Page   1
    PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS   ST ScI Use Only
                                                       ID 5378
                                                       Report Date: 18-Jul-95:17:16
                                                       Version: **********
                                                       Check-in Date: **********

1.Proposal Title:
MORPHOLOGICAL EVOLUTION OF GALAXIES IN CLUSTERS  AT Z = 0.5
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. Scientific Category   3. Proposal For  4. Proposal Type        5. Continuation ID
GALAXIES & CLUSTERS         GO                                       <none>
Sub Category
DISTANT GALAXIES
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6. Principal Investigator   Institution                    Country    Telephone
 Alan  Dressler             3030                           USA        818-304-0245

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7. Abstract
Our program is intended to study galaxy evolution through the investigation of
galaxy morphology and spectrophotometry as a function of lookback time. Cycle 1 and
2 observations made by two teams represented in this proposal have demonstrated
HST's unique potential for providing detailed morphological information for galaxies
in clusters at z = 0.5.  Such data are applicable to basic questions such as the
development of disks and bulges, and the role mergers and interactions, and other
environmental influences on the evolution of structure and stellar populations. Both
teams made Cycle 1 and 2 observations that are described here.  However, the
combination of the SA problem and reduced time allocations severely limited the
scope of both programs; thus, we request consideration under the Precedents Policy
for originally approved Cycle 1 programs. We use our earlier results to demonstrate
the feasibility of our program, pointing out the interesting but ambiguous nature of
what has been learned to this point.  In order to better understand the processes at
work and and their range, we propose a more extensive program which includes a wider
representation of cluster environments, adds color information, and reaches to
higher redshifts.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9. Est obs time (hours) pri: 41.42    par: 0       10. Num targs pri: 8      par: 0
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11. Instruments requested:  WF/PC
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                  Page   2
I. GENERAL FORM    Proposal 5378
PI:  Alan  Dressler
Proposal Title:
MORPHOLOGICAL EVOLUTION OF GALAXIES IN CLUSTERS  AT Z = 0.5
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1. Proposers:
Proposers                        Institution                       Country       ESA
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Alan Dressler                   3030                              USA
 Harvey Butcher                  6880                              NETHERLANDS    X
 Warrick Couch                   4145                              AUSTRALIA
 Richard Ellis                   8014                              UK             X
 Augustus, Jr. Oemler            3900                              USA
 Ray Sharples                    8018                              UK             X
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  3. Description of proposed observations.
  We will observe 8 fields in rich clusters of galaxies covering the redshift
 range 0.37 < z < 0.55.  These fields contain a range of environments and
 properties.  We will image these fields with WFC-2 multiple-orbit exposures that
 will later be coadded to achieve sufficient signal-to-noise ratio for
 morphological classification.  Field centers and boundaries are chosen with to
 ground-based spectroscopic and photometric studies of galaxies over the entire
 field. HST-WFC-2 observations will be 4-7 coadded single-orbit exposures of of
 2000-2200 s, in a broad-band color roughly corresponding to rest-frame V, and,
 for some fields, additional exposures in a band corresponding to rest-frame U.
 The range in exposure time will (partially) compensate for the degradation in
 signal-to-noise ratio due to increasing redshift.  Color maps will be constructed
 to study the distribution of star formation.  Morphological classifications will
 be done primarily from the rest-frame V images (this corresponds closely with the
 traditional bandpass used for low-redshift galaxy classifications) but we will
 attempt adding both bands to see if the increased signal-to-noise and bluer color
 aids in the determination of galaxy type.   According to the convention for WFPC-
 2, coordinates as given in the FIXED TARGETS positions are shifted by POS TARG
 +10,+10 to bring the center to the apex of the pyramid.  Exposures for a given
 field and a given color are split into two groups with a shift introduced of
 +2,+2 arcseconds, in order to displace objects situated on CCD defects or on the
 seams of the pyramid.  Thus, POS TARG +12,+12 corresponds to the second group.
 CR-SPLIT=NO for all observations with more than 5 orbits, since in those cases
 there are sufficient multiple exposures to perform cosmic ray rejection. Orient
 angles are generally not critical, but some attempt has been made to maximize the
 number of "active" galaxies covered by the WFPC-2 field, and to take some
 advantage of the PC chip, and to minimize the disadvantage of its smaller field.
 The most important factor is to keep the ORIENT ANGLE the *SAME* for all
 observations of a target, so that the same objects are sampled in all exposures
 and to simplify coadding of the images.
                                                                  Page   3
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  4. Justification of need for HST observations.
  Typical morphological classifications for galaxies at low redshift have better
 than 1 kiloparsec resolution.  In his study of 55 rich cluster, Dressler (1980
 ApJS 42) was able to achieve reliable classifications for approximately 6000
 galaxies in rich clusters, out to a redshift of z = 0.05, at which point the
 resolution with 1.0 arcsecond seeing was slightly better than a kiloparsec. The
 best ground-based imaging for faint objects, R > 19, has achieved 0.4 arcseconds
 FWHM with image stabilization, but this amounts to approximately 3 kpc at z =
 0.5, too crude for reliable classification.  The HST is the only instrument that
 can provide the ~= 0.1 arcsecond FWHM imaging that can achieve sub-kiloparsec
 resolution for galaxies at z = 0.5 to allow comparable morphological
 classifications to low-redshift galaxies.  The Wide-Field Camera, by virtue of
 its comparatively large field, makes feasible a study of clusters of galaxies
 which contain many galaxies, allowing statistical samples to be assembled.   The
 time requested reflects the need for a substantial number of fields (8) and the
 need for long exposures to achieve sufficient signal-to- noise ratios for
 morphological classification.  The case for 8 different fields is justified by
 the need to sample a range of cluster types and environments, as explained in
 Section 2. Exposures of between 140 to 245 minutes are necessary to accumulate
 sufficient signal-to-noise ratios for accurate morphological classification of
 galaxies in clusters at 0.35 < z < 0.55.  These correspond to 4-7 orbit
 (typically 2100 s per orbit) exposures, depending on the redshift.    The range
 of 4 to 7 orbits reflects an attempt to partially compensate for the decrease in
 signal-to-noise ratio with increasing redshift, again based on simulations. In
 summary, then, the Cycle 1 and 2 observations confirmed our original estimates of
 4-6 orbit exposures for WFC-1, slightly augmented to account for the loss of
 efficiency in WFC-2. The above calculations refer to our F702W and F814W
 exposures.  We are also imaging some of the cluster fields in F555W as well, to
 acquire color information.  Because of the lower efficiency in F555W and the
 generally lower fluxes in the ultraviolet for cluster galaxies, we expect that
 these exposures will go much less deep in an equivalent time.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  5. Description of special scheduling requirements.
  To allow for timely data reduction & analysis, we request the following: Do all
 exposures PER TARGET in this program within 7 days. ( This limit may be relaxed
 if necessary so long as the essential goal of having all exposures of the science
 target, made at the SAME ORIENT, is met, and that the preferable ORIENT angle is
 used. We chose these angles pretty carefully to minimize the effect of the
 smaller PC FOV.) The maintenance of the same ORIENT is important for field
 coverage and frame coadding. Exposures of 2000-2200 s are made in two groups, one
 or, in some cases, two colors.  For the first group the Fixed Target List
 coordinates are placed at the apex of the WFPC-2 pyramid by POS TARG +10,+10. For
 a second group POS TARG +12,+12 moves all objects +2,+2 arcseconds, so that
 objects are displaced from CCD defects and objects formerly on the seams of the
 pyramid are revealed.  CR-SPLIT=NO is used when six or more orbits are taken,
 since this provides sufficient frames for cosmic ray rejection, but CR-SPLIT=0.5
 is used when 5 or fewer frames are taken, along with CR-TOLERANCE=0.0 in order to
 keep the exposure times split evenly to facilitate the removal of cosmic rays,
 etc.  Please contact the PI as soon as possible if any of the links in this
 program have been or are to be broken for purposes of implementation and/or
 scheduling, in case he has any alternative preferences, etc.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  6. Description of special calibration exposures.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  8. Additional comments or special requests.
                                                                  Page   4
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  9. Description of previous HST work.
  No. 2373/3857/4719 "Morphology of Galaxies in Clusters at z = 0.5" Cycles 1 and
 2; GO; Dressler, Butcher, Gunn, and Oemler No. 2600 "Cores of Early-Type
 Galaxies" Cycles 1 and 2; GO; Faber, Kormendy, Richstone, Tremaine, Lauer, and
 Dressler No. 2269 "Galaxy Populations in Intermediate Redshift Clusters Cycle 1;
 GO; Couch, Ellis, and Sharples No. 4072 "Star Formation Rates in Distant Cluster
 Galaxies" Cycle 2; GTO; Ellis, Couch, Sharples, and MacCay No. 4298 "Galaxy
 Populations in Intermediate Redshift Clusters" Cycle 3; GO; Couch, Ellis,
 Sharples, and Smail   Observations from 2373/3857/4719 and N2269 are the only
 relevant proposals with data (no data for 4072 and 4298 as of this writing). The
 results of these two programs are covered in Section 2 of this proposal. ``The
 Spectra and Morphology of Galaxies in High-Redshift Clusters'', Dressler, A., in
 ``Observational Cosmology'', eds. G. Chincarini et al., ASP Conference Series, in
 press. ``A Cluster of Nascent Galaxies at z=2?'', Dressler, A, Oemler, A. Jr.,
 Gunn, J. E., and Butcher, H., ApJ, 404, L45, 1993 ``Deep WFPC Imaging of the
 z=0.3 cluster AC114'' Sharples, R.M., Smail, I., Ellis, R.S., Couch, W.J.,
 Fitchett, M. and Jorgensen, H. E. in ``Science with the Hubble Space Telescope'',
 eds. Benvenuti, P. \& Schreier, E., ESO Conference and Workshop Proceedings 44,
 119-126 (1993). ``Morphological Studies of the Galaxy Populations in Distant
 Butcher-Oemler Clusters with HST'' Couch, W.J., Ellis, R.S., Sharples, R.M. and
 Smail, I. in ``Observational Cosmology'', eds. Chincarini, G. et al., ASP
 Conference Series, in press.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 10. Resources to be supplied by investigator's institution(s).
  Extensive data-analysis capabilities, including systems and software support,
 are provided by each of the five institutions represented here, with good
 networking capabilities between these systems. Partial support for students will
 be provided by Yale, Cambridge, Durham, and New South Wales, where appropriate.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11. Address Information
Name:  ALAN DRESSLER                                       Category: PI
Institution: 3030
Address:  THE OBSERVATORIES OF CIW
          813 SANTA BARBARA ST.
City: PASADENA                                  State: CA
Zip Code: 91101                                 Country: USA
Telephone: 818-304-0245
Telex (or e-mail): DRESSLER@OCIW.CALTECH.EDU
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TARGET LIST    a) Fixed Targets                                                                    ID = 5378             [  5]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 |     2      |           3           |              4             |  5     |   6    |  7  |              8
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tar|   Target   |         Target        |            Target          |Coord   | Radial |Acqui|FLX|     Flux data
No |    Name    |       Description     |           Position         |Eqnx    |  Vel.  |Prblm|REF|
   |            |                       |                            |        |        |     |   |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1   GAL-CLUS-    F,404,406               RA = 00H 15M 58.4S +/- 0.1S, 1950.0                  1   SURF(V) = 23.0 +/- 1.0
    001558+1609                          DEC = +16D 9' 7.0" +/- 1.0"
    CL0016+16
     Comments: THE FIELD CONTAINS MANY FAINT GALAXIES
             IN THE RANGE 21 < V < 25.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2   GAL-CLUS-    F,404,406               RA = 00H 54M 29.3S +/- 0.1S, 1950.0                  1   SURF(V) = 23.0 +/- 1.0
    005431-2756                          DEC = -27D 56' 44.0" +/-
    J1888.16CL                           1.0"
     Comments: THE FIELD CONTAINS MANY FAINT GALAXIES
             IN THE RANGE 21 < V < 25.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3   GAL-CLUS-    F,404,406               RA = 16H 01M 30.7S +/- 0.1S, 1950.0                  1   SURF(V) = 23.0 +/- 1.0
    160134+4254                          DEC = +42D 53' 47.0" +/-
    HOG CLUSTER                          1.0"
    16H-BETA-
    BETA
     Comments: THE FIELD CONTAINS MANY FAINT GALAXIES
             IN THE RANGE 21 < V < 25.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4   GAL-CLUS-    F,404,406               RA = 04H 12M 31.2S +/- 0.1S, 1950.0                  1   SURF(V) = 23.0 +/- 1.0
    041234-6558                          DEC = -65D 57' 49.9" +/-
    F1557-19TC                           1.0"
     Comments: THE FIELD CONTAINS MANY FAINT GALAXIES
             IN THE RANGE 21 < V < 25.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5   GAL-CLUS-    F,404                   RA = 14H 09M 32.3S +/- 0.1S, 1950.0                  1   SURF(V) = 23.0 +/- 1.0
    140933+5226                          DEC = +52D 26' 25.0" +/-
    3C295                                1.0"
    CLUSTER
     Comments: THE FIELD CONTAINS MANY FAINT GALAXIES
             IN THE RANGE 21 < V < 25.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6   GAL-CLUS-    F,404                   RA = 03H 03M 27.2S +/- 0.1S, 1950.0                  1   SURF(V) = 23.0 +/- 1.0
    030330+1706                          DEC = +17D 07' 44.0" +/-
    HOG CLUSTER                          1.0"
    3HCL2
     Comments: THE FIELD CONTAINS MANY FAINT GALAXIES
             IN THE RANGE 21 < V < 25.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7   GAL-CLUS-    F,404                   RA = 09H 39M 48.0S +/- 0.1S, 1950.0                  1   SURF(V) = 23.0 +/- 1.0
    093942+4713-                         DEC = +47D 09' 51.0" +/-
    FLD2 ABELL                           1.0"
    851
     Comments: THE FIELD CONTAINS MANY FAINT GALAXIES
             IN THE RANGE 21 < V < 25.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8   GAL-CLUS-    F,404                   RA = 02H 37M 28.6S +/- 0.1S, 1950.0                  1   SURF(V) = 23.0 +/- 1.0
    ABELL370-                            DEC = -01D 49' 36.0" +/-
    FLD2                                 1.0"
     Comments: THE FIELD CONTAINS MANY FAINT GALAXIES
             IN THE RANGE 21 < V < 25.
TARGET LIST    a) Fixed Targets                                                                    ID = 5378             [  6]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 |     2      |           3           |              4             |  5     |   6    |  7  |              8
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tar|   Target   |         Target        |            Target          |Coord   | Radial |Acqui|FLX|     Flux data
No |    Name    |       Description     |           Position         |Eqnx    |  Vel.  |Prblm|REF|
   |            |                       |                            |        |        |     |   |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
EXPOSURE LOGSHEET                                                                                  ID = 5378             [  7]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1      |   2   |      3    |  4   |   5   |   6   |    7   |   8   |       9       |10 |   11  |   12    |13 |14|        15
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Line  |  Seq  |   Target  |Instr | Oper. | Aper  |Spectral|Central|   Optional    |Num|  Time |   S/N   |Flx|Pr|     Special
 Number | Name  |    Name   |Config| Mode  |or FOV |Element |Waveln.|  Parameters   |Exp|       |Rel. Time|Ref|  |   Requirements
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.1              GAL-CLUS-   WFPC2  IMAGE   WFALL-  F814W            CR-SPLIT=NO     4   2100S                 1  CYCLE 4 / 1.1-1.4
                 001558+1609                FIX                                                                   POS TARG +10,+10
                                                                                                                  GROUP 1.1-1.4
                                                                                                                  WITHIN 7D
                                                                                                                  SAME ORIENT FOR
                                                                                                                  1.2-1.4 AS 1.1
     Comments: POS TARG +10,+10 PLACES TARGET                                                                     ORIENT 135D +/-
               COORDS ~AT APEX OF PYRAMID.                                                                        90D
               "GROUP WITHIN 7D" MAY BE
               RELAXED SO LONG AS BOTH "SAME
               ORIENT" AND "ABSOLUTE ORIENT"
               CONSTRAINTS CAN STILL BE MET
               VIA OFF-NOMINAL ROLL.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.2              GAL-CLUS-   WFPC2  IMAGE   WFALL-  F555W            CR-SPLIT=NO     3   2100S                 1  SAME POS FOR 1.2
                 001558+1609                FIX                                                                   AS 1.1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.3              GAL-CLUS-   WFPC2  IMAGE   WFALL-  F814W            CR-SPLIT=NO     4   2100S                 1  POS TARG +12,+12
                 001558+1609                FIX
     Comments: OFFSET 2 ARCSEC IN X AND 2
               ARCSEC IN Y TO DISPLACE OBJECTS
               FROM PIXEL DEFECTS AND FROM
               SEAMS OF PYRAMID
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.4              GAL-CLUS-   WFPC2  IMAGE   WFALL-  F555W            CR-SPLIT=NO     3   2100S                 1  SAME POS FOR 1.4
                 001558+1609                FIX                                                                   AS 1.3
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.1              GAL-CLUS-   WFPC2  IMAGE   WFALL-  F814W            CR-SPLIT=NO     4   2100S                 1  CYCLE 4 / 2.1-2.4
                 005431-2756                FIX                                                                   POS TARG +10,+10
                                                                                                                  GROUP 2.1-2.4
                                                                                                                  WITHIN 7D
                                                                                                                  SAME ORIENT FOR
                                                                                                                  2.2-2.4 AS 2.1
     Comments: POS TARG +10,+10 PLACES TARGET                                                                     ORIENT 300D +/-
               COORDS ~AT APEX OF PYRAMID.                                                                        20D
               "GROUP WITHIN 7D" MAY BE
               RELAXED SO LONG AS BOTH "SAME
               ORIENT" AND "ABSOLUTE ORIENT"
               CONSTRAINTS CAN STILL BE MET
               VIA OFF-NOMINAL ROLL.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.2              GAL-CLUS-   WFPC2  IMAGE   WFALL-  F555W            CR-SPLIT=NO     3   2100S                 1  SAME POS FOR 2.2
                 005431-2756                FIX                                                                   AS 2.1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.3              GAL-CLUS-   WFPC2  IMAGE   WFALL-  F814W            CR-SPLIT=NO     4   2100S                 1  POS TARG +12,+12
                 005431-2756                FIX
     Comments: OFFSET 2 ARCSEC IN X AND 2
               ARCSEC IN Y TO DISPLACE OBJECTS
               FROM PIXEL DEFECTS AND FROM
               SEAMS OF PYRAMID
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
EXPOSURE LOGSHEET                                                                                  ID = 5378             [  8]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1      |   2   |      3    |  4   |   5   |   6   |    7   |   8   |       9       |10 |   11  |   12    |13 |14|        15
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Line  |  Seq  |   Target  |Instr | Oper. | Aper  |Spectral|Central|   Optional    |Num|  Time |   S/N   |Flx|Pr|     Special
 Number | Name  |    Name   |Config| Mode  |or FOV |Element |Waveln.|  Parameters   |Exp|       |Rel. Time|Ref|  |   Requirements
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.4              GAL-CLUS-   WFPC2  IMAGE   WFALL-  F555W            CR-SPLIT=NO     3   2100S                 1  SAME POS FOR 2.4
                 005431-2756                FIX                                                                   AS 2.3
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.1              GAL-CLUS-   WFPC2  IMAGE   WFALL-  F702W            CR-SPLIT=NO     4   2100S                 1  CYCLE 4 / 3.1-3.2
                 160134+4254                FIX                                                                   POS TARG +10,+10
                                                                                                                  GROUP 3.1-3.2
                                                                                                                  WITHIN 7D
                                                                                                                  SAME ORIENT FOR
                                                                                                                  3.2 AS 3.1
     Comments: POS TARG +10,+10 PLACES TARGET                                                                     ORIENT 135D +/-
               COORDS ~AT APEX OF PYRAMID.                                                                        10D
               "GROUP WITHIN 7D" MAY BE
               RELAXED SO LONG AS BOTH "SAME
               ORIENT" AND "ABSOLUTE ORIENT"
               CONSTRAINTS CAN STILL BE MET
               VIA OFF-NOMINAL ROLL.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.2              GAL-CLUS-   WFPC2  IMAGE   WFALL-  F702W            CR-SPLIT=NO     4   2100S                 1  POS TARG +12,+12
                 160134+4254                FIX
     Comments: OFFSET 2 ARCSEC IN X AND 2
               ARCSEC IN Y TO DISPLACE OBJECTS
               FROM PIXEL DEFECTS AND FROM
               SEAMS OF PYRAMID
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.1              GAL-CLUS-   WFPC2  IMAGE   WFALL-  F814W            CR-SPLIT=NO     4   2100S                 1  CYCLE 4 / 4.1-4.4
                 041234-6558                FIX                                                                   POS TARG +10,+10
                                                                                                                  GROUP 4.1-4.4
                                                                                                                  WITHIN 7D
                                                                                                                  SAME ORIENT FOR
                                                                                                                  4.2-4.4 AS 4.1
     Comments: POS TARG +10,+10 PLACES TARGET                                                                     ORIENT 4D +/- 10D
               COORDS ~AT APEX OF PYRAMID.
               "GROUP WITHIN 7D" MAY BE
               RELAXED SO LONG AS BOTH "SAME
               ORIENT" AND "ABSOLUTE ORIENT"
               CONSTRAINTS CAN STILL BE MET
               VIA OFF-NOMINAL ROLL.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.2              GAL-CLUS-   WFPC2  IMAGE   WFALL-  F555W            CR-SPLIT=NO     3   2100S                 1  SAME POS FOR 4.2
                 041234-6558                FIX                                                                   AS 4.1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.3              GAL-CLUS-   WFPC2  IMAGE   WFALL-  F814W            CR-SPLIT=NO     3   2100S                 1  POS TARG +12,+12
                 041234-6558                FIX
     Comments: OFFSET 2 ARCSEC IN X AND 2
               ARCSEC IN Y TO DISPLACE OBJECTS
               FROM PIXEL DEFECTS AND FROM
               SEAMS OF PYRAMID
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.4              GAL-CLUS-   WFPC2  IMAGE   WFALL-  F555W            CR-SPLIT=NO     3   2100S                 1  SAME POS FOR 4.4
                 041234-6558                FIX                                                                   AS 4.3
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
EXPOSURE LOGSHEET                                                                                  ID = 5378             [  9]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1      |   2   |      3    |  4   |   5   |   6   |    7   |   8   |       9       |10 |   11  |   12    |13 |14|        15
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Line  |  Seq  |   Target  |Instr | Oper. | Aper  |Spectral|Central|   Optional    |Num|  Time |   S/N   |Flx|Pr|     Special
 Number | Name  |    Name   |Config| Mode  |or FOV |Element |Waveln.|  Parameters   |Exp|       |Rel. Time|Ref|  |   Requirements
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.1              GAL-CLUS-   WFPC2  IMAGE   WFALL-  F702W            CR-SPLIT=NO     3   2100S                 1  CYCLE 4 / 5.1-5.2
                 140933+5226                FIX                                                                   POS TARG +10,+10
                                                                                                                  GROUP 5.1-5.2
                                                                                                                  WITHIN 7D
                                                                                                                  SAME ORIENT FOR
                                                                                                                  5.2 AS 5.1
     Comments: POS TARG +10,+10 PLACES TARGET                                                                     ORIENT 110D +/-
               COORDS ~AT APEX OF PYRAMID.                                                                        10D
               "GROUP WITHIN 7D" MAY BE
               RELAXED SO LONG AS BOTH "SAME
               ORIENT" AND "ABSOLUTE ORIENT"
               CONSTRAINTS CAN STILL BE MET
               VIA OFF-NOMINAL ROLL.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.2              GAL-CLUS-   WFPC2  IMAGE   WFALL-  F702W            CR-SPLIT=NO     3   2100S                 1  POS TARG +12,+12
                 140933+5226                FIX
     Comments: OFFSET 2 ARCSEC IN X AND 2
               ARCSEC IN Y TO DISPLACE OBJECTS
               FROM PIXEL DEFECTS AND FROM
               SEAMS OF PYRAMID
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.1              GAL-CLUS-   WFPC2  IMAGE   WFALL-  F702W            CR-SPLIT=NO     3   2100S                 1  CYCLE 4 / 6.1-6.2
                 030330+1706                FIX                                                                   POS TARG +10,+10
                                                                                                                  GROUP 6.1-6.2
                                                                                                                  WITHIN 7D
                                                                                                                  SAME ORIENT FOR
                                                                                                                  6.2 AS 6.1
     Comments: POS TARG +10,+10 PLACES TARGET                                                                     ORIENT 225D +/-
               COORDS ~AT APEX OF PYRAMID.                                                                        10D
               "GROUP WITHIN 7D" MAY BE
               RELAXED SO LONG AS BOTH "SAME
               ORIENT" AND "ABSOLUTE ORIENT"
               CONSTRAINTS CAN STILL BE MET
               VIA OFF-NOMINAL ROLL.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.2              GAL-CLUS-   WFPC2  IMAGE   WFALL-  F702W            CR-SPLIT=NO     3   2100S                 1  POS TARG +12,+12
                 030330+1706                FIX
     Comments: OFFSET 2 ARCSEC IN X AND 2
               ARCSEC IN Y TO DISPLACE OBJECTS
               FROM PIXEL DEFECTS AND FROM
               SEAMS OF PYRAMID
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
EXPOSURE LOGSHEET                                                                                  ID = 5378             [ 10]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1      |   2   |      3    |  4   |   5   |   6   |    7   |   8   |       9       |10 |   11  |   12    |13 |14|        15
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Line  |  Seq  |   Target  |Instr | Oper. | Aper  |Spectral|Central|   Optional    |Num|  Time |   S/N   |Flx|Pr|     Special
 Number | Name  |    Name   |Config| Mode  |or FOV |Element |Waveln.|  Parameters   |Exp|       |Rel. Time|Ref|  |   Requirements
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.1              GAL-CLUS-   WFPC2  IMAGE   WFALL-  F814W            CR-SPLIT=NO     1   2100S                 1  CYCLE 4 / 7.1-7.41
                 093942+4713                FIX                                                                   POS TARG +10,+10
                 -FLD2                                                                                            GROUP 7.1-7.41
                                                                                                                  WITHIN 7D
                                                                                                                  SAME ORIENT FOR
                                                                                                                  7.11-7.41 AS 7.1
     Comments: POS TARG +10,+10 PLACES TARGET                                                                     ORIENT 135D +/-
               COORDS ~AT APEX OF PYRAMID.                                                                        90D
               "GROUP WITHIN 7D" MAY BE
               RELAXED SO LONG AS BOTH "SAME
               ORIENT" AND "ABSOLUTE ORIENT"
               CONSTRAINTS CAN STILL BE MET
               VIA OFF-NOMINAL ROLL.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.11             GAL-CLUS-   WFPC2  IMAGE   WFALL-  F814W            CR-SPLIT=NO     1   2100S                 1  SAME POS FOR 7.11
                 093942+4713                FIX                                                                   - 7.21 AS 7.1
                 -FLD2
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.12             GAL-CLUS-   WFPC2  IMAGE   WFALL-  F814W            CR-SPLIT=NO     1   2100S                 1
                 093942+4713                FIX
                 -FLD2
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.2              GAL-CLUS-   WFPC2  IMAGE   WFALL-  F555W            CR-SPLIT=0.5    1   2100S                 1
                 093942+4713                FIX                      CR-
                 -FLD2                                               TOLERANCE=0.0
     Comments: CR-SPLIT=0.5 BECAUSE LESS THAN
               6 EXPOSURES FOR COSMIC RAY
               REJECTION. THIS WILL RESULT IN
               4 X 1000S EXPOSURES SINCE EACH
               2100S/2=1050S WILL BE ROUNDED
               DOWN TO THE NEXT LOWEST LEGAL
               WFPC2 EXP TIME OF 1000S.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.21             GAL-CLUS-   WFPC2  IMAGE   WFALL-  F555W            CR-SPLIT=0.5    1   2100S                 1
                 093942+4713                FIX                      CR-
                 -FLD2                                               TOLERANCE=0.0
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.3              GAL-CLUS-   WFPC2  IMAGE   WFALL-  F814W            CR-SPLIT=NO     1   2100S                 1  POS TARG +12,+12
                 093942+4713                FIX
                 -FLD2
     Comments: OFFSET 2 ARCSEC IN X AND 2
               ARCSEC IN Y TO DISPLACE OBJECTS
               FROM PIXEL DEFECTS AND FROM
               SEAMS OF PYRAMID
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.31             GAL-CLUS-   WFPC2  IMAGE   WFALL-  F814W            CR-SPLIT=NO     1   2100S                 1  SAME POS FOR 7.31
                 093942+4713                FIX                                                                   - 7.41 AS 7.3
                 -FLD2
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.32             GAL-CLUS-   WFPC2  IMAGE   WFALL-  F814W            CR-SPLIT=NO     1   2100S                 1
                 093942+4713                FIX
                 -FLD2
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
EXPOSURE LOGSHEET                                                                                  ID = 5378             [ 11]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1      |   2   |      3    |  4   |   5   |   6   |    7   |   8   |       9       |10 |   11  |   12    |13 |14|        15
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Line  |  Seq  |   Target  |Instr | Oper. | Aper  |Spectral|Central|   Optional    |Num|  Time |   S/N   |Flx|Pr|     Special
 Number | Name  |    Name   |Config| Mode  |or FOV |Element |Waveln.|  Parameters   |Exp|       |Rel. Time|Ref|  |   Requirements
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.4              GAL-CLUS-   WFPC2  IMAGE   WFALL-  F555W            CR-SPLIT=0.5    1   2100S                 1
                 093942+4713                FIX                      CR-
                 -FLD2                                               TOLERANCE=0.0
     Comments: CR-SPLIT=0.5 BECAUSE LESS THAN
               6 EXPOSURES FOR COSMIC RAY
               REJECTION. THIS WILL RESULT IN
               4 X 1000S EXPOSURES SINCE EACH
               2100S/2=1050S WILL BE ROUNDED
               DOWN TO THE NEXT LOWEST LEGAL
               WFPC2 EXP TIME OF 1000S.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.41             GAL-CLUS-   WFPC2  IMAGE   WFALL-  F555W            CR-SPLIT=0.5    1   2100S                 1
                 093942+4713                FIX                      CR-
                 -FLD2                                               TOLERANCE=0.0
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8.1              GAL-CLUS-   WFPC2  IMAGE   WFALL-  F814W            CR-SPLIT=NO     3   2100S                 1  CYCLE 4 / 8.1-8.4
                 ABELL370-                  FIX                                                                   POS TARG +10,+10
                 FLD2                                                                                             GROUP 8.1-8.4
                                                                                                                  WITHIN 7D
                                                                                                                  SAME ORIENT FOR
                                                                                                                  8.2-8.4 AS 8.1
     Comments: POS TARG +10,+10 PLACES TARGET                                                                     ORIENT 135D +/-
               COORDS ~AT APEX OF PYRAMID.                                                                        90D
               "GROUP WITHIN 7D" MAY BE
               RELAXED SO LONG AS BOTH "SAME
               ORIENT" AND "ABSOLUTE ORIENT"
               CONSTRAINTS CAN STILL BE MET
               VIA OFF-NOMINAL ROLL.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8.2              GAL-CLUS-   WFPC2  IMAGE   WFALL-  F555W            CR-SPLIT=0.5    2   2100S                 1  SAME POS FOR 8.2
                 ABELL370-                  FIX                      CR-                                          AS 8.1
                 FLD2                                                TOLERANCE=0.0
     Comments: CR-SPLIT=0.5 BECAUSE LESS THAN
               6 EXPOSURES FOR COSMIC RAY
               REJECTION. THIS WILL RESULT IN
               4 X 1000S EXPOSURES SINCE EACH
               2100S/2=1050S WILL BE ROUNDED
               DOWN TO THE NEXT LOWEST LEGAL
               WFPC2 EXP TIME OF 1000S.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8.3              GAL-CLUS-   WFPC2  IMAGE   WFALL-  F814W            CR-SPLIT=NO     3   2100S                 1  POS TARG +12,+12
                 ABELL370-                  FIX
                 FLD2
     Comments: OFFSET 2 ARCSEC IN X AND 2
               ARCSEC IN Y TO DISPLACE OBJECTS
               FROM PIXEL DEFECTS AND FROM
               SEAMS OF PYRAMID
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
EXPOSURE LOGSHEET                                                                                  ID = 5378             [ 12]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1      |   2   |      3    |  4   |   5   |   6   |    7   |   8   |       9       |10 |   11  |   12    |13 |14|        15
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Line  |  Seq  |   Target  |Instr | Oper. | Aper  |Spectral|Central|   Optional    |Num|  Time |   S/N   |Flx|Pr|     Special
 Number | Name  |    Name   |Config| Mode  |or FOV |Element |Waveln.|  Parameters   |Exp|       |Rel. Time|Ref|  |   Requirements
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8.4              GAL-CLUS-   WFPC2  IMAGE   WFALL-  F555W            CR-SPLIT=0.5    2   2100S                 1  SAME POS FOR 8.4
                 ABELL370-                  FIX                      CR-                                          AS 8.3
                 FLD2                                                TOLERANCE=0.0
     Comments: CR-SPLIT=0.5 BECAUSE LESS THAN
               6 EXPOSURES FOR COSMIC RAY
               REJECTION. THIS WILL RESULT IN
               4 X 1000S EXPOSURES SINCE EACH
               2100S/2=1050S WILL BE ROUNDED
               DOWN TO THE NEXT LOWEST LEGAL
               WFPC2 EXP TIME OF 1000S.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Summary Form for Proposal 5378                                                                               [ 13]

  Item                          Used in this proposal
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Configurations                WFPC2
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Opmodes                       IMAGE
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Optional Parameters           CR-SPLIT=NO CR-SPLIT=0.5 CR-TOLERANCE=0.0
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Proposal for                  GO
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  S/C Hours                     41.42
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Scientific Category           GALAXIES & CLUSTERS
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Scientific Sub-category       DISTANT GALAXIES
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Special Requirements          CYCLE 4 / 1.1-1.4; POS TARG +10,+10; GROUP 1.1-1.4 WITHIN 7D; SAME ORIENT FOR 1.2-1.4 AS 1.1;
                                ORIENT 135D +/- 90D; SAME POS FOR 1.2 AS 1.1 POS TARG +12,+12; SAME POS FOR 1.4 AS 1.3 CYCLE 4 /
                                2.1-2.4; GROUP 2.1-2.4 WITHIN 7D; SAME ORIENT FOR 2.2-2.4 AS 2.1; ORIENT 300D +/- 20D; SAME POS FOR
                                2.2 AS 2.1 SAME POS FOR 2.4 AS 2.3 CYCLE 4 / 3.1-3.2; GROUP 3.1-3.2 WITHIN 7D; SAME ORIENT FOR 3.2
                                AS 3.1; ORIENT 135D +/- 10D; CYCLE 4 / 4.1-4.4; GROUP 4.1-4.4 WITHIN 7D; SAME ORIENT FOR 4.2-4.4 AS
                                4.1; ORIENT 4D +/- 10D; SAME POS FOR 4.2 AS 4.1 SAME POS FOR 4.4 AS 4.3 CYCLE 4 / 5.1-5.2; GROUP
                                5.1-5.2 WITHIN 7D; SAME ORIENT FOR 5.2 AS 5.1; ORIENT 110D +/- 10D; CYCLE 4 / 6.1-6.2; GROUP
                                6.1-6.2 WITHIN 7D; SAME ORIENT FOR 6.2 AS 6.1; ORIENT 225D +/- 10D; CYCLE 4 / 7.1-7.41; GROUP
                                7.1-7.41 WITHIN 7D; SAME ORIENT FOR 7.11-7.41 AS 7.1; SAME POS FOR 7.11 - 7.21 AS 7.1 SAME POS FOR
                                7.31 - 7.41 AS 7.3 CYCLE 4 / 8.1-8.4; GROUP 8.1-8.4 WITHIN 7D; SAME ORIENT FOR 8.2-8.4 AS 8.1; SAME
                                POS FOR 8.2 AS 8.1 SAME POS FOR 8.4 AS 8.3
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Spectral Elements             F814W F555W F702W
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Target Names                  GAL-CLUS-001558+1609 CL0016+16 GAL-CLUS-005431-2756 J1888.16CL GAL-CLUS-160134+4254 HOG CLUSTER
                                16H-BETA-BETA GAL-CLUS-041234-6558 F1557-19TC GAL-CLUS-140933+5226 3C295 CLUSTER
                                GAL-CLUS-030330+1706 HOG CLUSTER 3HCL2 GAL-CLUS-093942+4713-FLD2 ABELL 851 GAL-CLUS-ABELL370-FLD2
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------