``inside-out'' pseudo-bulge growth there should be a     
     negative metallicity gradient, while if a bulge is formed by mergers, the color
     and metallicity profiles should be flat because of the mixing of stars that    
     occurs during mergers. Finally, the observations will place limits on the UV   
     accretion SEDs.                                                                
                                                                                    
     We propose to use the F300X, F350LP and F600LP filters. (i) the near-UV F300X  
     is the deepest UV option in WFC3/UVIS; it will to isolate a compact active     
     nucleus from star formation in the bulge (ii) a difference of F350LP and F600LP
     is much deeper than any blue optical WFC3 filter; it will reveal dust          
     morphology in the inner part and will be crucial for the stellar population    
     analysis of host galaxies combined with pure F600LP; (ii) F600LP will be the   
     primary filter for the 2D light profile decomposition; (iii) F350LP and F600LP 
     will provide the best stellar mass estimates for structural components. We     
     computed stellar population models using PEGASE.2 for the proposed filter setup
     and confirmed its suitability.                                                 
                                                                                    
     We use the WFC3 ETC to estimate the signal-to-noise ratio using best-fitting   
     models of the light profiles of our targets from the Simard11 catalog. We      
     estimate that in 700sec per filter in the optical F350LP and F600LP bands we   
     will reach S/N ratios between 40 and 100 per pixel in the central regions of   
     the IMBH host galaxies where we need to perform a two-dimensional light profile
     decomposition. It is difficult to make predictions for the UV AGN continuum in 
     the proposed targets, as this regime has yet to be probed systematically.      
     However, based on the results of past observational campaigns of small SMBHs   
     such as proposal 13943 by Reines et al. available in the HST archive, which    
     have significant nucleus detections, we request similar F300X integration times
     of 700sec per target. In total, we request 5 orbits to complete our project.   
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                                                  17239(  2) - 29-Sep-2022 19:29:50 - [  3]

TARGET LIST    Fixed Targets
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Tar|   Target   |         Target        |            Target              |Coord   | Radial |             Flux data
No |    Name    |       Description     |           Position             |Eqnx    |  Vel.  |
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1   J104733.80+2 GALAXY, SEYFERT         RA=10H47M33.8040S,               J2000             V = 17.933                              
    22400.6                              DEC=+22D24'0.59"                                                                           
    Reference Frame: ICRS
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2   J112339.01+2 GALAXY, SEYFERT         RA=11H23M39.0127S,               J2000             V = 17.423                              
    32259.1                              DEC=+23D22'59.10"                                                                          
    Reference Frame: ICRS
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3   J132712.76+4 GALAXY, SEYFERT         RA=13H27M12.7555S,               J2000             V = 16.177                              
    21754.4                              DEC=+42D17'54.40"                                                                          
    Reference Frame: ICRS
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4   J144252.81+2 GALAXY, SEYFERT         RA=14H42M52.8077S,               J2000             V = 17.704                              
    05451.5                              DEC=+20D54'51.55"                                                                          
    Reference Frame: ICRS
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5   J170158.60+2 GALAXY, SEYFERT         RA=17H01M58.6022S,               J2000             V = 17.317                              
    41411.1                              DEC=+24D14'11.14"                                                                          
    Reference Frame: ICRS
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                                                  17239(  2) - 29-Sep-2022 19:29:50 - [  4]

Patterns
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Pattern_Number: 1

                    Primary_Pattern                   Secondary_Pattern                
Pattern_Type        WFC3-UVIS-GAP-LINE                                                 
Pattern_Purpose     MOSAIC                                                             
Number_Of_Points    2                                                                  
Point_Spacing       2.414                                                              
Line_Spacing        <none>                                                             
Coordinate_Frame    POS-TARG                                                           
Pattern_Orient      85.759                                                             
Angle_Between_Sides <none>                                                             
Center_Pattern      YES                                                                

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                                                  17239(  2) - 29-Sep-2022 19:29:50 - [  5]

Visit: 01
     Visit Requirements:  <none>                                                                                      
     On Hold Comments:    <none>                                                                                      
     Additional Comments: <none>                                                                                      


Exposures
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Exp |   Target  | Instr  | Oper. | Aper    |Spectral|Central|           Optional           |Num|   Time   |       Special
Num |    Name   | Config | Mode  | or FOV  |Element |Waveln.|          Parameters          |Exp|  (Total) |     Requirements
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1    J104733.80+ WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2     F300X            FLASH=15                       1   348 S (696 PATTERN 1 1              
     222400.6    S                                                                              S)                                  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2    J104733.80+ WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2     F350LP                                          1   348 S (696 PATTERN 1 2              
     222400.6    S                                                                              S)                                  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3    J104733.80+ WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2     F600LP           FLASH=3                        1   348 S (669 PATTERN 1 3              
     222400.6    S                                                                              S)                                  
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Sub Exposures
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Target             | Exp |Instr   | Oper. |  Aper  |Spectral|Cent.|Primary     |Secondary   |Iteration |CR-SPLIT  |Orbit  |Duration
Name               | Num |Config  | Mode  | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num       |Num       |Number |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
J104733.80+222400.6 1     WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2    F300X          1            none         none       none       1       N/A      
                          S                                                                                                         
J104733.80+222400.6 1     WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2    F300X          2            none         none       none       1       N/A      
                          S                                                                                                         
J104733.80+222400.6 2     WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2    F350LP         1            none         none       none       1       N/A      
                          S                                                                                                         
J104733.80+222400.6 2     WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2    F350LP         2            none         none       none       1       N/A      
                          S                                                                                                         
J104733.80+222400.6 3     WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2    F600LP         1            none         none       none       1       N/A      
                          S                                                                                                         
J104733.80+222400.6 3     WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2    F600LP         2            none         none       none       1       321 S    
                          S                                                                                                         
                                                  17239(  2) - 29-Sep-2022 19:29:50 - [  6]

Visit: 02
     Visit Requirements:  <none>                                                                                      
     On Hold Comments:    <none>                                                                                      
     Additional Comments: <none>                                                                                      


Exposures
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Exp |   Target  | Instr  | Oper. | Aper    |Spectral|Central|           Optional           |Num|   Time   |       Special
Num |    Name   | Config | Mode  | or FOV  |Element |Waveln.|          Parameters          |Exp|  (Total) |     Requirements
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1    J112339.01+ WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2     F300X            FLASH=15                       1   348 S (696 PATTERN 1 1              
     232259.1    S                                                                              S)                                  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2    J112339.01+ WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2     F350LP                                          1   348 S (696 PATTERN 1 2              
     232259.1    S                                                                              S)                                  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3    J112339.01+ WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2     F600LP           FLASH=3                        1   348 S (669 PATTERN 1 3              
     232259.1    S                                                                              S)                                  
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Sub Exposures
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Target             | Exp |Instr   | Oper. |  Aper  |Spectral|Cent.|Primary     |Secondary   |Iteration |CR-SPLIT  |Orbit  |Duration
Name               | Num |Config  | Mode  | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num       |Num       |Number |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
J112339.01+232259.1 1     WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2    F300X          1            none         none       none       1       N/A      
                          S                                                                                                         
J112339.01+232259.1 1     WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2    F300X          2            none         none       none       1       N/A      
                          S                                                                                                         
J112339.01+232259.1 2     WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2    F350LP         1            none         none       none       1       N/A      
                          S                                                                                                         
J112339.01+232259.1 2     WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2    F350LP         2            none         none       none       1       N/A      
                          S                                                                                                         
J112339.01+232259.1 3     WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2    F600LP         1            none         none       none       1       N/A      
                          S                                                                                                         
J112339.01+232259.1 3     WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2    F600LP         2            none         none       none       1       321.0 S  
                          S                                                                                                         
                                                  17239(  2) - 29-Sep-2022 19:29:50 - [  7]

Visit: 03
     Visit Requirements:  <none>                                                                                      
     On Hold Comments:    <none>                                                                                      
     Additional Comments: <none>                                                                                      


Exposures
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Exp |   Target  | Instr  | Oper. | Aper    |Spectral|Central|           Optional           |Num|   Time   |       Special
Num |    Name   | Config | Mode  | or FOV  |Element |Waveln.|          Parameters          |Exp|  (Total) |     Requirements
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1    J132712.76+ WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2     F300X            FLASH=15                       1   357 S (714 PATTERN 1 1              
     421754.4    S                                                                              S)                                  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2    J132712.76+ WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2     F350LP                                          1   357 S (714 PATTERN 1 2              
     421754.4    S                                                                              S)                                  
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3    J132712.76+ WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2     F600LP           FLASH=2                        1   357 S (714 PATTERN 1 3              
     421754.4    S                                                                              S)                                  
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Sub Exposures
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Target             | Exp |Instr   | Oper. |  Aper  |Spectral|Cent.|Primary     |Secondary   |Iteration |CR-SPLIT  |Orbit  |Duration
Name               | Num |Config  | Mode  | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num       |Num       |Number |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
J132712.76+421754.4 1     WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2    F300X          1            none         none       none       1       N/A      
                          S                                                                                                         
J132712.76+421754.4 1     WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2    F300X          2            none         none       none       1       N/A      
                          S                                                                                                         
J132712.76+421754.4 2     WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2    F350LP         1            none         none       none       1       N/A      
                          S                                                                                                         
J132712.76+421754.4 2     WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2    F350LP         2            none         none       none       1       N/A      
                          S                                                                                                         
J132712.76+421754.4 3     WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2    F600LP         1            none         none       none       1       N/A      
                          S                                                                                                         
J132712.76+421754.4 3     WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2    F600LP         2            none         none       none       1       N/A      
                          S                                                                                                         
                                                  17239(  2) - 29-Sep-2022 19:29:50 - [  8]

Visit: 04
     Visit Requirements:  <none>                                                                                      
     On Hold Comments:    <none>                                                                                      
     Additional Comments: <none>                                                                                      


Exposures
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Exp |   Target  | Instr  | Oper. | Aper    |Spectral|Central|           Optional           |Num|   Time   |       Special
Num |    Name   | Config | Mode  | or FOV  |Element |Waveln.|          Parameters          |Exp|  (Total) |     Requirements
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1    J144252.81+ WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2     F300X            FLASH=15                       1   348 S (696 PATTERN 1 1              
     205451.5    S                                                                              S)                                  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2    J144252.81+ WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2     F350LP                                          1   348 S (696 PATTERN 1 2              
     205451.5    S                                                                              S)                                  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3    J144252.81+ WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2     F600LP           FLASH=3                        1   348 S (669 PATTERN 1 3              
     205451.5    S                                                                              S)                                  
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Sub Exposures
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Target             | Exp |Instr   | Oper. |  Aper  |Spectral|Cent.|Primary     |Secondary   |Iteration |CR-SPLIT  |Orbit  |Duration
Name               | Num |Config  | Mode  | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num       |Num       |Number |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
J144252.81+205451.5 1     WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2    F300X          1            none         none       none       1       N/A      
                          S                                                                                                         
J144252.81+205451.5 1     WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2    F300X          2            none         none       none       1       N/A      
                          S                                                                                                         
J144252.81+205451.5 2     WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2    F350LP         1            none         none       none       1       N/A      
                          S                                                                                                         
J144252.81+205451.5 2     WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2    F350LP         2            none         none       none       1       N/A      
                          S                                                                                                         
J144252.81+205451.5 3     WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2    F600LP         1            none         none       none       1       N/A      
                          S                                                                                                         
J144252.81+205451.5 3     WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2    F600LP         2            none         none       none       1       321.0 S  
                          S                                                                                                         
                                                  17239(  2) - 29-Sep-2022 19:29:50 - [  9]

Visit: 05
     Visit Requirements:  <none>                                                                                      
     On Hold Comments:    <none>                                                                                      
     Additional Comments: <none>                                                                                      


Exposures
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Exp |   Target  | Instr  | Oper. | Aper    |Spectral|Central|           Optional           |Num|   Time   |       Special
Num |    Name   | Config | Mode  | or FOV  |Element |Waveln.|          Parameters          |Exp|  (Total) |     Requirements
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1    J170158.60+ WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2     F300X            FLASH=15                       1   348 S (696 PATTERN 1 1              
     241411.1    S                                                                              S)                                  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2    J170158.60+ WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2     F350LP                                          1   348 S (696 PATTERN 1 2              
     241411.1    S                                                                              S)                                  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3    J170158.60+ WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2     F600LP           FLASH=3                        1   348 S (669 PATTERN 1 3              
     241411.1    S                                                                              S)                                  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sub Exposures
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Target             | Exp |Instr   | Oper. |  Aper  |Spectral|Cent.|Primary     |Secondary   |Iteration |CR-SPLIT  |Orbit  |Duration
Name               | Num |Config  | Mode  | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num       |Num       |Number |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
J170158.60+241411.1 1     WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2    F300X          1            none         none       none       1       N/A      
                          S                                                                                                         
J170158.60+241411.1 1     WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2    F300X          2            none         none       none       1       N/A      
                          S                                                                                                         
J170158.60+241411.1 2     WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2    F350LP         1            none         none       none       1       N/A      
                          S                                                                                                         
J170158.60+241411.1 2     WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2    F350LP         2            none         none       none       1       N/A      
                          S                                                                                                         
J170158.60+241411.1 3     WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2    F600LP         1            none         none       none       1       N/A      
                          S                                                                                                         
J170158.60+241411.1 3     WFC3/UVI ACCUM   UVIS2    F600LP         2            none         none       none       1       321.0 S  
                          S                                                                                                         
                                                  17239(  2) - 29-Sep-2022 19:29:50 - [ 10]

            Summary Form for Proposal  17239

  Item                         Used in this proposal                                                                              
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  Apertures                    UVIS2                                                                                               
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  Configurations               WFC3/UVIS                                                                                           
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  Opmodes                      ACCUM                                                                                               
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  Optional Parameters          FLASH=15, FLASH=2, FLASH=3                                                                          
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  Special Requirements         PATTERN 1 1, PATTERN 1 2, PATTERN 1 3                                                               
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  Spectral Elements            F300X, F350LP, F600LP                                                                               
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  Target Names                 J104733.80+222400.6, J112339.01+232259.1, J132712.76+421754.4, J144252.81+205451.5,                 
                               J170158.60+241411.1                                                                                 
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