Page 1 PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID 5590 Report Date: 18-Jul-95:17:42 Version: ********** Check-in Date: ********** 1.Proposal Title: CYCLE 4 DD HST OBSERVATIONS OF COMET SHOEMAKER-LEVY (1993E) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Scientific Category 3. Proposal For 4. Proposal Type 5. Continuation ID SOLAR SYSTEM GO/DD Sub Category COMETS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Principal Investigator Institution Country Telephone Harold A. Weaver STSCI USA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Abstract Comet Shoemaker-Levy (1993e) is a comet that has recently broken up into many fragments, apparently somewhere in the vicinity of Jupiter. Ground-based observations reveal a string of sub-nuclei spaced over a distance of about one arcminute. HST observations of this object with the WFPC-2 should reveal a fascinating spatial morphology that is more detailed than any images obtained from ground-based telescopes. Most importantly, WFPC-2 images of 1993e should allow us to refine the nuclear size estimates that were originally estimated from WFPC-1 HST observations in July 1993. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9. Est obs time (hours) pri: 8.33 par: 0 10. Num targs pri: 1 par: 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Instruments requested: WF/PC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12. Special sched req: Time Critical obs. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Page 2 I. GENERAL FORM Proposal 5590 PI: Harold A. Weaver Proposal Title: CYCLE 4 DD HST OBSERVATIONS OF COMET SHOEMAKER-LEVY (1993E) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. Proposers: Proposers Institution Country ESA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pi Harold A. Weaver STSCI USA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3. Description of proposed observations. The program consists of five separate visits to the comet with two orbits required for each visit. Each of the visits is to a different target. It is scientifically desirable to schedule all of the observations as close in time as possible, but this is a GOAL and not a firm requirement. We hope that all 10 orbits of data can be collected within one week or less, but we will take what we can get. It is very important to execute this program as early as possible in SMOV, but the telescope must be well-focussed and the throughput reasonably well- characterized BEFORE doing these observations. The observing program has been divided into 5 SUs with each SU having 2 orbits. The orbit-by-orbit breakdown of the program is: SU 01: orbit 1: Two 800 sec WFC images of SL-COL orbit 2: Two 1000 sec WFC images of SL-COL SU 02: orbit 3: Two 800 sec PC images of SL-7 orbit 4: Two 1000 sec PC images of SL-7 SU 03: orbit 5: Two 800 sec WFC images of SL- 15 orbit 6: Two 1000 sec WFC images of SL-15 SU 04: orbit 7: Two 800 sec PC images of SL-15 with F555W orbit 8: Two 1000 sec PC images of SL-15 with F555W SU 05: orbit 9: Two 800 sec PC images of SL-7 orbit 10: Two 1000 sec PC images of SL -7 Note that we wish to do the observations in order (i.e., SU 01 is first, SU 02 is second, etc.). ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4. Justification of need for HST observations. HST observations of Comet Shoemaker-Levy (1993e) should provide better detail on the break-up of this object than is available from any other source. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Description of special scheduling requirements. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8. Additional comments or special requests. Page 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9. Description of previous HST work. ID no. 3064: HST Observations of Comet Levy (1990c) (A'Hearn, Arpigny, and Feldman are Co-Is), an imaging-only program that is only peripherally related to the current program. ID no. 2481: HST Observations of Periodic Comets (A'Hearn, Arpigny, and Feldman are Co-Is), only peripherally related to this program. ID no. 2483: The Volatile Composition of New Comets (A'Hearn, Arpigny, and Feldman are Co-Is), only peripherally related to this program. ID no. 2442: Cometary Parent Molecules, P.D. Feldman, PI (A'Hearn and Weaver are Co-Is), only peripherally related to this program. Cycle 2 program: ID no. 3707: HST Observations of Periodic Comets (A'Hearn, Arpigny, and Feldman are Co-Is), only peripherally related to this program. ID no. 3064: Two sets of WFC images of comet Levy were obtained 6.5 hours apart on 27 September 1990 in order to investigate its temporal variability. An arc of large grains was observed propagating sunward with a projected velocity of 0.16 km/sec. ID no. 2481: P/Hartley 2 was successfully observed in late 9/91 These observations produced the first detection of CO Cameron bands in comets. This emission is essentially a unique tracer of the CO2 abundance in comets. Additionally we obtained a beautiful spectrum of the comet covering the entire spectral range 1200-6800 A, from which we are compiling (still in progress) an inventory of volatiles in that comet. ID no. 2483: Comet Shoemaker-Levy (1991a1) was successfully observed in July 1992. Unfortunately, the comet was not as bright as we had hoped, but we obtained data of comparable (slightly higher) quality to that already in hand from P/Hartley 2. We definitely detected the CO Cameron bands again, but it is much too early to say anything more at this time. ID no. 2442: Comet Shoemaker- Levy (1991a1) was successfully observed in July 1992, but it is too early to say anything more at this time. ID no. 3064: Inner Coma Imaging of Comet Levy (1990c) with the Hubble Space Telescope, H. A. Weaver, M. F. A'Hearn, P. D. Feldman, C. Arpigny, W. A. Baum, J. C. Brandt, R. M. Light and J. A. Westphal,Icarus}, v. 97, p. 85, 1992. ID no. 2481: Probing the Nature of Comets with HST, H. A. Weaver and P. D. Feldman, in "Science with the Hubble Space Telescope", ESA-NASA CP, in press. Presentations on both the above programs have been made at several scientific meetings, including the annual DPS meetings in 1990 (for 3064), 1991 (for 2481), and 1992 (2481 and 2483). A paper on our detection of CO Cameron band emission in P/Hartley 2 will be submitted to a refereed journal shortly. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10. Resources to be supplied by investigator's institution(s). The STScI has excellent data-analysis capabilities and also maintains a pool of Science Data Analysts (SDAs) that are available to its staff. However, SDA support for our program can only be assured if we are allocated money to cover the SDA's salary. The other institutions co-sponsoring this program also have excellent data analysis facilities and access to graduate students and research assistants. However, funds must be provided by this program in order for the Co- Is to utilize these resources. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Address Information Name: Harold A Weaver Category: PI Institution: 3470 Address: 3700 San Martin Drive City: Baltimore State: MD Zip Code: 21218 Country: USA Telephone: 410-338-5004 Telex (or e-mail): ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Page 4 Name: Harold A. Weaver Category: PI Institution: STScI Address: 3700 San Martin Drive Baltimore, MD 21218 USA City: Baltimore State: MD Zip Code: 21218 Country: USA Telephone: 410-516-8619 Telex (or e-mail): ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET LIST b)Solar System Targets ID = 5590 [ 5] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 1 | TARGET NAME: SL-COL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: COMET SHOEMAKER-LEVY 1993E-COL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 | TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 | FILE = SL9-K, | ACQ = 3 | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 | WINDOWS | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ REF | DATA | COMMENTS | | 1 |SURF(V) = 24 +/- 1 | THIS TARGET IS THE CENTER OF LIGHT 2 |SIZE = 0.1 | OF COMET SL 1993E. OPTIMUM OBSERVING | | TIME IS ASAP. SINCE THE COMET GETS | | MORE AND EXTENDED WITH TIME, WE LOSE | | MORE OF THE COMET THE LATER WE GO. | | TARGET IS NUCLEUS NEAREST COL SINCE | | UPDATED EPHEMERIDES ARE NOT | | AVAILABLE FOR THE COL. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 2 | TARGET NAME: SL-7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: COMET SHOEMAKER-LEVY 1993E-7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 | TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 | FILE = SL-7, | ACQ = 3 | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 | WINDOWS | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ REF | DATA | COMMENTS | | 1 |SURF(V) = 24 +/- 1 | THIS TARGET IS THE BRIGHTEST NUCLEUS 2 |SIZE = 0.1 | OF COMET SL 1993E. OPTIMUM OBSERVING | | TIME IS ASAP. SINCE THE COMET GETS | | MORE AND EXTENDED WITH TIME, WE LOSE | | MORE OF THE COMET THE LATER WE GO. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET LIST b)Solar System Targets ID = 5590 [ 6] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 3 | TARGET NAME: SL-15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: COMET SHOEMAKER-LEVY 1993E-15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 | TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 | FILE = SL-15, | ACQ = 3 | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 | WINDOWS | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ REF | DATA | COMMENTS | | 1 |SURF(V) = 24 +/- 1 | THIS TARGET IS A BRIGHT WELL 2 |SIZE = 0.1 | ISOLATED NUCLEUS OF COMET SL 1993E. | | OPTIMUM OBSERVING TIME IS ASAP. | | SINCE THE COMET GETS MORE AND | | EXTENDED WITH TIME WE LOSE MORE OF | | THE COMET THE LATER WE GO. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 4 | TARGET NAME: SL-3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: COMET SHOEMAKER-LEVY 1993E-3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 | TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 | FILE = SL9-S, | ACQ = 3 | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 | WINDOWS | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ REF | DATA | COMMENTS | | 1 |SURF(V) = 24 +/- 1 | THIS TARGET IS NUCLEUS NEAR THE SW 2 |SIZE = 0.1 | END OF COMET SL 1993E. OPTIMUM | | OBSERVING TIME IS ASAP. SINCE THE | | COMET GETS MORE AND EXTENDED WITH | | TIME, WE LOSE MORE OF THE COMET THE | | LATER WE GO. TARGET IS NUCLEUS S=5, | | NOT U=3, SINCE UPDATED EPHEMERIDES | | ARE NOT AVAILABLE FOR NUCLEUS 3. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 5590 [ 7] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1.1 SL-COL WFPC2 IMAGE WF3 F702W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 800 S CYCLE 4 / 1.1-5.4 POS TARG +37,0 ORIENT +20D +/- 20D FROM NOMINAL / 1.1 -5.4 Comments: FIRST WFC IMAGE. THE CENTER OF GUID TOL 0.2" / LIGHT IS NEAR THE BORDER OF WF3 1.1-5.4 -WF4 SO THAT THE ENTIRE TRAIN IS CAPTURED IN THE IMAGE. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1.2 SL-COL WFPC2 IMAGE WF3 F702W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 800 S POS TARG +37,0 Comments: SECOND WFC IMAGE. THE CENTER OF LIGHT IS NEAR THE BORDER OF WF3 -WF4 SO THAT THE ENTIRE TRAIN IS CAPTURED IN THE IMAGE. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1.3 SL-COL WFPC2 IMAGE WF3 F702W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 1000 S POS TARG +37,0 Comments: THIRD WFC IMAGE. THE CENTER OF LIGHT IS NEAR THE BORDER OF WF3 -WF4 SO THAT THE ENTIRE TRAIN IS CAPTURED IN THE IMAGE. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1.4 SL-COL WFPC2 IMAGE WF3 F702W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 1000 S POS TARG +37,0 Comments: FOURTH WFC IMAGE. THE CENTER OF LIGHT IS NEAR THE BORDER OF WF3 -WF4 SO THAT THE ENTIRE TRAIN IS CAPTURED IN THE IMAGE. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2.1 SL-7 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F702W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 800 S Comments: FIRST PC IMAGE NEAR SL-7. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2.2 SL-7 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F702W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 800 S Comments: SECOND PC IMAGE NEAR SL-7. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2.3 SL-7 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F702W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 1000 S Comments: THIRD PC IMAGE NEAR SL-7. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2.4 SL-7 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F702W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 1000 S Comments: FOURTH PC IMAGE NEAR SL-7. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3.1 SL-15 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F702W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 800 S Comments: FIRST PC IMAGE NEAR SL-15. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3.2 SL-15 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F702W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 800 S Comments: SECOND PC IMAGE NEAR SL-15. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3.3 SL-15 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F702W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 1000 S Comments: THIRD PC IMAGE NEAR SL-15. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3.4 SL-15 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F702W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 1000 S Comments: FOURTH PC IMAGE NEAR SL-15. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 5590 [ 8] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4.1 SL-15 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F555W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 800 S Comments: FIRST PC IMAGE NEAR SL-15 USING F555W. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4.2 SL-15 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F555W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 800 S Comments: SECOND PC IMAGE NEAR SL-15 USING F555W. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4.3 SL-15 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F555W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 1000 S Comments: THIRD PC IMAGE NEAR SL-15 USING F555W. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4.4 SL-15 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F555W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 1000 S Comments: FOURTH PC IMAGE NEAR SL-15 USING F555W. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5.1 SL-3 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F702W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 800 S Comments: FIRST PC IMAGE NEAR SL-3. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5.2 SL-3 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F702W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 800 S Comments: SECOND PC IMAGE NEAR SL-3. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5.3 SL-3 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F702W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 1000 S Comments: THIRD PC IMAGE NEAR SL-3. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5.4 SL-3 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F702W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 1000 S Comments: FOURTH PC IMAGE NEAR SL-3. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Summary Form for Proposal 5590 [ 9] Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations WFPC2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes IMAGE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters CR-SPLIT=NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal for GO/DD ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ S/C Hours 8.33 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Category SOLAR SYSTEM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Sub-category COMETS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements CYCLE 4 / 1.1-5.4; POS TARG +37,0; ORIENT +20D +/- 20D FROM NOMINAL / 1.1-5.4; GUID TOL 0.2" / 1.1-5.4; POS TARG +37,0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F702W F555W ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names SL-COL SL-7 SL-15 SL-3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------