Page 1 PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID 5504 Report Date: 18-Jul-95:17:32 Version: ********** Check-in Date: ********** 1.Proposal Title: STRUCTURE OF HERBIG-HARO JETS FROM NEWBORN STARS: CYCLE4HIGH ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Scientific Category 3. Proposal For 4. Proposal Type 5. Continuation ID INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM GO Sub Category HH OBJECTS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Principal Investigator Institution Country Telephone Bo Reipurth EUROPEAN SOUTHERN OBSERVATOR CHILE 56-2-2285006 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Abstract Herbig-Haro jets have in recent years been subject to intense study, and it is now clear that they are an integral part of the star formation process and provide insights into the very earliest stages of stellar evolution. We propose to study two of the finest known HH jets, HH 111 and HH 47, using HST with WFPC2 and interference filters. Analytical and numerical models of HH jets have reached a high degree of sophistication, but further progress is blocked until it is established whether the observed structure of jets is formed through Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities or time- variability in the wind from the driving source. The two competing models make definite predictions about the morphology and excitation pattern within the jet knots which can be tested with high resolution interference filter images. The very best ground-based images taken in 0.6"-0.7" seeing and deconvolved to 0.4" show tantalizing structure, but not definite enough to firmly choose between the two models. Only HST observations can provide the required resolution. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9. Est obs time (hours) pri: 18.80 par: 0 10. Num targs pri: 2 par: 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Instruments requested: WF/PC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Page 2 I. GENERAL FORM Proposal 5504 PI: Bo Reipurth Proposal Title: STRUCTURE OF HERBIG-HARO JETS FROM NEWBORN STARS: CYCLE4HIGH ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. Proposers: Proposers Institution Country ESA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Bo Reipurth 4740 CHILE X Steve Heathcote 4720 CHILE Richard D Schwartz 2750 USA John Bally 1760 USA Jon Morse 3470 USA Patrick Hartigan 2001 USA James M Stone 2620 USA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3. Description of proposed observations. We are going to observe two Herbig-Haro jets, HH111 and HH47, each of them through two narrow band filters - H-ALPHA (F656N) and [SII] (F673N). The objects are faint, so we have long exposures (HH111: 16100sec and HH47: 11850sec through each filter). These must obviously be broken up into several sub-exposures, because of orbital constraints. To minimize read-out noise (and overheads) we wish these sub-exposures to be as long as possible. Since we will have enough sub -exposures to filter out cosmic ray hits, we do not want to further sub-divide them and hence have set CR-SPLIT=NO. The objects are extended, and so there are certain constraints on the roll angle of the spacecraft in order to fit the objects into the CCD field. However, there are several alternate choices of placement, each with an accompanying range of roll angle. One case has been entered in the exposure logsheet; the other choices are given in comments. Any of them can be used if this simplifies scheduling. The objects have very high proper motions (up to 0.2'' per year) and in order to be able to compare the H-ALPHA and [SII] images of each object, these two images must be obtained within a certain relatively short interval (2 weeks). Because of the possible influence of proper motion, the interpretation of the data requires that the [SII] images are taken before the H-ALPHA images. The observations of the two objects are completely independent and can be carried out in any order. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4. Justification of need for HST observations. As demonstrated in detail in our Phase I proposal, the possibilities for study via groundbased observations have been exhausted for the two jets to be examined here. These jets are among the first HH jets known, and their study will permit us to settle a major current question in HH jet research, namely whether the knots represent internal working surfaces or arise as the result of flow instabilities. The observations will also elucidate the role of entrainment for the flow dynamics along the body of the jet. Finally, the high spatial resolution of HST will allow the first detailed study of the working surfaces, where the jets interact with the ambient medium. The filters we have selected have been shown to allow one to separate emission due to the bow shock from that arisong in the Mach disk. Page 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Description of special scheduling requirements. Each of the two 16100sec exposures for HH111 and each of the two 11850sec exposures for HH47 need to be broken up into shorter sub-exposures to fit into an orbit. The exposure times listed here are merely suggestions, since we do not know what are the longest possible exposures that fit into an orbit for each object. It is not essential that the sub-exposures are all of exactly the same duration. Because of the high proper motion of the objects it is essential that once the observations of an object have started then they are completed (in both filters) within a 2 week period. If this is impossible then please contact us. Because the objects are extended and just fit into the WF field there are constraints on the acceptable roll angles of the spacecraft which will allow us to observe the entire objects. The orient/aperture values given in the exposure form are only one set of several possible combinations, which we list below. Basically, out of the possible 360 degrees, there is a roughly 35 degree ``window'' every 90 degrees for which each jet will fit into a specific WF CCD (or combination of CCDs). Once the roll angle of the spacecraft is known for a given observation, the information below tells which CCD the nominal jet center should be placed in. If these requirements make the scheduling too difficult, please contact us and we will then diminish the scope of the observations by observing only parts of the jets. NOTE: If for some reason the PI cannot be reached, please contact Steve Heathcote. Also please note that Jon Morse is working at STScI. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Description of special calibration exposures. None. All we require is the standard calibration data. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8. Additional comments or special requests. We have performed astrometry of our targets and know the positions of individual knots to within one arcsecond on the HST GSC system. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9. Description of previous HST work. R.D.Schwartz was PI on GO 2243 ``The Shock Wave Structure of Herbig-Haro Objects''. These previous observations focused on much larger and much brighter knots in a major fragmenting bow shock. We are here concerned with knots in the body of a jet with an entirely different shock structure. All the previous data are analyzed and a paper has appeared': R.D.Schwartz et al: ``Hubble Space Telescope Imaging of Herbig-Haro Object No.2'' Astron.J. 106, 740, 1993 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10. Resources to be supplied by investigator's institution(s). All of us have full time positions at our institutes. We are well equipped with SUN workstations and have MIDAS and IRAF software at our disposal. We have many years of experience in reducing and analyzing the best existing similar data from the ground. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Address Information Name: BO REIPURTH Category: PI Institution: 4740 Address: EUROPEAN SOUTHERN OBSERVATORY CASILLA 19001 City: SANTIAGO 19 State: Zip Code: Country: CHILE Telephone: 56-2-2285006 Telex (or e-mail): reipurth@eso.org ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Page 4 Name: Category: CON Institution: Address: City: State: Zip Code: Country: Telephone: Telex (or e-mail): ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET LIST a) Fixed Targets ID = 5504 [ 5] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial |Acqui|FLX| Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. |Prblm|REF| | | | | | | | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 HH111 G,501,514,907,922,929 RA = 5H 49M 06.4S +/- 1", B1950 V = +27 1 SURF-LINE(6731) = 2.9 +/- 0.3 E-15 DEC = +02D 47' 52" +/- 1", 2 W-LINE(6731) = 1.8 +/- 0.1 PLATE-ID = 0084 3 SURF-LINE(6563) = 2.7 +/- 0.3 E-15 4 W-LINE(6563) = 2.2 +/- 0.1 Comments: THE FLUX DATA IS FOR KNOT L. WE GIVE THE EXPECTED MAXIMUM SURFACE BRIGHTNESS IN THE KNOT. THE SYSTEM CONTAINS MANY KNOTS A FEW BRIGHTER THAN THIS, BUT MANY UP TO AN ORDER OF MAGNITUDE FAINTER. THE FLUXES GIVEN FOR 6731 ARE ACTUALLY THE SUM OF THE FLUXES FOR THE TWO MEMBERS OF THE 6717,31 DOUBLET. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 HH47 HH46/47 G,501,514,907,922,929 RA = 8H 24M 19.9S +/- 1", B1950 V = +22 1 SURF-LINE(6731) = 1.7 +/- 0.3 E-15 DEC = -50D 50' 19" +/- 1", 2 W-LINE(6731) = 1.1 +/- 0.1 PLATE-ID = 00AI 3 SURF-LINE(6563) = 6.8 +/- 0.3 E-16 4 W-LINE(6563) = 1.9 +/- 0.1 Comments: THE FLUX DATA IS FOR KNOT B. WE GIVE THE EXPECTED MAXIMUM SURFACE BRIGHTNESS IN THE KNOT. THE SYSTEM CONTAINS MANY KNOTS A FEW BRIGHTER THAN THIS, BUT MANY UP TO AN ORDER OF MAGNITUDE FAINTER. THE FLUXES GIVEN FOR 6731 ARE ACTUALLY THE SUM OF THE FLUXES FOR THE TWO MEMBERS OF THE 6717,31 DOUBLET. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 5504 [ 6] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 HH111 WFPC2 IMAGE WF3-FIX F673N 6732 CR-SPLIT=NO 1 9200S 30 1 1 CYCLE 4 16100S 2 SEQ 1-2.5 WITHIN 14D ORIENT 322D +/- 17D / 1-2.5 SAME POS FOR 1.5- Comments: S/N IS FOR SUM OF 7 X 2300S 2.5 AS 1 EXPS. FOLLOWING ALSO ACCEPTABLE FOR 1-2.5 ORIENT 232D +/- 17D, APERTURE WF3-FIX ORIENT 142D +/ - 17D, APERTURE WF4-FIX ORIENT 52D +/- 17D, APERTURE WF2-FIX PA OF THE HH111 JET IS 277D ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1.5 HH111 WFPC2 IMAGE WF3-FIX F673N 6732 CR-SPLIT=NO 1 6800S 30 1 1 CYCLE 4 16100S 2 Comments: S/N IS FOR SUM OF 7 X 2300S EXPS. FOLLOWING ALSO ACCEPTABLE FOR 1-2.5 ORIENT 232D +/- 17D, APERTURE WF3-FIX ORIENT 142D +/ - 17D, APERTURE WF4-FIX ORIENT 52D +/- 17D, APERTURE WF2-FIX PA OF THE HH111 JET IS 277D ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 HH111 WFPC2 IMAGE WF3-FIX F656N 6562 CR-SPLIT=NO 1 9200S 33 3 2 CYCLE 4 16100S 4 Comments: S/N IS FOR SUM OF 7 X 2300 EXPS. THE SAME ORIENT/APERTURE PAIR CHOSEN FOR LINENUM 1 MUST BE USED FOR LINENUMS 1.5-2.5. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2.5 HH111 WFPC2 IMAGE WF3-FIX F656N 6562 CR-SPLIT=NO 1 6800S 33 3 2 CYCLE 4 16100S 4 Comments: S/N IS FOR SUM OF 7 X 2300 EXPS. THE SAME ORIENT/APERTURE PAIR CHOSEN FOR LINENUM 1 MUST BE USED FOR LINENUMS 1.5-2.5. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 HH47 WFPC2 IMAGE WF3-FIX F673N 6732 CR-SPLIT=NO 1 11900S 13 1 3 CYCLE 4 12000S 2 SEQ 3-4 WITHIN 14D ORIENT 53D +/- 19D / 3-4 SAME POS FOR 4 AS 3 Comments: S/N IS FOR SUM OF 4 X 3000S EXPS. FOLLOWING ALSO ACCEPTABLE FOR 3-4 ORIENT 143D +/- 19D, APERTURE WF2-FIX ORIENT 323D +/ - 19D, APERTURE WF4-FIX ORIENT 233D +/- 19D, APERTURE WF3-FIX PA OF THE HH47 JET IS 53D. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 5504 [ 7] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 HH47 WFPC2 IMAGE WF3-FIX F656N 6562 CR-SPLIT=NO 1 11900S 14 3 4 CYCLE 4 12000S 4 SEQ 3-4 WITHIN 14D ORIENT 53D +/- 19D / 3-4 SAME POS FOR 4 AS 3 Comments: S/N IS FOR SUM OF 4 X 2500S EXPS. THE SAME ORIENT/APERTURE PAIR CHOSEN FOR LINENUM 3 MUST BE USED FOR LINENUM 4. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Summary Form for Proposal 5504 [ 8] Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations WFPC2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes IMAGE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters CR-SPLIT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal for GO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ S/C Hours 18.80 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Category INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Sub-category HH OBJECTS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements CYCLE 4; SEQ 1-2.5 WITHIN 14D; ORIENT 322D +/- 17D / 1-2.5; SAME POS FOR 1.5-2.5 AS 1 SEQ 3-4 WITHIN 14D; ORIENT 53D +/- 19D / 3-4; SAME POS FOR 4 AS 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F673N F656N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names HH111 HH47 HH46/47 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------