5832( 0) - 07/18/95 18:09 - [ 1] PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID: 5832 Version: ********** Check-in Date: ********** 1.Proposal Title: SYNOPTIC MONITORING OF SEASONAL PHENOMENA ON MARS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Scientific Category 3. Proposal For 4. Cycle Solar System GO 5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Investigators Contact? PI: Philip James University of Toledo CoI: Todd Clancy University of Colorado N CoI: Steve Lee University of Colorado N CoI: Leonard Martin Lowell Observatory N CoI: James Bell NASA Ames Research Center N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Abstract Mars is accessible to HST for the 13 months of its 26 month synodic cycle when Mars is more than 50 degrees from the sun. The current period of observations commenced in early August and will continue through the end of Cycle 4; Cycle 5 includes only the last two months of this period. We propose to follow the observing strategy adopted in Cycle 4 for these observations. This strategy involved monitoring the Syrtis Major face of Mars using five UV and visible filters every month with occasional global sequences which include targets separated by 120 degrees of longitude. We also propose to add several filters to our Cycle 5 observations in order to accommodate the addition of Jim Bell, who is a Co-I on Dr. David Crisp's Cycle 4 GT program, to our team. These observations will allow him to continue his study of the mineralology of martian surface units. Finally, in order to complete our search for a putative dust ring in Mars' equatorial plane, we propose a pair of observations scheduled in July, 1995 when the ring plane in tilted maximally towards earth. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5832( 0) - 07/18/95 18:09 - [ 2] Observations Description ------------------------ We intend to continue the observing strategy which was adopted in Cycle 4 and previous cycles. We will observe Mars every 15 degrees of Ls (areocentric solar longitude), that is roughly every one half (martian) month in order to provide sufficient temporal coverage to detect the effects of major phenomena, such as global dust storms. Images will be targeted on the Syrtis Major face of Mars, roughly 285 degrees central meridian. This is a region in which large albedo changes have been historically observed; these images will also allow us to monitor the active cloud forming Elysium area and the very interesting Hellas basin, a site of surface frosts, dust storms, and clouds. We shall continue to use the 255W and 336W filters, which have proven useful in characterizing the martian atmosphere, as well as the 410M, 502N, 673N B,G,R triplet. Our first proposed Cycle 5 sequence, on July 2 at Ls = 120, will additionally image other faces of Mars separted by +/- 120 degrees from Syrtis. This will provide global information at a new, mid-summer season, will provide valuable planetary color data for the mineralogogy study, and will allow comparison with Cycle 2 images which were acquired at a similar season but which, due to scheduling problems, were not targeted on Syrtis. We are proposing to obtain images at four additional wavelengths that are diagnostic of Mars surface mineralogy. These include 2 additional simple filters (F953N and F1042M) and 2 positions on the linear ramp filter (LRF7400 and LRF8600). The 953 and 1042 filters are at wavelengths diagnostic of the minerals pyroxene and olivine. The 1042 observations will also be useful for calibration of images to be obtained at nearly the same wavelength by the Laser Altimeter experiment on the Mars Global Surveyor mission. The 8600 LRF wavelength is diagnostic of iron oxide mineralogy, and the 7400 LRF filter will be used as a continuum point for the quantitative derivation of band depths from all the other filters (Mars has a reflectance maximum near 7400). When combined with the 5 nominal wavelengths proposed for the meteorological part of this proposal, this filter combination will allow for the detection and discrimination of many different possible surface materials, including hematite, goethite, pyroxene, olivine, poorly crystalline palagonite-like materials, ices, and iron-bearing sulfates and carbonates. Real Time Justification ----------------------- These observations are time critical since the maximum value of synoptic monitoring is achieved when sequences are roughly evenly spaced. In addition, it is important that targets in this and other cycles be separated by exactly one martian year in order to separate seasonal from interannual effects. Thus the sequences of images should be scheduled within a few days of the optimum areocentric longitudes. The central meridian on Mars to be targeted requires additional selectivity in terms of the particular orbit chosen within those broader time intervals. We are conducting supporting earth based observations during the portion of Cycle 4 when Mars will be near opposition. However, during Cycle 5 Mars will be too small in angular diameter to justify earth based observations. Calibration Justification ------------------------- Additional Comments ------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5832( 0) - 07/18/95 18:09 - [ 3] Data Distribution Media: 8MM Blocking Factor: 10 Ship To: PI_Address Ship Via: UPS Email: , ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5832( 0) - 07/18/95 18:09 - [ 4] TARGET LIST b)Solar System Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 1 | TARGET NAME: MARS-CML285 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: PLANET MARS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 | TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 | STD=MARS | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 | WINDOWS | | CML OF MARS FROM EARTH BETWEEN 270 300 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ DATA | COMMENTS | SURF(V) = 4.0 +/- 0.1 SURF(4100) = 2.4 +/- 0.2 | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 2 | TARGET NAME: MARS-CML045 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: PLANET MARS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 | TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 | STD=MARS | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 | WINDOWS | | CML OF MARS FROM EARTH BETWEEN 030 060 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ DATA | COMMENTS | SURF(V) = 4.0 +/- 0.1 SURF(4100) = 2.4 +/- 0.2 | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5832( 0) - 07/18/95 18:09 - [ 5] TARGET LIST b)Solar System Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 3 | TARGET NAME: MARS-CML165 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: PLANET MARS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 | TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 | STD=MARS | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 | WINDOWS | | CML OF MARS FROM EARTH BETWEEN 150 180 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ DATA | COMMENTS | SURF(V) = 4.0 +/- 0.1 SURF(4100) = 2.4 +/- 0.2 | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5832( 0) - 07/18/95 18:09 - [ 6] Visit: 51 Visit Requirements: BETWEEN 01-JUL-95 AND 05-JUL-95 GROUP 51-53 WITHIN 24H On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 511 MARS-CML285 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F410M 1 2S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 512 MARS-CML285 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F502N 1 4S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 513 MARS-CML285 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F673N 1 0.6S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 514 MARS-CML285 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F255W 1 180S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 515 MARS-CML285 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F336W 1 3S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 516 MARS-CML285 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F953N 1 4S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 517 MARS-CML285 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F1042M 1 3S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 518 MARS-CML285 WFPC2 IMAGE LRF LRF 7400 atd-gain=15 1 0.11S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 519 MARS-CML285 WFPC2 IMAGE LRF LRF 8600 1 0.13S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5832( 0) - 07/18/95 18:09 - [ 7] Visit: 52 Visit Requirements: BETWEEN 01-JUL-95 AND 05-JUL-95 GROUP 51-53 WITHIN 24H On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 521 MARS-CML045 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F410M 1 2S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 522 MARS-CML045 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F502N 1 4S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 523 MARS-CML045 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F673N 1 0.6S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 524 MARS-CML045 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F255W 1 180S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 525 MARS-CML045 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F336W 1 3S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 526 MARS-CML045 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F953N 1 4S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 527 MARS-CML045 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F1042M 1 3S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 528 MARS-CML045 WFPC2 IMAGE LRF LRF 7400 atd-gain=15 1 0.11S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 529 MARS-CML045 WFPC2 IMAGE LRF LRF 8600 1 0.13S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5832( 0) - 07/18/95 18:09 - [ 8] Visit: 53 Visit Requirements: BETWEEN 01-JUL-95 AND 05-JUL-95 GROUP 51-53 WITHIN 24H On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 531 MARS-CML165 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F410M 1 2S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 532 MARS-CML165 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F502N 1 4S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 533 MARS-CML165 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F673N 1 0.6S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 534 MARS-CML165 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F255W 1 180S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 535 MARS-CML165 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F336W 1 3S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 536 MARS-CML165 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F953N 1 4S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 537 MARS-CML165 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F1042M 1 3S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 538 MARS-CML165 WFPC2 IMAGE LRF LRF 7400 atd-gain=15 1 0.11S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 539 MARS-CML165 WFPC2 IMAGE LRF LRF 8600 1 0.13S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5832( 0) - 07/18/95 18:09 - [ 9] Visit: 61 Visit Requirements: BETWEEN 01-AUG-95 AND 05-AUG-95 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 611 MARS-CML285 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F410M 1 2S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 612 MARS-CML285 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F502N 1 4S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 613 MARS-CML285 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F673N 1 0.6S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 614 MARS-CML285 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F255W 1 180S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 615 MARS-CML285 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F336W 1 3S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 616 MARS-CML285 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F953N 1 4S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 617 MARS-CML285 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F1042M 1 3S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 618 MARS-CML285 WFPC2 IMAGE LRF LRF 7400 atd-gain=15 1 0.11S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 619 MARS-CML285 WFPC2 IMAGE LRF LRF 8600 1 0.13S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5832( 0) - 07/18/95 18:09 - [ 10] Visit: 71 Visit Requirements: BETWEEN 24-AUG-95 AND 26-AUG-95 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Last period before elongation < 50 degrees Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 711 MARS-CML285 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F410M 1 2S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 712 MARS-CML285 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F502N 1 4S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 713 MARS-CML285 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F673N 1 0.6S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 714 MARS-CML285 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F255W 1 180S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 715 MARS-CML285 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F336W 1 3S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 716 MARS-CML285 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F953N 1 4S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 717 MARS-CML285 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F1042M 1 3S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 718 MARS-CML285 WFPC2 IMAGE LRF LRF 7400 atd-gain=15 1 0.11S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 719 MARS-CML285 WFPC2 IMAGE LRF LRF 8600 1 0.13S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5832( 0) - 07/18/95 18:09 - [ 11] Summary Form for Proposal 5832 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations WFPC2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes IMAGE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters atd-gain=15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal Category GO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Category Solar System ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements BETWEEN 01-JUL-95 AND 05-JUL-95 GROUP 51-53 WITHIN 24H BETWEEN 01-AUG-95 AND 05-AUG-95 BETWEEN 24-AUG-95 AND 26-AUG-95 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F410M F502N F673N F255W F336W F953N F1042M LRF ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names MARS-CML285 MARS-CML045 MARS-CML165 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------