17485( 4) - 17-Jun-2024 21:12:25 - [ 1] HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVING PROGRAM 17485 Version: 4 Check-in Time: 17-Jun-2024 21:12:25 STScI Edit Number: 1 Title Dissecting Red geyser winds: low luminosity AGNs with large scale outflows in the ionized phase ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Type Cycle GO 31 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Investigators Contact? PI: Namrata Roy The Johns Hopkins University Y CoI: Timothy M. Heckman The Johns Hopkins University N CoI: Dr. Alaina L. Henry Space Telescope Science Institute N CoI: Dr. Kevin A. Bundy University of California - Santa Cruz N CoI: Dr. Xinfeng Xu Northwestern University N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract Spatially resolved optical spectroscopy from ground-based SDSS-MaNGA survey has recently discovered a new class of early-type galaxies - known as red geysers, that show signatures of large-scale active galactic nuclei (AGN) driven winds in the ionized gas phase. These are exciting candidates for black hole feedback driven by radiatively inefficient AGNs in quiescent galaxies. However, MaNGA's spatial resolution is relatively low (1-2 kpc), and is thus insufficient to probe the ionized winds close to the vicinity of the AGN. We propose a small program of 5 orbits to observe the ionized gas in a prototypical red geyser that is interacting with a companion galaxy using a combination of narrowband filters of the HST WFC3/UVIS instrument. This HST observation will be complemented by a large set of existing datasets from SDSS-MaNGA, Gemini GMOS, LOFAR (radio), and Keck ESI. Using HST, we will obtain an order-of-magnitude increase in the spatial resolution of ionized gas, traced by H-alpha, [OIII], [NII], and H-beta emission lines, using four narrowband filters. Our study will open a new window for studying low luminosity AGN-driven winds in early-type galaxies. We will be able to exploit the extremely high angular resolution of HST to probe length scales down to a few tens of pc zooming in close to the black hole, which is impossible to resolve using ground-based observations. The simultaneously large field of view will help us capture the complete picture of this fascinating interacting galaxy with winds. This study will serve as a pilot study on the red geyser sample, which will be supplemented in the future with additional objects with diverse characteristics. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Observations Description ------------------------ ## Our target ### Tha main science goal of our proposal is to study outflowing ionized winds in a nearby (z = 0.0245) quiescent (Early type) galaxy called "red geyser". This galaxy hosts a Low luminosity AGN and shows large scale biconical outflows with ground-based IFU data from MaNGA survey. Using HST narrowband filters, we will be able to spatially resolve the outflow near the center with a resolution of 0.1'' or equivalent. 17485( 4) - 17-Jun-2024 21:12:25 - [ 2] ### choice of filters ###### We are proposing to observe a red geyser at z=0.0245 using WFC3-UVIS narrow-band and broadband imaging. We will use 4 NB filters FQ672N, F673N, FQ508N, and FQ492N which are uniquely suited to capture Ha, [NII], [OIII]5007, and Hb nebular emission lines at the redshift of our source. While FQ672N, FQ508N, and FQ492N quad filters suitably cover the wavelength range around the Ha, [OIII]5007 and Hbeta emission lines for our red geyser target, the F673N filter cover both Ha and [NII]6584. We will subtract the Ha (obtained from FQ672N) from the Ha+[NII] (obtained from F673N) to get the pure [NII] image. The emission lines will trace the ionized gas properties. The filters are chosen such that the NB filters have bandpasses that span the range of velocities we expect to observe in the lines. Among those 4 filters, the three quad Filters FQ672N, FQ508N, and FQ492N will be placed centered on the red geyser. But filter F673N has a larger field of view and will be placed enclosing both the red geyser and its companion galaxy. So, it will be placed at the optimal position between the red geyser and the companion galaxy. We will use broadband filters F775W and F475W to detect the stellar continuum that will enable continuum subtraction from emission line measurements. ## exposure time ####### We want to observe the ionized gas in the nuclear region of our target with a sufficient angular resolution of 0.1'' while simultaneously catching the low surface brightness emission in the outskirts at a radial distance > 5 kpc. Hence, to compute the exposure time, we aim for an emission line detection per resolution element with a minimum signal to noise of 3 at a ~5 kpc radial distance from the center. We estimate exposure times based on existing integral field spectroscopy from MaNGA data. Based on MaNGA data, the average Ha (integrated line) flux from our target within an aperture of diameter 3'' at a radial distance of 4 kpc from the center is 8*10^-16 ergs/s/cm2/arcsec2. Using the ETC, we find that the exposure time needed to detect a single Ha line within an extraction aperture of 0.1'' at a radial distance of 5 kpc using WFC3 at an S/N ~3 is 43 minutes. This will give us S/N > 12 per pixel within the central 2 kpc * 2kpc region. To increase the S/N ratio for regions with inadequate flux, particularly towards the outskirts, we will adopt optimal Voronoi binning. We request 3 exposures / dithers for each narrowband filter for robust cosmic-ray removal. Including overheads, this amount to 1 orbit being requested per narrowband filter. Additionally, We will split 1 orbit between the two broadband filters. For the 2 broadband filters, we will use a 2-point dither pattern.Thus, This gives a total of 5 orbits for the complete set of narrow- and wide-band images for our red geyser. Reduction of gyros will have no effect on our program. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 17485( 4) - 17-Jun-2024 21:12:25 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SDSSJ090421. GALAXY, ELLIPTICAL, RA=09H04M21.4844S +/- 0.337", J2000 u = 17.04, g = 15.12, r = 14.17, i = 50+412854.2 INTERACTING GALAXY, DEC=+41D28'54.12" +/- 0.156" 13.67, z = 13.37 LINER, WIND Reference Frame: ICRS Extended: YES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SDSSJ090421. GALAXY, ELLIPTICAL, RA=09H04M24.7000S, J2000 u = 17.04, g = 15.12, r = 14.17, i = 50+412854.2- INTERACTING GALAXY, DEC=+41D28'52.90" 13.67, z = 13.37 OFFSET LINER, TIDAL TAIL, WIND Reference Frame: ICRS Extended: YES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 17485( 4) - 17-Jun-2024 21:12:25 - [ 4] Patterns ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pattern_Number: 1 Primary_Pattern Secondary_Pattern Pattern_Type WFC3-UVIS-DITHER-LINE-3PT Pattern_Purpose DITHER Number_Of_Points 3 Point_Spacing 0.135 Line_Spacing Coordinate_Frame POS-TARG Pattern_Orient 46.84 Angle_Between_Sides Center_Pattern NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pattern_Number: 2 Primary_Pattern Secondary_Pattern Pattern_Type WFC3-UVIS-DITHER-LINE Pattern_Purpose DITHER Number_Of_Points 2 Point_Spacing 0.145 Line_Spacing Coordinate_Frame POS-TARG Pattern_Orient 46.84 Angle_Between_Sides Center_Pattern NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 17485( 4) - 17-Jun-2024 21:12:25 - [ 5] Visit: 01 (quad filters) Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SDSSJ090421 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUAD FQ672N FLASH=15 1 849 S PATTERN 1 1 .50+412854. S -FIX (2547 S) 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SDSSJ090421 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUAD FQ508N FLASH=15 1 847 S PATTERN 1 2 .50+412854. S -FIX (2541 S) 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 SDSSJ090421 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUAD FQ492N FLASH=15 1 847 S PATTERN 1 3 .50+412854. S -FIX (2541 S) 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SDSSJ090421.50+4128 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUA FQ672N 1 none none none 1 N/A 54.2 S D-FIX SDSSJ090421.50+4128 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUA FQ672N 2 none none none 1 N/A 54.2 S D-FIX SDSSJ090421.50+4128 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUA FQ672N 3 none none none 1 N/A 54.2 S D-FIX SDSSJ090421.50+4128 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUA FQ508N 1 none none none 2 N/A 54.2 S D-FIX SDSSJ090421.50+4128 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUA FQ508N 2 none none none 2 N/A 54.2 S D-FIX SDSSJ090421.50+4128 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUA FQ508N 3 none none none 2 N/A 54.2 S D-FIX SDSSJ090421.50+4128 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUA FQ492N 1 none none none 3 N/A 54.2 S D-FIX SDSSJ090421.50+4128 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUA FQ492N 2 none none none 3 N/A 54.2 S D-FIX SDSSJ090421.50+4128 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-QUA FQ492N 3 none none none 3 N/A 54.2 S D-FIX 17485( 4) - 17-Jun-2024 21:12:25 - [ 6] Visit: 02 (broadband filters) Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SDSSJ090421 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F673N FLASH=15 1 847 S PATTERN 1 1 .50+412854. S ER (2541 S) 2-OFFSET ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SDSSJ090421 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F775W FLASH=9 1 595 S PATTERN 2 2 .50+412854. S ER (1190 S) 2-OFFSET ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 SDSSJ090421 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F475W FLASH=8 1 595 S PATTERN 2 3 .50+412854. S ER (1190 S) 2-OFFSET ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SDSSJ090421.50+4128 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F673N 1 none none none 1 N/A 54.2-OFFSET S TER SDSSJ090421.50+4128 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F673N 2 none none none 1 N/A 54.2-OFFSET S TER SDSSJ090421.50+4128 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F673N 3 none none none 1 N/A 54.2-OFFSET S TER SDSSJ090421.50+4128 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F775W 1 none none none 2 N/A 54.2-OFFSET S TER SDSSJ090421.50+4128 2 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F775W 2 none none none 2 N/A 54.2-OFFSET S TER SDSSJ090421.50+4128 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F475W 1 none none none 2 N/A 54.2-OFFSET S TER SDSSJ090421.50+4128 3 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F475W 2 none none none 2 N/A 54.2-OFFSET S TER 17485( 4) - 17-Jun-2024 21:12:25 - [ 7] Visit: 52 (broadband filter repeat) Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Repeat of Exposure ID IF7Y02010 corresponding to visit 02. Three sub-exposures with Filter F673N. Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| (Total) | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SDSSJ090421 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CENT F673N FLASH=15 1 795 S PATTERN 1 1 .50+412854. S ER (2385 S) 2-OFFSET ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target | Exp |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Cent.|Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit |Duration Name | Num |Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Wave.|Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num |Number | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SDSSJ090421.50+4128 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F673N 1 none none none 1 N/A 54.2-OFFSET S TER SDSSJ090421.50+4128 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F673N 2 none none none 1 N/A 54.2-OFFSET S TER SDSSJ090421.50+4128 1 WFC3/UVI ACCUM UVIS-CEN F673N 3 none none none 1 N/A 54.2-OFFSET S TER 17485( 4) - 17-Jun-2024 21:12:25 - [ 8] Summary Form for Proposal 17485 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures UVIS-CENTER, UVIS-QUAD-FIX ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations WFC3/UVIS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters FLASH=15, FLASH=8, FLASH=9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements PATTERN 1 1, PATTERN 1 2, PATTERN 1 3, PATTERN 2 2, PATTERN 2 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F475W, F673N, F775W, FQ492N, FQ508N, FQ672N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names SDSSJ090421.50+412854.2, SDSSJ090421.50+412854.2-OFFSET ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------