Page 1 PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID 5624 Report Date: 18-Jul-95:17:46 Version: ********** Check-in Date: ********** 1.Proposal Title: CYCLE 4 DD HST OBSERVATIONS OF COMET SHOEMAKER-LEVY (1993E) FOR MARCH 1994 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Scientific Category 3. Proposal For 4. Proposal Type 5. Continuation ID SOLAR SYSTEM GO/DD Sub Category COMETS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Principal Investigator Institution Country Telephone Harold A. Weaver STSCI USA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. Abstract Comet Shoemaker-Levy (1993e) is a comet that has recently broken up into many fragments, apparently somewhere in the vicinity of Jupiter. Ground-based observations reveal a string of sub-nuclei spaced over a distance of about one arcminute. HST observations of this object with the WFPC-2 should reveal a fascinating spatial morphology that is more detailed than any images obtained from ground-based telescopes. Most importantly, WFPC-2 images of 1993e should allow us to refine the nuclear size estimates that were originally estimated from WFPC-1 HST observations in July 1993. This proposal is for the March 1994 observations. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9. Est obs time (hours) pri: 8.33 par: 0 10. Num targs pri: 1 par: 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Instruments requested: WF/PC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12. Special sched req: Time Critical obs. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Page 2 I. GENERAL FORM Proposal 5624 PI: Harold A. Weaver Proposal Title: CYCLE 4 DD HST OBSERVATIONS OF COMET SHOEMAKER-LEVY (1993E) FOR MARCH 1994 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. Proposers: Proposers Institution Country ESA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pi Harold A. Weaver STSCI USA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3. Description of proposed observations. The program consists of four separate visits to the comet with three being devoted to imaging and one being devoted to FOS spectroscopy. Each imaging visit is for a different target and consists of two orbits. The spectroscopy visit is for three orbits on a single target. It is DESIRABLE that the orbits be scheduled as close together in time as possible. In particular, the imaging visits should be scheduled so that they all fall within one day, if possible. Please try to schedule the spectroscopic observations as close to the imaging observations as possible, but doing the spectroscopic observations a day or two before or after the imaging observations is OK. I anticipate that this program will be divided into four SUs. The orbit-by-orbit activity associated with each SU is given below. The ordering of these observations is not particularly important. SU 01: orbit 1: Two 800 sec PC images of SL-7 (Q) orbit 2: Two 1000 sec PCC images of SL -7 (Q) SU 02: orbit 3: Two 800 sec PC images of SL-5 orbit 4: Two 1000 sec PC images of SL-5 SU 03: orbit 5: Two 800 sec PC images of SL-15 orbit 6: Two 1000 sec PC images of SL-15 SU 04: orbit 7: FOS G270H exps on SL-7 (for max available time) orbit 8: FOS G270H exps on SL-7 (for max available time) orbit 9: FOS G270H exps on SL-7 (for max available time) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4. Justification of need for HST observations. HST observations of Comet Shoemaker-Levy (1993e) should provide better detail on the break-up of this object than is available from any other source. Page 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9. Description of previous HST work. ID no. 3064: HST Observations of Comet Levy (1990c) (A'Hearn, Arpigny, and Feldman are Co-Is), an imaging-only program that is only peripherally related to the current program. ID no. 2481: HST Observations of Periodic Comets (A'Hearn, Arpigny, and Feldman are Co-Is), only peripherally related to this program. ID no. 2483: The Volatile Composition of New Comets (A'Hearn, Arpigny, and Feldman are Co-Is), only peripherally related to this program. ID no. 2442: Cometary Parent Molecules, P.D. Feldman, PI (A'Hearn and Weaver are Co-Is), only peripherally related to this program. Cycle 2 program: ID no. 3707: HST Observations of Periodic Comets (A'Hearn, Arpigny, and Feldman are Co-Is), only peripherally related to this program. ID no. 3064: Two sets of WFC images of comet Levy were obtained 6.5 hours apart on 27 September 1990 in order to investigate its temporal variability. An arc of large grains was observed propagating sunward with a projected velocity of 0.16 km/sec. ID no. 2481: P/Hartley 2 was successfully observed in late 9/91 These observations produced the first detection of CO Cameron bands in comets. This emission is essentially a unique tracer of the CO2 abundance in comets. Additionally we obtained a beautiful spectrum of the comet covering the entire spectral range 1200-6800 A, from which we are compiling (still in progress) an inventory of volatiles in that comet. ID no. 2483: Comet Shoemaker-Levy (1991a1) was successfully observed in July 1992. Unfortunately, the comet was not as bright as we had hoped, but we obtained data of comparable (slightly higher) quality to that already in hand from P/Hartley 2. We definitely detected the CO Cameron bands again, but it is much too early to say anything more at this time. ID no. 2442: Comet Shoemaker- Levy (1991a1) was successfully observed in July 1992, but it is too early to say anything more at this time. ID no. 3064: Inner Coma Imaging of Comet Levy (1990c) with the Hubble Space Telescope, H. A. Weaver, M. F. A'Hearn, P. D. Feldman, C. Arpigny, W. A. Baum, J. C. Brandt, R. M. Light and J. A. Westphal,Icarus}, v. 97, p. 85, 1992. ID no. 2481: Probing the Nature of Comets with HST, H. A. Weaver and P. D. Feldman, in "Science with the Hubble Space Telescope", ESA-NASA CP, in press. Presentations on both the above programs have been made at several scientific meetings, including the annual DPS meetings in 1990 (for 3064), 1991 (for 2481), and 1992 (2481 and 2483). A paper on our detection of CO Cameron band emission in P/Hartley 2 will be submitted to a refereed journal shortly. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10. Resources to be supplied by investigator's institution(s). The STScI has excellent data-analysis capabilities and also maintains a pool of Science Data Analysts (SDAs) that are available to its staff. However, SDA support for our program can only be assured if we are allocated money to cover the SDA's salary. The other institutions co-sponsoring this program also have excellent data analysis facilities and access to graduate students and research assistants. However, funds must be provided by this program in order for the Co- Is to utilize these resources. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Address Information Name: Harold A Weaver Category: PI Institution: 3470 Address: 3700 San Martin Drive City: Baltimore State: MD Zip Code: 21218 Country: USA Telephone: 410-338-5004 Telex (or e-mail): ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Page 4 Name: Harold A. Weaver Category: PI Institution: STScI Address: 3700 San Martin Drive Baltimore, MD 21218 USA City: Baltimore State: MD Zip Code: 21218 Country: USA Telephone: 410-516-8619 Telex (or e-mail): ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET LIST b)Solar System Targets ID = 5624 [ 5] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 1 | TARGET NAME: SL-7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: COMET SHOEMAKER-LEVY 1993E-7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 | TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 | FILE = SL-7, | ACQ = 3 | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 | WINDOWS | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ REF | DATA | COMMENTS | | 1 |SURF(V) = 24 +/- 1 | THIS TARGET IS THE BRIGHTEST NUCLEUS 2 |SIZE = 0.1 | OF COMET SL 1993E. THE LETTER | | DESIGNATION IS Q. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 2 | TARGET NAME: SL-15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: COMET SHOEMAKER-LEVY 1993E-15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 | TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 | FILE = SL-15, | ACQ = 3 | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 | WINDOWS | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ REF | DATA | COMMENTS | | 1 |SURF(V) = 24 +/- 1 | THIS TARGET IS THE BRIGHTEST NUCLEUS 2 |SIZE = 0.1 | OF COMET SL 1993E. THE LETTER | | DESIGNATION IS G. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET LIST b)Solar System Targets ID = 5624 [ 6] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 3 | TARGET NAME: SL-5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: COMET SHOEMAKER-LEVY 1993E-5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 | TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 | FILE = SL-5, | ACQ = 3 | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 | WINDOWS | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ REF | DATA | COMMENTS | | 1 |SURF(V) = 24 +/- 1 | THIS TARGET IS A BRIGHT NUCLEUS OF 2 |SIZE = 0.1 | COMET SL 1993E. THAT MAY BE | | FRAGMENTING. THE LETTER DESIGNATION | | IS S. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 5624 [ 7] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1.1 SL-7 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F702W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 800 S CYCLE 4 / 1.1-4.3 SEQ 1.1-1.4 NO GAP ORIENT +20D +/- 20D FROM NOMINAL / 1.1-3.4 Comments: 1st orbit, 1st image for SL-7. All WFPC2 observations should be made at the same HST roll angle. We would LIKE to be off nominal roll by as large a positive value as possible. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1.2 SL-7 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F702W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 800 S SAME ORIENT FOR 1.2-3.4 AS 1.1 Comments: 1st orbit, 2nd image for SL-7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1.3 SL-7 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F702W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 1000 S Comments: 2nd orbit, 1st image for SL-7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1.4 SL-7 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F702W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 1000 S Comments: 2nd orbit, 2nd image for SL-7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2.1 SL-15 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F702W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 800 S SEQ 2.1-2.4 NO GAP Comments: 1st orbit, 1st image for SL-15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2.2 SL-15 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F702W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 800 S Comments: 1st orbit, 2nd image for SL-15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2.3 SL-15 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F702W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 1000 S Comments: 2nd orbit, 1st image for SL-15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2.4 SL-15 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F702W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 1000 S Comments: 2nd orbit, 2nd image for SL-15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3.1 SL-5 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F702W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 800 S SEQ 3.1-3.4 NO GAP Comments: 1st orbit, 1st image for SL-5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3.2 SL-5 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F702W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 800 S Comments: 1st orbit, 2nd image for SL5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3.3 SL-5 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F702W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 1000 S Comments: 2nd orbit, 1st image for SL-5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3.4 SL-5 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F702W CR-SPLIT=NO 1 1000 S Comments: 2nd orbit, 2nd image for SL-5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4.1 SL-7 FOS/RD ACCUM 4.3 G270H 1 28 M SEQ 4.1-4.3 NO GAP Comments: 1st orbit FOS exp for SL-7. Please change exp time to optimally match the time available in the orbit. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ EXPOSURE LOGSHEET ID = 5624 [ 8] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |10 | 11 | 12 |13 |14| 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Line | Seq | Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | S/N |Flx|Pr| Special Number | Name | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| |Rel. Time|Ref| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4.2 SL-7 FOS/RD ACCUM 4.3 G270H 1 36 M Comments: 2nd orbit FOS exp for SL-7. Please change exp time to optimally match the time available in the orbit. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4.3 SL-7 FOS/RD ACCUM 4.3 G270H 1 36 M Comments: 3rd orbit FOS exp for SL-7. Please change exp time to optimally match the time available in the orbit. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Summary Form for Proposal 5624 [ 9] Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations WFPC2 FOS/RD ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes IMAGE ACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters CR-SPLIT=NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal for GO/DD ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ S/C Hours 8.33 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Category SOLAR SYSTEM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Sub-category COMETS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements CYCLE 4 / 1.1-4.3; SEQ 1.1-1.4 NO GAP; ORIENT +20D +/- 20D FROM NOMINAL / 1.1-3.4; SAME ORIENT FOR 1.2-3.4 AS 1.1; SEQ 2.1-2.4 NO GAP; SEQ 3.1-3.4 NO GAP; SEQ 4.1-4.3 NO GAP; ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F702W G270H ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names SL-7 SL-15 SL-5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------