Page 1 PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID 5382 Report Date: 18-Jul-95:17:16 Version: ********** Check-in Date: ********** 1.Proposal Title: BORON AS A PROBE OF THE FORMATION OF THE GALACTIC HALO, AND OF PRIMORDIAL NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; CYCLE4 MEDIUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Scientific Category 3. Proposal For 4. Proposal Type 5. Continuation ID COOL STARS GO Sub Category EVOLUTION/COSMOLOGY ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Principal Investigator Institution Country Telephone Douglas K. Duncan 1710 USA 312-702-8207 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Abstract We propose to observe boron in 3 halo stars of extremely low metallicity (\[Fe/H\] = -3.1 to -3.5) and combine this data with our ground-based measurements of Be and Li. The evolution of Li, Be, and B has now been shown to be a powerful descriminant between different models of the chemical and dynamical evolution of the galaxy, and must be added to the evolution of \[Fe/H\] and \[O/H\] as the critical test of such models. Light element production depends on the intensity and shape of the cosmic ray spectrum, which in turn depends on the supernova rate and thus the star formation rate. It also depends on the rise of the (progenitor) CNO abundances, and the decline of the gas mass fraction, which is affected by rates of infall of fresh (unprocessed) material and outflow, e.g. by supernova heating. The greater efficiency of the post-COSTAR HST will allow us to probe more metal-poor stars than previously observed, so that we can study the earliest phases of formation of the halo. Already the first HST observations of B in halo stars CANNOT BE MATCHED by existing models of galactic chemical evolution. -- In addition, the search for primordial B and Be in the most metal-poor stars allows discriminating between standard and inhomogeneous big bang nucleosynthesis models. Pushing the search for a "plateau" in B and Be (similar to the plateau which demonstrates the cosmological origin of Li) to more metal-poor stars constrains the possiblities of nonstandard models. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9. Est obs time (hours) pri: 33.88 par: 0 10. Num targs pri: 1 par: 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Instruments requested: HRS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Page 2 I. GENERAL FORM Proposal 5382 PI: Douglas K. Duncan Proposal Title: BORON AS A PROBE OF THE FORMATION OF THE GALACTIC HALO, AND OF PRIMORDIAL NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; CYCLE4 MEDIUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. Proposers: Proposers Institution Country ESA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Douglas K. Duncan 1710 USA Ann M. Boesgaard UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII/PENN STATE USA UNIVERSITY Constantine P. Deliyannis 2190 USA Lewis M. Hobbs 1716 USA Jeremy R. King 2190 USA Sean G. Ryan 4140 AUSTRALIA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3. Description of proposed observations. GHRS observations will be made of a single star using the G270M grating (SSA aperture) centered at 2500A, the wavelength of the B resonance lines. Following TAC recommendation, all exp. time will be devoted to one star; a S/N approaching 200 will sought. The exp's will be broken into 3 parts of slightly different wavelength, to get better S/N by using different parts of the photocathode. The initial target acq is specified as 5 x 5 search, for safety with this object which shows PM. It is followed by TWO ACQ/PEAKs in the SSA (for best centering). Exposures are each 30 min. long; with FP-SPLIT that means the individual parts are 7.5 min. long, within the 5-10 min. max. recommended. Every 8 hrs. exposure time, a new ACQ/PEAKUP is done and the central wavelength slightly shifted. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4. Justification of need for HST observations. The only boron lines observable in late-type stars are in the UV (2500A) and CANNOT be observed from the ground. Cannot get nearly enough S/N from IUE to determine accurate abundances since the expected line is very weak. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Description of special scheduling requirements. None. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Description of special calibration exposures. None ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8. Additional comments or special requests. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9. Description of previous HST work. Duncan and many of the Co-Is have participated (or are in the midst of) these previous proposals analyzing B abundances: 2634. Duncan, PI. "Boron and Be as probes of Cosmic Ray Spallation..." 3614. Duncan, PI "Boron as a Probe of Stellar Structure and Mass Loss." 4510. Duncan, PI. "The Evolution of Boron - Implications for Galactic Evolution and Cosmology. Hobbs has participated in three unrelated proposals and Duncan one. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10. Resources to be supplied by investigator's institution(s). Normal office and secretarial support is provided to the PI and Co-Is by their institutions. The spectrum synthesis program will be run on a workstations at the University of Chicago which were funded out of previous HST grants. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Address Information Page 3 Name: DOUGLAS K DUNCAN Category: PI Institution: 1710 Address: Dept.of Astron. and Astrophys. 5640 S. Ellis Ave. City: CHICAGO State: IL Zip Code: 60637 Country: USA Telephone: 312-702-8207 Telex (or e-mail): duncan@oddjob.uchicago.edu ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Name: DOUGLAS K DUNCAN Category: CON Institution: 1710 Address: ALTERNATE (SECONDARY) ADDRESS ADLER PLANETARIUM City: CHICAGO State: IL Zip Code: 60605 Country: USA Telephone: 312-322-0316 Telex (or e-mail): 312-322-2257 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET LIST a) Fixed Targets ID = 5382 [ 4] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial |Acqui|FLX| Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. |Prblm|REF| | | | | | | | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 BD-13D3442 A,134,911 PLATE-ID=03YF, J2000 1 V = 10.2, TYPE=SDF GSC5523-1415 RA = 11H 46M 50.62S +/- 2 B-V = 0.39 0.1S, DEC = -14D 06' 39.4" +/- 1" Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) J 1983.36 0.0016 +/- 0.0000 -0.2050 +/- 0.0000 0.0000 +/- 0.0000 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 5382 [ 5] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 BD-13D3442 HRS ACQ 2.0 MIRROR-N2 SEARCH-SIZE=5 1 15.0S 50 1 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR BRIGHT=RETURN .2S 1.1 CYCLE 4 Comments: STEP-TIME=0.6S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1.1 BD-13D3442 HRS ACQ/ 0.25 MIRROR-N2 SEARCH-SIZE=5 1 40S 50 1 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR PEAKUP 1.6S 1.2 CYCLE 4 Comments: STEP-TIME=1.6S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1.2 BD-13D3442 HRS ACQ/ 0.25 MIRROR-N2 SEARCH-SIZE=5 1 40S 50 1 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR PEAKUP 1.6S 1.3-1.5 CYCLE 4 Comments: THE SECOND ACQ/PEAK IS INTENTIONAL, TO START WITH BEST POSSIBLE CENTERING ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1.3 BD-13D3442 HRS ACCUM 0.25 G270M 2494 STEP-PATT=DEF 3 28M 100 1 1 CYCLE 4 FP-SPLIT=STD 8H Comments: QUARTER-STEPPED ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1.4 BD-13D3442 HRS ACCUM 0.25 G270M 2494 STEP-PATT=DEF 3 28M 100 1 1 CYCLE 4 FP-SPLIT=STD 8H Comments: QUARTER-STEPPED ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1.5 BD-13D3442 HRS ACCUM 0.25 G270M 2494 STEP-PATT=DEF 4 28M 100 1 1 CYCLE 4 FP-SPLIT=STD 8H Comments: QUARTER-STEPPED ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 BD-13D3442 HRS ACQ 2.0 MIRROR-N2 SEARCH-SIZE=5 1 15.0S 50 1 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR BRIGHT=RETURN .2S 2.1 CYCLE 4 Comments: STEP-TIME=0.6S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2.1 BD-13D3442 HRS ACQ/ 0.25 MIRROR-N2 SEARCH-SIZE=5 1 40S 50 1 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR PEAKUP 1.6S 2.2 CYCLE 4 Comments: STEP-TIME=1.6S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2.2 BD-13D3442 HRS ACQ/ 0.25 MIRROR-N2 SEARCH-SIZE=5 1 40S 50 1 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR PEAKUP 1.6S 2.3-2.5 CYCLE 4 Comments: STEP-TIME=1.6S, NEW ACQ/PEAK FOR SAFETY ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2.3 BD-13D3442 HRS ACCUM 0.25 G270M 2494 STEP-PATT=DEF 3 30M 100 1 1 CYCLE 4 FP-SPLIT=STD 8H Comments: QUARTER-STEPPED ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2.4 BD-13D3442 HRS ACCUM 0.25 G270M 2494 STEP-PATT=DEF 3 30M 100 1 1 CYCLE 4 FP-SPLIT=STD 8H Comments: QUARTER-STEPPED ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 5382 [ 6] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2.5 BD-13D3442 HRS ACCUM 0.25 G270M 2494 STEP-PATT=DEF 3 30M 100 1 1 CYCLE 4 FP-SPLIT=STD 8H Comments: QUARTER-STEPPED ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 BD-13D3442 HRS ACQ 2.0 MIRROR-N2 SEARCH-SIZE=5 1 15.0S 50 1 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR BRIGHT=RETURN .2S 3.1 CYCLE 4 Comments: STEP-TIME=0.6S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3.1 BD-13D3442 HRS ACQ/ 0.25 MIRROR-N2 SEARCH-SIZE=5 1 40S 50 1 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR PEAKUP 1.6S 3.2 CYCLE 4 Comments: STEP-TIME=1.6S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3.2 BD-13D3442 HRS ACQ/ 0.25 MIRROR-N2 SEARCH-SIZE=5 1 40S 50 1 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR PEAKUP 1.6S 3.3-3.5 CYCLE 4 Comments: NEW ACQ/PEAK FOR SAFETY, ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3.3 BD-13D3442 HRS ACCUM 0.25 G270M 2497 STEP-PATT=DEF 3 28M 100 1 1 CYCLE 4 FP-SPLIT=STD 8H Comments: QUARTER-STEPPED, SLIGHT WAVELENGTH SHIFT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3.4 BD-13D3442 HRS ACCUM 0.25 G270M 2497 STEP-PATT=DEF 3 28M 100 1 1 CYCLE 4 FP-SPLIT=STD 8H Comments: QUARTER-STEPPED, SLIGHT WAVELENGTH SHIFT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3.5 BD-13D3442 HRS ACCUM 0.25 G270M 2497 STEP-PATT=DEF 4 28M 100 1 1 CYCLE 4 FP-SPLIT=STD 8H Comments: QUARTER-STEPPED, SLIGHT WAVELENGTH SHIFT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 BD-13D3442 HRS ACQ 2.0 MIRROR-N2 SEARCH-SIZE=5 1 15.0S 50 1 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR BRIGHT=RETURN .2S 4.1 CYCLE 4 Comments: STEP-TIME=0.6S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4.1 BD-13D3442 HRS ACQ/ 0.25 MIRROR-N2 SEARCH-SIZE=5 1 40S 50 1 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR PEAKUP 1.6S 4.2 CYCLE 4 Comments: STEP-TIME=1.6S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4.2 BD-13D3442 HRS ACQ/ 0.25 MIRROR-N2 SEARCH-SIZE=5 1 40S 50 1 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR PEAKUP 1.6S 4.3-4.5 CYCLE 4 Comments: NEW ACQ/PEAK FOR SAFETY ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4.3 BD-13D3442 HRS ACCUM 0.25 G270M 2497 STEP-PATT=DEF 3 30M 100 1 1 CYCLE 4 FP-SPLIT=STD 8H Comments: QUARTER-STEPPED ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 5382 [ 7] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4.4 BD-13D3442 HRS ACCUM 0.25 G270M 2497 STEP-PATT=DEF 3 30M 100 1 1 CYCLE 4 FP-SPLIT=STD 8H Comments: QUARTER-STEPPED ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4.5 BD-13D3442 HRS ACCUM 0.25 G270M 2497 STEP-PATT=DEF 3 30M 100 1 1 CYCLE 4 FP-SPLIT=STD 8H Comments: QUARTER-STEPPED ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 BD-13D3442 HRS ACQ 2.0 MIRROR-N2 SEARCH-SIZE=5 1 15.0S 50 1 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR BRIGHT=RETURN .2S 5.1 CYCLE 4 Comments: STEP-TIME=0.6S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5.1 BD-13D3442 HRS ACQ/ 0.25 MIRROR-N2 SEARCH-SIZE=5 1 40S 50 1 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR PEAKUP 1.6S 5.2 CYCLE 4 Comments: STEP-TIME=1.6S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5.2 BD-13D3442 HRS ACQ/ 0.25 MIRROR-N2 SEARCH-SIZE=5 1 40S 50 1 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR PEAKUP 1.6S 5.3-5.5 CYCLE 4 Comments: NEW ACQ/PEAK FOR SAFETY ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5.3 BD-13D3442 HRS ACCUM 0.25 G270M 2502 STEP-PATT=DEF 3 28M 100 1 1 CYCLE 4 FP-SPLIT=STD 8H Comments: QUARTER-STEPPED, SLIGHT WAVELENGTH SHIFT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5.4 BD-13D3442 HRS ACCUM 0.25 G270M 2502 STEP-PATT=DEF 3 28M 100 1 1 CYCLE 4 FP-SPLIT=STD 8H Comments: QUARTER-STEPPED, SLIGHT WAVELENGTH SHIFT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5.5 BD-13D3442 HRS ACCUM 0.25 G270M 2502 STEP-PATT=DEF 4 28M 100 1 1 CYCLE 4 FP-SPLIT=STD 8H Comments: QUARTER-STEPPED, SLIGHT WAVELENGTH SHIFT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 BD-13D3442 HRS ACQ 2.0 MIRROR-N2 SEARCH-SIZE=5 1 15.0S 50 1 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR BRIGHT=RETURN .2S 6.1 CYCLE 4 Comments: STEP-TIME=0.6S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6.1 BD-13D3442 HRS ACQ/ 0.25 MIRROR-N2 SEARCH-SIZE=5 1 40S 50 1 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR PEAKUP 1.6S 6.2 CYCLE 4 Comments: STEP-TIME=1.6S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6.2 BD-13D3442 HRS ACQ/ 0.25 MIRROR-N2 SEARCH-SIZE=5 1 40S 50 1 1 ONBOARD ACQ FOR PEAKUP 1.6S 6.3-6.5 CYCLE 4 Comments: NEW ACQ/PEAK FOR SAFETY ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 5382 [ 8] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6.3 BD-13D3442 HRS ACCUM 0.25 G270M 2502 STEP-PATT=DEF 3 1900S 100 1 1 CYCLE 4 FP-SPLIT=STD 8H Comments: QUARTER-STEPPED ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6.4 BD-13D3442 HRS ACCUM 0.25 G270M 2502 STEP-PATT=DEF 3 1900S 100 1 1 CYCLE 4 FP-SPLIT=STD 8H Comments: QUARTER-STEPPED ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6.5 BD-13D3442 HRS ACCUM 0.25 G270M 2502 STEP-PATT=DEF 3 1900S 100 1 1 CYCLE 4 FP-SPLIT=STD 8H Comments: QUARTER-STEPPED ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Summary Form for Proposal 5382 [ 9] Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations HRS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACQ ACQ/PEAKUP ACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters SEARCH-SIZE=5 BRIGHT=RETURN STEP-PATT=DEF FP-SPLIT=STD ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal for GO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ S/C Hours 33.88 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Category COOL STARS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Sub-category EVOLUTION/COSMOLOGY ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements ONBOARD ACQ FOR 1.1; CYCLE 4 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 1.2; CYCLE 4 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 1.3-1.5; CYCLE 4 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 2.1; CYCLE 4 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 2.2; CYCLE 4 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 2.3-2.5; CYCLE 4 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 3.1; CYCLE 4 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 3.2; CYCLE 4 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 3.3-3.5; CYCLE 4 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 4.1; CYCLE 4 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 4.2; CYCLE 4 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 4.3-4.5; CYCLE 4 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 5.1; CYCLE 4 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 5.2; CYCLE 4 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 5.3-5.5; CYCLE 4 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 6.1; CYCLE 4 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 6.2; CYCLE 4 ONBOARD ACQ FOR 6.3-6.5; CYCLE 4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements MIRROR-N2 G270M ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names BD-13D3442 GSC5523-1415 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------