17312( 10) - 02-Aug-2024 20:49:19 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 17312 Version: 10 Check-in Time: 02-Aug-2024 20:49:19 STScI Edit Number: 6 Title Refining the Mira Distance Ladder with NIRCam Observations of M101 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle GO 30 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Dr. Caroline Huang Smithsonian Institution Astrophysical Y Observatory CoI: Dr. Massimo Marengo Florida State University N CoI: Dr. Wenlong Yuan The Johns Hopkins University N CoI: Mr. Warren J. Hack Eureka Scientific Inc. N CoI: Dr. Adam Riess The Johns Hopkins University N CoI: Dr. Louise Breuval The Johns Hopkins University N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract The recent tension between direct, model-independent measurements of the Hubble constant and the model-dependent values inferred from observations of the CMB has posed the strongest challenge to LambdaCDM in nearly 30 years. However, the burden of proof for a potentially groundbreaking discovery of new physics is high. Thus, alternative routes to the present measurements of the Hubble constant -- which rely primarily on Cepheids and Tip of Red Giant Branch as intermediate distance indicators -- must be explored in order to verify the current results and to fully understand the role of systematic uncertainties. Oxygen-rich Mira variables are luminous, ubiquitous, NIR and IR standard candles and present a particularly compelling path forward to studying the tension in the era of JWST. Here, we propose to use the high angular resolution and infrared coverage of NIRCam to simultaneously refine the Mira-based distance ladder and re-examine Cepheid crowding in the Type Ia Supernova host galaxy M101. This will allow us to verify the Cepheid results by using an independent ladder subject to different systematics, and by directly reanalyzing the Cepheids in M101. In this joint proposal consisting of one epoch of JWST NIRCam and three epochs of coordinated HST WFC3/IR and ACS observations, we will (1) de-blend the backgrounds of known Cepheids and Miras in M101, (2) improve Mira spectral type classification, and (3) study the effect of dust and mass loss on the Mira PLR. The three HST epochs will allow us to phase the single-epoch JWST observations to mean magnitude and produce Mira PLR in JWST bands for the first time. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Observations Description ------------------------ We propose to observe Cepheids and Mira candidates in the nearby SN Ia host galaxy, M101, with NIRCam in 6 filters (F115W, F150W, F182M, F277W, F356W, and F444W). The observations will be taken in a single epoch. We also request 3 coordinated orbits (split into 3 epochs) of HST observations, one prior to, and one after the JWST obsservations. For HST, we propose WFC3/IR observations (in F160W and F110W filters) and parallel ACS F555W observations to determine the phases of the Miras and Cepheids respectively at the time of the JWST observations. 17312( 10) - 02-Aug-2024 20:49:19 - [ 2] These observations will allow us to produce Mira PLRs in the NIRCam filters, uncrowd the backgrounds of Cepheids and Miras previously observed in M101, improve our spectral classification of Miras, and reduce the uncertainty in the Hubble constant measurements of both methods. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 17312( 10) - 02-Aug-2024 20:49:19 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SN-2011FE GALAXY, SPIRAL RA=14H03M5.7110S, J2000 V = 10.06 DEC=+54D16'25.22" Reference Frame: Other: SIMBAD Comments: This object was generated by the targetselector and retrieved from the SIMBAD database. Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) 2000 0.0 0.0 0.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 17312( 10) - 02-Aug-2024 20:49:19 - [ 4] Visit: 01 (M101 - 01) Visit Requirements: ORIENT 95D TO 115 D; BETWEEN 28-JUN-2023:00:00:00 AND 01-AUG-2023:00:00:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SN-2011FE WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W NSAMP=15, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS50 1 DEF POS TARG 0, 0; GS ACQ CUM (702.939 SCENARIO PAIR; PAR 2 S) WITH 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 ANY ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F555W 1 520 S (520 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 SN-2011FE WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W NSAMP=14, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS50 1 DEF POS TARG 0.542, 0.182; CUM (652.938 GS ACQ SCENARIO PAIR; S) PAR 4 WITH 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 ANY ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F555W 1 560 S (560 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 SN-2011FE WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W NSAMP=14, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS50 1 DEF POS TARG 0.339, 55.485; CUM (652.938 GS ACQ SCENARIO PAIR; S) PAR 6 WITH 5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 ANY ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F555W 1 560 S (560 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 SN-2011FE WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W NSAMP=14, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS50 1 DEF POS TARG -0.203, 55.303; CUM (652.938 GS ACQ SCENARIO PAIR; S) PAR 8 WITH 7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 ANY ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F555W 1 560 S (560 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SN-2011FE 1 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W none none none none 1 N/A CUM ANY 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F555W none none none none 1 N/A SN-2011FE 3 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W none none none none 1 N/A CUM ANY 4 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F555W none none none none 1 N/A SN-2011FE 5 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W none none none none 1 N/A CUM 17312( 10) - 02-Aug-2024 20:49:19 - [ 5] Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ANY 6 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F555W none none none none 1 N/A SN-2011FE 7 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W none none none none 1 N/A CUM ANY 8 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F555W none none none none 1 N/A 17312( 10) - 02-Aug-2024 20:49:19 - [ 6] Visit: 02 (M101 - 02) Visit Requirements: ORIENT 85D TO 125 D; AFTER 01; BEFORE 31-DEC-2024:00:00:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SN-2011FE WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W NSAMP=13, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS50 1 DEF POS TARG 0, 0; GS ACQ CUM (602.938 SCENARIO PAIR; PAR 2 S) WITH 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 ANY ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F555W 1 460 S (460 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 SN-2011FE WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W NSAMP=7, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS100 1 DEF POS TARG 0.542, 0.182; CUM (602.934 GS ACQ SCENARIO PAIR; S) PAR 4 WITH 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 ANY ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F555W 1 505 S (505 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 SN-2011FE WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W NSAMP=12, SAMP-SEQ=STEP100 1 DEF POS TARG 0.339, 55.485; CUM (599.232 GS ACQ SCENARIO PAIR; S) PAR 6 WITH 5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 ANY ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F555W 1 505 S (505 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 SN-2011FE WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W NSAMP=12, SAMP-SEQ=STEP100 1 DEF POS TARG -0.203, 55.303; CUM (599.232 GS ACQ SCENARIO PAIR; S) PAR 8 WITH 7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 ANY ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F555W 1 500 S (500 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SN-2011FE 1 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W none none none none 1 N/A CUM ANY 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F555W none none none none 1 N/A SN-2011FE 3 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W none none none none 1 N/A CUM ANY 4 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F555W none none none none 1 N/A SN-2011FE 5 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W none none none none 1 N/A CUM 17312( 10) - 02-Aug-2024 20:49:19 - [ 7] Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ANY 6 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F555W none none none none 1 N/A SN-2011FE 7 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W none none none none 1 N/A CUM ANY 8 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F555W none none none none 1 N/A 17312( 10) - 02-Aug-2024 20:49:19 - [ 8] Visit: 03 (M101 - 01) Visit Requirements: ORIENT 82D TO 128 D; AFTER 02 BY 3 D TO 365 D; BETWEEN 30-JUN-2024:00:00:00 AND 2024.235:00:00:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SN-2011FE WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W NSAMP=13, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS50 1 DEF POS TARG 0, 0; GS ACQ CUM (602.938 SCENARIO PAIR; PAR 2 S) WITH 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 ANY ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F555W 1 460 S (460 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 SN-2011FE WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W NSAMP=7, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS100 1 DEF POS TARG 0.542, 0.182; CUM (602.934 GS ACQ SCENARIO PAIR; S) PAR 4 WITH 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 ANY ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F555W 1 505 S (505 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 SN-2011FE WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W NSAMP=12, SAMP-SEQ=STEP100 1 DEF POS TARG 0.339, 55.485; CUM (599.232 GS ACQ SCENARIO PAIR; S) PAR 6 WITH 5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 ANY ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F555W 1 505 S (505 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 SN-2011FE WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W NSAMP=12, SAMP-SEQ=STEP100 1 DEF POS TARG -0.203, 55.303; CUM (599.232 GS ACQ SCENARIO PAIR; S) PAR 8 WITH 7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 ANY ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F555W 1 500 S (500 S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SN-2011FE 1 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W none none none none 1 N/A CUM ANY 2 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F555W none none none none 1 N/A SN-2011FE 3 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W none none none none 1 N/A CUM ANY 4 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F555W none none none none 1 N/A 17312( 10) - 02-Aug-2024 20:49:19 - [ 9] Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SN-2011FE 5 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W none none none none 1 N/A CUM ANY 6 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F555W none none none none 1 N/A SN-2011FE 7 WFC3/IR MULTIAC IR F160W none none none none 1 N/A CUM ANY 8 ACS/WFC ACCUM WFCENTER F555W none none none none 1 N/A 17312( 10) - 02-Aug-2024 20:49:19 - [ 10] Summary Form for Proposal 17312 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures IR, WFCENTER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations ACS/WFC, WFC3/IR ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACCUM, MULTIACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters NSAMP=12, NSAMP=13, NSAMP=14, NSAMP=15, NSAMP=7, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS100, SAMP-SEQ=SPARS50, SAMP-SEQ=STEP100 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements AFTER 01, AFTER 02 BY 3 D TO 365 D, BEFORE 31-DEC-2024:00:00:00, BETWEEN 28-JUN-2023:00:00:00 AND 01-AUG-2023:00:00:00, BETWEEN 30-JUN-2024:00:00:00 AND 2024.235:00:00:00, GS ACQ SCENARIO PAIR, ORIENT 82D TO 128 D, ORIENT 85D TO 125 D, ORIENT 95D TO 115 D, PAR 2 WITH 1, PAR 4 WITH 3, PAR 6 WITH 5, PAR 8 WITH 7, POS TARG -0.203, 55.303, POS TARG 0, 0, POS TARG 0.339, 55.485, POS TARG 0.542, 0.182 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F160W, F555W ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names ANY, SN-2011FE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------