Page 1 PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID 5367 Report Date: 18-Jul-95:17:14 Version: ********** Check-in Date: ********** 1.Proposal Title: "SUB--ARCSECOND STRUCTURE OF OPTICAL JETS AND ITS ORIGIN" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Scientific Category 3. Proposal For 4. Proposal Type 5. Continuation ID INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM GO Sub Category HERBIG-HARO OBJECTS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Principal Investigator Institution Country Telephone John Raymond 2166 USA 617-495-7416 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Abstract Direct narrow band images of the jet-like HH 32 (Herbig-Haro) object taken with the Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 will be used to test predictions from theoretical models. We propose to take advantage of the high sensitivity and high angular resolution provided by this camera to resolve the detailed morphology of the knots along the body of the jet in emission lines of different excitation. Both the characteristics of individual knots (e.g., excitation, positions, spacings, and sizes along and across the outflow axis measured in the three emission lines) and possible trends of these characteristics as a function of distance from the source will provide a new and unique insight on the origin of the knotty structure. This will help to discriminate among a wide range of proposed theoretical possibilities, through detailed comparisons between the observational results and analytic and numerical models which we have developed in the recent past. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9. Est obs time (hours) pri: 3.50 par: 0 10. Num targs pri: 1 par: 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Instruments requested: WF/PC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Page 2 I. GENERAL FORM Proposal 5367 PI: John Raymond Proposal Title: "SUB--ARCSECOND STRUCTURE OF OPTICAL JETS AND ITS ORIGIN" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. Proposers: Proposers Institution Country ESA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ John Raymond 2166 USA Salvador Curiel 2166 USA Alejandro Raga 8046 UK Alberto Noriega-Crespo 3760 USA Susana Biro 8046 UK ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3. Description of proposed observations. We request time to observe one optical jet (HH 32) using the WFPC2 camera. This camera provides a field of view and resolution that will allow us to study in detail the morphology of individual knots, and at the same time to cover the main body of the jet in single frames, including a number of stars that can be used to align the images. Halpha, [S II] and [N II] narrow band images will be obtained for each object. A broad band continuum image will also be obtained for this jet, which will be used to subtract the continuum emission from the line images. Since the bright portions of this jet is only ~30''long, only four images will be needed to study the knotty structure along the main body. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4. Justification of need for HST observations. Recent observational results have shown that under conditions of excellent seeing (~0.6''-0.8'' FWHM) and using deconvolution techniques, angular resolutions of about 0.4''-0.6'' can be reached with ground-based observations. However, this extraordinary resolution is not enough to properly resolve most of the knots on optical jets (with sizes between ~0.3'' and 0.8''), which is necessary in order to establish their nature. The mapping of optical jets in the light of several lines with an angular resolution of ~0.1'', can provide detailed information of individual knots (e.g., morphologies, ionization gradients, and offsets between the knot positions in different emission lines) that can be directly compared with predictions from numerical simulations. At present, this angular resolution can only be achieved with the HST. The HST provides an angular resolution that is better by at least a factor of four compared to ground-based observations. Single Halpha, [S II] 6717+31 and [N II] 6583 narrow band, and broad band continuum images will be obtained for the HH 32 jet. The bright knots in this jet have fluxes of about 15, 30 and 15 times 10^{-14} erg cm^{-2} s^{-1} (same units hereafter) for Halpha, [S II] and [N II] (Hartigan etal. 1986, AJ, 91, 1357) respectively, with typical sizes of 1 arcsec^2. On the other hand, the fainter structures that we want to study have fluxes of about 0.2 for the same three lines. The required sensitivity per pixel for this jet can be achieved in about 4000 seconds of integration time at Halpha, [S II] and [N II]. With these integration times, the expected SNR values per pixel are between 9 and 100 in Halpha and [N II], and and between 8 and 140 in [S II]. These values were obtained assuming that the knots are smooth. We estimate that an integration time of 1000 seconds will be required for the continuum image to properly subtract the continuum emission from the line images. Therefore, we request 3.5 hrs of integration time for the HH 32 jet (before the efficiency factor is taken into account). Page 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Description of special scheduling requirements. The HH32 jet has an orientation angle of PA=72.4 deg from North to West and a size of about 40'' (it fits in a single WF CCD). Since there is a bright star (mv=12.46) close to the center of the field, we will use the CLOCKS=YES option to suppress intercolumn bleeding. Please use CCD with read out nearly perpendicular to PA to avoid problems with the blooming of the CCD, or, schedule such that the readout of WF3 is nearly perpendicular to the jet. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Description of special calibration exposures. No spetial calibration requirements. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8. Additional comments or special requests. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9. Description of previous HST work. 1.- J.C. Raymond and S. Curiel have received previous HST observing time on the following programs: {GO 4674.} Co-I on ''Molecular Emission in HH 47'', HIGH priority time: J.C. Raymond, PI. {GO 4428.} Co-I on ''Sub-arcsecond Structure of Optical Jets'', SUPPLEMENTAL time: J.C. Raymond, PI. These observations have not been carried out yet. 2.- J.C. Raymond has also received previous HST observing time on the following programs: {GO 2243.} Co-I on ''Shock Wave Structures of Herbig-Haro Objects'', R. Schwartz, PI. {GO 2356.} Co-I on ''Identification of Super Nova Remnants in M83 and other Spiral Galaxies'', K. Long, P.I. {GO 3683.} Co-I on '' Accretion Disk Mapping in Eclipsing Cataclysmic Variables'', K. Horne, PI. Results from GO 2243 have been submitted for publication in AJ. (Schwartz etal. 1993, to appear in AJ). Data acquisition and analysis are partially complete on GO 2356 and 3683. Publications: Hubble Space Telescope Images of Herbig-Haro Object No. 2, R.D. Schuartz etal., AJ, 106, 740. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10. Resources to be supplied by investigator's institution(s). CFA will provide a SUN SPARCstation II class workstation for the exclusive use of the PI and Co-I on this project. CFA will also provide access to other SUN SPARCstations I and II to support the data reduction. We have developed numerical codes to calculate the structure of plane-parallel shock waves, and the characteristics of stationary and non-stationary jets (see item 2). With these codes, we will be able to calculate the line emission that arises from different theoretical possibilities. We will compare the observational results with those obtained from these theoretical models. A.C. Raga and S. Biro have a SUN SPARCstation II that will be used in most of the numerical simulations. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Address Information Name: John Raymond Category: PI Institution: 2166 Address: Center for Astrophysics 60 Garden Street (MS 15) City: Cambridge State: MA Zip Code: 02138 Country: USA Telephone: 617-495-7416 Telex (or e-mail): 921428 Satelite CAM ; raymond@cfa.harvard ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Name: Category: CON Institution: Address: City: State: Zip Code: Country: Telephone: Telex (or e-mail): ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET LIST a) Fixed Targets ID = 5367 [ 4] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial |Acqui|FLX| Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. |Prblm|REF| | | | | | | | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 HH32 HH32- G,501,907,929 PLATE-ID=02V0, 1950 1 SURF-LINE(6563) = 15+/-5E-14 JET RA = 19H 18M 09.41S +/- 1 SIZE = 1+/-0.3 1.0", 2 SURF-LINE(6731) = 30+/-5E-14 DEC = 10D 56' 14.7" +/- 1.0" 2 SIZE = 1+/-0.3 3 SURF-LINE(6576) = 15+/-5E-14 3 SIZE = 1+/-0.3 4 SURF-CONT(6638) = 6+/-5E-15 4 SIZE = 1+/-0.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 5367 [ 5] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 HH32 WFPC2 IMAGE WF3-FIX F675W CLOCKS=YES 1 1700S 12 4 1 CYCLE 4 CR-SPLIT=0.5 1600S SEQ 1-4 NO GAP CR- ORIENT 152D +/-15D TOLERANCE=0.0 Comments: THE ORIENTATION OF THE JET IS PA=72.4 DEG FROM NORTH TO WEST. USE CCD WITH READ OUT PERPENDICULAR TO PA TO AVOID PROBLEMS WITH THE BLOOMING OF THE CCD. THERE IS A BRIGHT STAR IN THE CENTER (MV=12.5). ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 HH32 WFPC2 IMAGE WF3-FIX F656N CLOCKS=YES 2 2000S 100 1 1 CYCLE 4 CR-SPLIT=NO 4000S SAME POS FOR 2-4 AS 1 Comments: THE ORIENTATION OF THE JET IS PA=72.4 DEG FROM NORTH TO WEST. USE CCD WITH READ OUT PERPENDICULAR TO PA TO AVOID PROBLEMS WITH THE BLOOMING OF THE CCD. THERE IS A BRIGHT STAR IN THE CENTER (MV=12.5). ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 HH32 WFPC2 IMAGE WF3-FIX F673N CLOCKS=YES 2 2000S 150 2 1 CYCLE 4 CR-SPLIT=NO 4000S Comments: THE ORIENTATION OF THE JET IS PA=72.4 DEG FROM NORTH TO WEST. USE CCD WITH READ OUT PERPENDICULAR TO PA TO AVOID PROBLEMS WITH THE BLOOMING OF THE CCD. THERE IS A BRIGHT STAR IN THE CENTER (MV=12.5). ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 HH32 WFPC2 IMAGE WF3-FIX F658N CLOCKS=YES 2 2000S 100 3 1 CYCLE 4 CR-SPLIT=NO 4000S Comments: THE ORIENTATION OF THE JET IS PA=72.4 DEG FROM NORTH TO WEST. USE CCD WITH READ OUT PERPENDICULAR TO PA TO AVOID PROBLEMS WITH THE BLOOMING OF THE CCD. THERE IS A BRIGHT STAR IN THE CENTER (MV=12.5). ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Summary Form for Proposal 5367 [ 6] Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations WFPC2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes IMAGE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters CLOCKS=YES CR-SPLIT=0.5 CR-TOLERANCE=0.0 CR-SPLIT=NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal for GO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ S/C Hours 3.50 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Category INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Sub-category HERBIG-HARO OBJECTS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements CYCLE 4; SEQ 1-4 NO GAP; ORIENT 152D +/-15D SAME POS FOR 2-4 AS 1 CYCLE 4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F675W F656N F673N F658N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names HH32 HH32-JET ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------