5953( 10) - 02/22/96 09:53 - [ 1] PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID: 5953 Version: 10 Check-in Date: 22-Feb-1996 09:45:53 1.Proposal Title: Galactic Bulge Studies: A Deep UV Survey, and A Deep Luminosity Function ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Scientific Category 3. Proposal For 4. Cycle Stellar Populations GO 5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Investigators Contact? PI: R. Michael Rich Columbia University CoI: Sergio Ortolani Universita di Padova N CoI: Alvio Renzini Universita di Bologna N CoI: Laura Greggio Universita di Bologna N CoI: Kenneth Mighell Columbia University N CoI: Ivan King University of California at Berkeley N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Abstract We propose two programs to study the stellar population of the Galactic bulge. (1) A deep ultraviolet survey sampling 10^5Lsun\ in Baade's Window, to discover the source of the ultraviolet rising flux in elliptical galaxies. (2) An extremely deep R, I image to determine the shape of the initial mass function in a metal rich bulge population that is unaffected by dynamical processes found in globular clusters. The UV survey will use WFPC2 exposures through F160BW, F218W and B,V to identify UV- bright stars and measure the luminosities, effective temperatures, and star counts per unit luminosity. The goal is to assess the importance of the blue HB in metal rich populations and to discover an expected new kind of evolved star, the extremely hot AGB-manque stars. The second part (not approved in Cycle 5) seeks undertake the deepest possible imaging of a bulge field far from the plane yet in the metal rich region (l,b) = (0,-6), near the globular cluster NGC 6558. This field is more distant than the well-studied Baade's Window field, but lower reddening and much lower star density (while still having high metallicity). Its properties are ideal to allow the deepest possible study of the luminosity function. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5953( 10) - 02/22/96 09:53 - [ 2] Observations Description ------------------------ UV Survey: Our intent is to use 1 orbit for a deep UV image, aimed to get faint HHB stars, and 4 orbits to do a short exposure, wider survey of 2 images per orbit. The WFPC2 has an area of 5.3 sq. arcmin (except with the Woods filter, which has vignetting). A total area of 47.7 sq. arcmin will be surveyed, which gives 3* 10^5 Lsun\\ in Baade's Window. Expect at least 48 blue/hot HB stars and 5--10 brighter AGB- manque stars. We compare this survey to the single image obtained by the WFPC2 IDT, which covers 5 sq. arcmin and is through the Woods filter only. Exposure times: The deep image should reach m(1600)=21, which would be the faintest HHB star expected (supposing that they are similar to the HHB of NGC 6388). Using eqn. 6.1 of p. 58 in the WFPC2 manual, QT=0.00025 for the Woods filter, we expect 248 e^- in 1000 sec from the star; the background is 36 e^- and we expect (correcting with Table 6.4) S/N=4.6 in the WF (or 2.9 in the PC, which is less important) in that time. This will be followed by a 300 sec exposure in F218W (a factor of 2.6 more efficient) and a 100 sec B followed by a 50 sec V exposure. With appropriate CR splits this consumes 1 orbit. The survey is designed to discover the brightest (less numerous) UV stars in the bulge. 2 adjacent WFPC2 fields will be imaged per orbit; this does not require a new GS acquisition within the orbit. We expect AGB-manque stars to reach m(1600)=19 (470 e^- in 300 sec) and we will expose only in Woods and V (100 sec). With 2 CR-splits this comes to 17 minutes so two sets can be done in an orbit. Note added: A Cycle 4 carryover exposure using F160BW detected no stars in the bulge field Sgr I so we are dropping this filter in favor of observing in F218W, B, and V only. Real Time Justification ----------------------- We have obtained the deepest possible ground-based frames of bulge fields at -6 and -8 degrees from the ESO NTT. These CCD images are in U, B, V, and I. We will use these to (1) improve the calbration; (2) as input for the simulated fields. Calibration Justification ------------------------- Additional Comments ------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Data Distribution Media: 8MM Blocking Factor: 10 Ship To: PI_Address Ship Via: UPS Email: , ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5953( 10) - 02/22/96 09:53 - [ 3] TARGET LIST a) Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 BWUV-1 STELLAR CLUSTER, RA=18H 03M 17.69S +/- 0.1S, DEC= 2000 V = 14 Globular Cluster -29D 48' 05.61" +/- 1" I = 12 E(B-V) = 0.5 F(2000)=10+/-10e-17 Comments: V,I for brightest stars; F(2000) for UV-bright stars Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) 2000.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2 BWUV-2 STELLAR CLUSTER, RA=18H 03M 31.7S +/- 0.1S, DEC=- 2000 V = 14 Globular Cluster 30D 00' 06.97" +/- 1" I = 12 E(B-V) = 0.5 F(2000)=10+/-10e-17 Comments: V,I for brightest stars; F(2000) for UV-bright stars Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) 2000.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3 BWUV-3 STELLAR CLUSTER, RA=18H 03M 05.65S +/- 0.1S, DEC= 2000 V = 14 Globular Cluster -30D 00' 47.14" +/- 1" I = 12 E(B-V) = 0.5 F(2000)=10+/-10e-17 Comments: V,I for brightest stars; F(2000) for UV-bright stars Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) 2000.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4 BWUV-4 STELLAR CLUSTER, RA=18H 02M 32.86S +/- 0.1S, DEC= 2000 V = 14 Globular Cluster -29D 50' 16.12" +/- 1" I = 12 E(B-V) = 0.5 F(2000)=10+/-10e-17 Comments: V,I for brightest stars; F(2000) for UV-bright stars Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) 2000.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 BWUV-5 STELLAR CLUSTER, RA=18H 02M 31.88S +/- 0.1S, DEC= 2000 V = 14 Globular Cluster -29D 59' 26.12" +/- 1" I = 12 E(B-V) = 0.5 F(2000)=10+/-10e-17 Comments: V,I for brightest stars; F(2000) for UV-bright stars Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) 2000.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5953( 10) - 02/22/96 09:53 - [ 4] Visit: 01 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Deep Integration in F218, B, V Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 BWUV-1 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F555W ATD-GAIN=15 1 100S SEQuence 1-3 NON-INTerruptible ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 BWUV-1 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F439W CR- 1 350S SPLIT=0.5,ATD- GAIN=15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 BWUV-1 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F218W CR-SPLIT=0.53 1 1750S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5953( 10) - 02/22/96 09:53 - [ 5] Visit: 02 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Deep Integration in F218, B, V Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 BWUV-2 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F555W ATD-GAIN=15 1 100S SEQuence 1-3 NON-INTerruptible ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 BWUV-2 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F439W CR- 1 350S SPLIT=0.5,ATD- GAIN=15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 BWUV-2 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F218W CR-SPLIT=0.53 1 1750S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5953( 10) - 02/22/96 09:53 - [ 6] Visit: 03 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exact RA,DEC depends on roll angle of scheduled obsvn. Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 BWUV-3 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F555W ATD-GAIN=15 1 100S SEQuence 1-3 NON-INTerruptible ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 BWUV-3 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F439W CR- 1 350S SPLIT=0.5,ATD- GAIN=15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 BWUV-3 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F218W CR-SPLIT=0.53 1 1750S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5953( 10) - 02/22/96 09:53 - [ 7] Visit: 04 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Deep Integration in F218, B, V Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 BWUV-4 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F555W ATD-GAIN=15 1 100S SEQuence 1-3 NON-INTerruptible ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 BWUV-4 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F439W CR- 1 350S SPLIT=0.5,ATD- GAIN=15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 BWUV-4 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F218W CR-SPLIT=0.53 1 1750S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5953( 10) - 02/22/96 09:53 - [ 8] Visit: 05 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Deep Integration in F218, B, V Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 BWUV-5 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F555W ATD-GAIN=15 1 100S SEQuence 1-3 NON-INTerruptible ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 BWUV-5 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F439W CR- 1 350S SPLIT=0.5,ATD- GAIN=15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 BWUV-5 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F218W CR-SPLIT=0.53 1 1750S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5953( 10) - 02/22/96 09:53 - [ 9] Summary Form for Proposal 5953 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations WFPC2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes IMAGE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters ATD-GAIN=15 CR-SPLIT=0.5 CR-SPLIT=0.53 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal Category GO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Category Stellar Populations ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements SEQuence 1-3 NON-INTerruptible ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F555W F439W F218W ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names BWUV-1 BWUV-2 BWUV-3 BWUV-4 BWUV-5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------