6794( 13) - 12/16/98 11:15 - [ 1] PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID: 6794 Version: 13 Check-in Date: 16-Dec-1998 11:14:31 1.Proposal Title: PROPER MOTIONS OF HERBIG-HARO JETS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Proposal For 3. Cycle GO 6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4. Investigators Contact? PI: Bo Reipurth University of Colorado CoI: Steve Heathcote Cerro Tololo InterAmerican Observatory Y CoI: Jon Morse University of Colorado N CoI: Pat Hartigan Rice University N CoI: John Bally University of Colorado N CoI: Richard Schwartz University of Missouri N CoI: Jeff Hester Arizona State University N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Abstract We propose to re-observe the four Herbig-Haro jets and associated bow shocks which our group imaged with WFPC2 during Cycle 4, in order to measure the proper-motions of these high Mach number flows. The tangential velocities of several hundred km/s will produce displacements between our first- and second-epoch images of 2-4 pixels after only two years. Our first-epoch HST images have revealed that Herbig-Haro jets possess an astonishing amount of internal structure. The proposed second-epoch images add crucial physical knowledge -- how these newly disclosed structural components move. Our targets are the four best known, and most studied, HH flows: HH 47, HH 111, HH 34 and HH 1/2. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6794( 13) - 12/16/98 11:15 - [ 2] Observations Description ------------------------ Our proper-motion measurements will be made using a cross correlation technique which we developed and have used extensively to make proper-motion measurements from ground- based data. This technique makes optimal use of the data allowing accurate measurements to be made even for very faint features. Our experience shows that we can successfully correlate a low S/N image given a high S/N template, but that we get poor results when both exposures are of low S/N. For HH 47, HH 111 and HH 1/2 our first epoch images are of high S/N and make excellent cross correlation templates. The first epoch image of HH 34 was of short duration and consequently all but the very brightest few knots have low S/N. In this case we propose to obtain a high S/N second epoch image for use as template. We have performed extensive experiments cross correlating these images with lower S/N images (made using subsets of the data), in order to determine the S/N required in the second epoch images to obtain a given accuracy. We expect to measure displacements to an accuracy of +/- 0.05 - 0.1 WFPC pixel for features having S/N of > 10:1 in the brightest single pixel. Less accurate, but still useful results can be obtained for features with S/N down to 5:1. The exposure times specified in the proposal are those needed to achieve this target S/N. They have been calculated for each object given the measured count rates in the first epoch images and the known RON, dark rate and sky background rates. We will obtain images in both SII (F673N) and H-Alpha (F656N). It is necessary to observe with both filters, because some key features are only detectable in one or the other. For instance, the H-Alpha filaments and Mach disk of HH 47 are only detectable in F656N, while the main body of this jet, all but invisible in H-Alpha, is relatively bright in SII. Indeed the ability to separately measure the motion of low and high excitation material is crucial to the physical interpretation of our results. Thus use of a single broad band filter such as F702W, which passes both lines would not be appropriate. Real Time Justification ----------------------- We wish to reproduce the pointings and ORIENTs used in the first epoch exposures as closely as possible. It is NOT necessary to reproduce positionsing to better than a few arcsec since we will use field stars to "register" the images. Our primary concern is to maximise the number of "reference" stars common to the two epochs. Many of our fields are very sparse. A secondary concern is to keep the offsets between the images small so that the distortion corrections are (differentialy) a second order effect, and hence the uncertainties in them are smaller yet. We give in the visit comments the ORIENTs used at the first epoch. We would like the ORIENT for the second epoch to be as close to this value as possible. However, any value within the range specified by the ORIENT special requirement is acceptable. This range has been carefully chosen to ensure all of each object, and an adequate number of reference stars are included in the field of view. In addition we give "backup" ORIENTs in the visit comments. While use of these involves some compromise in the set of reference stars available, they are acceptable if it would otherwise be impossible to schedule the observations. The object coordinates given are the HST coordinates used for the first epoch exposures (Cycle 4). Although, the objects have measurable proper motions, the shifts produced in a two year period will be negligible (a few pixels) from the point of view of pointing the telescope. No proper motion corrections should be applied to the coordinates given. For HH47 and HH111 POS-TARGs have been specified to compensate for the changes in the aperture definitions in the Project data base since the first epoch observations. These corrections are based on information supplied by Colin Cox on 08 Feb 1996. These POS-TARGs are only strictly correct if exactly the same ORIENT is used for the second epoch observations. However, the error is negligible within the range of acceptable ORIENTS. If the backup ORIENTS must be used it will be neccesary to use differnt POS-TARGs for all objects in order to correctly place them in the field. Therefore, please contact us should this proove necessary. Because of the high proper-motions of the objects it is essential that once the observations of a given object have commenced then they are completed (in both filters) within a 2 week period. For HH47, HH111, and HH1-2 all observations can be obtained in a single visit. For HH34 two visits are neccesary which we require be scheduled within 14 days of one another. Calibration Justification ------------------------- None Additional Comments ------------------- We will use sub-pixel dithering to maximise spatial resolution as well as to remove bad pixels. On the other hand, because we are readout noise dominated our exposures are long, and reliable CR removal is also important. We will use a two position dither pattern as a compromise between these two requirements. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6794( 13) - 12/16/98 11:15 - [ 3] Data Distribution Paper Products: Media: 8MM Blocking Factor: 10 Ship To: Dr. J. Morse*University of Colorado*APAS, Campus Box 391*Boulder CO 80309, USA Ship Via: Email: morsey@casa.Colorado.edu ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6794( 13) - 12/16/98 11:15 - [ 4] TARGET LIST a) Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 HH47 ISM, Herbig-Haro RA= 08H 25M 47.32S +/- 1", DEC=- J2000 V = -120 SURF-LINE(6731)=8.2+/-0.1e-15 Object, Bipolar Outflow 51D 00' 11.7" +/- 1", PLATE-ID = W-LINE(6731)=1.1+/-0.1 00AI SURF-LINE(6563)=3.7+/-0.1e-15 W-LINE(6563)=1.9+/-0.1 Comments: Flux data are for HH47B and give the observed (with HST) maximum surface brightness in that knot. Other features of interest are up to 2 orders of magnitude fainter than this. The flux given for 6731 is the sum of the fluxes for the two members of the 6717, 31 doublet. 2 HH111 ISM, Herbig-Haro RA= 05H 51M 43.39S +/- 1", J2000 V = -70 SURF-LINE(6731)=3.9+/-0.1e-14 Object, Bipolar Outflow DEC=+02D 48' 33.9" +/- 1", PLATE W-LINE(6731)=1.8+/-0.1 -ID = 0084 SURF-LINE(6563)=1.6+/-0.1e-14 W-LINE(6563)=2.2+/-0.1 Comments: Flux data are for HH111L and give the observed (with HST) maximum surface brightness in that knot. Other features of interest are up to 2 orders of magnitude fainter than this. The flux given for 6731 is the sum of the fluxes for the two members of the 6717, 31 doublet. 3 HH1-2 ISM, Herbig-Haro RA= 05H 36M 23.36S +/- 1", DEC=- J2000 V = +30 SURF-LINE(6731)=2.0+/-0.1e-13 Object, Bipolar Outflow 06D 46' 17" +/- 1", PLATE-ID = W-LINE(6731)=1.8+/-0.1 02NB SURF-LINE(6563)=1.8+/-0.1e-12 W-LINE(6563)=2.2+/-0.1 Comments: Flux data are for HH2A and give the observed (with HST) maximum surface brightness in that knot. Other features of interest are up to 3 orders of magnitude fainter than this. The flux given for 6731 is the sum of the fluxes for the two members of the 6717, 31 doublet. 4 HH34-P1 ISM, Herbig-Haro RA= 05H 35M 30.22S +/- 1", DEC=- J2000 V = -100 SURF-LINE(6731)=2.4+/-0.1e-14 Object, Bipolar Outflow 06D 27' 46" +/- 1", PLATE-ID = W-LINE(6731)=1.8+/-0.1 02NB SURF-LINE(6563)=3.5+/-0.1e-15 W-LINE(6563)=2.2+/-0.1 Comments: Flux data are for HH34I and give the observed (with HST) maximum surface brightness in that knot. Other features of interest are up to 2 orders of magnitude fainter than this. The flux given for 6731 is the sum of the fluxes for the two members of the 6717, 31 doublet. 6794( 13) - 12/16/98 11:15 - [ 5] Visit: 01 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: ORIENTation 56.0D TO 56.0D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: ORIENT of first epoch exposure 56.0D, STRONGLY PREFERED for second epoch. Fall back range 36D to 70D WF3-FIX Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 101 HH47 WFPC2 IMAGE WF3-FIX F673N CR-SPLIT=DEF 1 2600 S POSition TARGet 1.49, -2.46 MAXimum DURation 5000S MINimum DURation 2400S Comments: POS-TARG approximately corrects for change in WF3-FIX aperture definition since 29/03/94. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 102 HH47 WFPC2 IMAGE WF3-FIX F673N CR-SPLIT=NO 1 1300 S SAME POSition AS 101 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 103 HH47 WFPC2 IMAGE WF3-FIX F656N CR-SPLIT=NO 1 1400 S SAME POSition AS 101 MAXimum DURation 2500S MINimum DURation 1200S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 104 HH47 WFPC2 IMAGE WF3-FIX F656N CR-SPLIT=DEF 1 2800 S SAME POSition AS 101 MAXimum DURation 5000S MINimum DURation 2400S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 150 KSPOTS WFPC2 IMAGE WFALL DEF ATD-GAIN=15 1 1 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 151 KSPOTS WFPC2 IMAGE WFALL DEF ATD-GAIN=15 1 2.6 S SEQ 150-151 NON-INT Comments: schedule lines 150 and 151 at end of visit during occultation ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6794( 13) - 12/16/98 11:15 - [ 6] Visit: 02 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: ORIENT 306.45D TO 306.45D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: ORIENT of first epoch exposure 306.45D, STRONGLY PREFERED for second epoch. Fall back range 306D to 340D WF3-FIX Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 201 HH111 WFPC2 IMAGE WF3-FIX F656N CR-SPLIT=DEF 1 2400 S POSition TARGet -2.00, 0.00 MAXimum DURation 4000S MINimum DURation 2000S Comments: POS-TARG approximately corrects for change in WF3-FIX aperture definition since 14/11/94. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 202 HH111 WFPC2 IMAGE WF3-FIX F656N CR-SPLIT=DEF 1 2600 S SAME POSition AS 201 MAXimum DURation 4000S MINimum DURation 2000S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 203 HH111 WFPC2 IMAGE WF3-FIX F673N CR-SPLIT=DEF 1 2600 S SAME POSition AS 201 MAXimum DURation 4000S MINimum DURation 2000S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 204 HH111 WFPC2 IMAGE WF3-FIX F673N CR-SPLIT=DEF 1 2600 S SAME POSition AS 201 MAXimum DURation 4000S MINimum DURation 2000S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 250 KSPOTS WFPC2 IMAGE WFALL DEF ATD-GAIN=15 1 1 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 251 KSPOTS WFPC2 IMAGE WFALL DEF ATD-GAIN=15 1 2.6 S SEQ 250-251 NON-INT Comments: schedule lines 250 and 251 at end of visit during occultation ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6794( 13) - 12/16/98 11:15 - [ 7] Visit: 03 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: ORIENTation 228D TO 244D SCHEDulability 50% On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: ORIENT of first epoch image 244D. Acceptable range 228D to 244D. Backup ORIENT: 48D to 64D WFALL-FIX. SCHED has been relaxed to 50% to facilitate scheduling. A longer visibility period would however be advantageous if this could be scheduled. Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 301 HH1-2 WFPC2 IMAGE WFALL-F F656N CR-SPLIT=DEF 1 1200 S POSition TARGet 10.0, IX 10.0 MAXimum DURation 1800S MINimum DURation 1000S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 302 HH1-2 WFPC2 IMAGE WFALL-F F656N CR-SPLIT=NO 1 800 S POSition TARGet 10.25, IX 10.25 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 303 HH1-2 WFPC2 IMAGE WFALL-F F673N CR-SPLIT=NO 1 800 S SAME POSition AS 302 IX ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 304 HH1-2 WFPC2 IMAGE WFALL-F F673N CR-SPLIT=DEF 1 1400 S SAME POSition AS 301 IX MAXimum DURation 1800S MINimum DURation 1000S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6794( 13) - 12/16/98 11:15 - [ 8] Visit: 04 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: ORIENTation 267.56D TO 267.56D GROUP 4-5 WITHIN 14D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: ORIENT of first epoch exposure 267.56D. Acceptable range 244D to 271D. Backup ORIENTs: 64D to 91D WFALL-FIX; 285.6 to 315.6 WF2-FIX; 105.6 to 135.6 WF3-FIX; 15.6 to 45.6 WF2-FIX. Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 401 HH34-P1 WFPC2 IMAGE WFALL-F F673N CR-SPLIT=NO 1 2600 S POSition TARGet 10.0, IX 10.0 MAXimum DURation 4000S MINimum DURation 2000S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 402 HH34-P1 WFPC2 IMAGE WFALL-F F673N CR-SPLIT=NO 2 2700 S SAME POSition AS 401 IX MAXimum DURation 4000S MINimum DURation 2000S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 403 HH34-P1 WFPC2 IMAGE WFALL-F F673N CR-SPLIT=NO 2 2700 S POSition TARGet 10.25, IX 10.25 MAXimum DURation 4000S MINimum DURation 2000S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6794( 13) - 12/16/98 11:15 - [ 9] Visit: 05 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: ORIENTation 267.56D TO 267.56D SAME ORIENTation AS 4 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Orient of 267.56 used, as it needs to be absolute for scheduling. If it does not work, the range will be increased as indicated for visit 04. Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 501 HH34-P1 WFPC2 IMAGE WFALL-F F656N CR-SPLIT=NO 1 2600 S POSition TARGet 10.0, IX 10.0 MAXimum DURation 4000S MINimum DURation 2000S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 502 HH34-P1 WFPC2 IMAGE WFALL-F F656N CR-SPLIT=NO 2 2700 S SAME POSition AS 501 IX MAXimum DURation 4000S MINimum DURation 2000S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 503 HH34-P1 WFPC2 IMAGE WFALL-F F656N CR-SPLIT=NO 2 2700 S POSition TARGet 10.25, IX 10.25 MAXimum DURation 4000S MINimum DURation 2000S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6794( 13) - 12/16/98 11:15 - [ 10] Summary Form for Proposal 6794 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures WF3-FIX WFALL WFALL-FIX ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations WFPC2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes IMAGE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters CR-SPLIT=DEF CR-SPLIT=NO ATD-GAIN=15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal Category GO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements ORIENTation 56.0D TO 56.0D POSition TARGet 1.49, -2.46 MAXimum DURation 5000S MINimum DURation 2400S SAME POSition AS 101 SAME POSition AS 101 MAXimum DURation 2500S MINimum DURation 1200S SAME POSition AS 101 MAXimum DURation 5000S MINimum DURation 2400S SEQ 150-151 NON-INT ORIENT 306.45D TO 306.45D POSition TARGet -2.00, 0.00 MAXimum DURation 4000S MINimum DURation 2000S SAME POSition AS 201 MAXimum DURation 4000S MINimum DURation 2000S SEQ 250-251 NON-INT ORIENTation 228D TO 244D SCHEDulability 50% POSition TARGet 10.0, 10.0 MAXimum DURation 1800S MINimum DURation 1000S POSition TARGet 10.25, 10.25 SAME POSition AS 302 SAME POSition AS 301 MAXimum DURation 1800S MINimum DURation 1000S ORIENTation 267.56D TO 267.56D GROUP 4-5 WITHIN 14D POSition TARGet 10.0, 10.0 MAXimum DURation 4000S MINimum DURation 2000S SAME POSition AS 401 MAXimum DURation 4000S MINimum DURation 2000S POSition TARGet 10.25, 10.25 MAXimum DURation 4000S MINimum DURation 2000S ORIENTation 267.56D TO 267.56D SAME ORIENTation AS 4 SAME POSition AS 501 MAXimum DURation 4000S MINimum DURation 2000S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F673N F656N DEF ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names HH47 KSPOTS HH111 HH1-2 HH34-P1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------