6838( 7) - 11/14/97 09:53 - [ 1] PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID: 6838 Version: 7 Check-in Date: 14-Nov-1997 09:52:42 1.Proposal Title: Dynamical Properties of Distant Field Galaxies ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Proposal For 3. Cycle GO 6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4. Investigators Contact? PI: Richard Kron UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO CoI: David Koo Lick Observatory, UCSC N CoI: Marianne Takamiya The University of Chicago Y CoI: S.M. Faber Lick Observatory, UCSC N CoI: Garth Illingworth Lick Observatory, UCSC N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Abstract A sample of several hundred field galaxies to I = 24 (c.f. to I=22 z~0.5 from Lilly et al. 1995) is being observed with the Keck telescope in a major new survey. The distribution of high redshift galaxies bears directly on models for cosmology (via the number-redshift relation) and galaxy evolution. The unique aspect of the new survey is the inclusion of useful line widths from the spectra, providing, for the first time, a sample of high-redshift galaxies with kinematical information. With the addition of an image size scale provided by WFPC2, dynamical parameters can be determined. WFPC2 imaging, the existing faint photometric and spectroscopic database in the Koo-Kron redshift survey fields (Munn et al. 1995), and new Keck spectroscopy combine to form a powerful new database that will advance our studies of cosmology and galaxy evolution at high redshift. We propose to obtain WFPC2 images (F606W and F814W) in one region of the sky, adjacent to existing deep WFPC2 images. This combined region is designed to match the field-of-view of the Keck multiple-object spectrograph. This strategy enables a factor-of-three higher rate of acquisition of spectra for galaxies with measured HST image parameters. Keck spectroscopy in this field has already been successfully initiated, and further Keck observations will proceed in parallel with the new WFPC2 exposures. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6838( 7) - 11/14/97 09:53 - [ 2] Observations Description ------------------------ To describe the selection of the HST target fields, we first need to review the capabilities of LRIS, Keck's low resolution imaging spectrograph. LRIS has a field-of-view of 6' x 8'. Typically 20 - 30 objects can be observed simultaneously and with multiple masks constructed for the same field, eventually all of the galaxies meeting a flux or surface brightness limit can be targeted. The density of field galaxies for I<=22 is about 5 square-arcmin and about 20 square-arcmin to I~24. Thus each WFPC2 field will yield roughly 80 galaxies to the fainter limit. The large majority of these will yield redshifts with Keck, and a substantial fraction will yield line-width measures because of the prevalence of faint galaxies with strong emission lines. A row of 3 adjacent WFPC2 pointings gives an area that fits nicely inside a single LRIS pointing. The common area contains over 200 galaxies with I<24 and will thus support about 8 LRIS masks or about 3 clear nights of Keck observations. We have conducted an extensive search for suitable fields already in the HST archives. The general criteria are: 1) moderately deep exposure (few orbits) in at least one standard broad band (F814W and F606W); 2) high Galactic latitude; 3) no large or bright object contained in the field; 4) far from the Groth strip which we are already targeting (to be certain there is no correlation); 5) adjacent WFPC2 fields to approximate the 6' x 8' field-of- view of LRIS. No fields satisfied all of these criteria, but of course many fields satisfied some of the criteria. We propose to obtain additional HST imaging to establish new fields that will be probed exhaustively with Keck to obtain spectra with high S/N of faint galaxies. To minimize the amount of required HST time, we have worked to take best advantage of the archival exposures that were revealed in our search described above. Our assessment of the best candidates are three pointings in SA68 between FIELD-001702+154814 (GTO 5706, F814W) and FIELD- 001719+154814 (GTO 5706, F814W), and two adjacent pointings on both sides of 53W002 (GO 5308, F814W and F606W), to produce two tile-shaped LRIS field. We will spend one to two orbits per pointing, one orbit in each filter, in SA68 to obtain sufficient S/N to measure high-quality image parameters at I=22 (Phillips et al. 1995). REFERENCES Connolly, A. J., Csabai, I., Szalay, A. S., Koo, D. C., Kron, R. G., and Munn, J. A. 1995, AJ, in press Connolly, A. J. 1995, private communication Driver, S. P., Windhorst, R. A., and Griffiths, R. E., 1995, ApJ, in press Guzman, R., Koo, D. C., Faber, S. M., Illingworth, Takamiya, M., Kron, R. G., and Bershady, M. A. 1996, ApJ (Letters), in press Koo, D.C. & Kron, R.G. 1992, ARAA, 30, 613 Koo, D. C., Guzman, R., Faber, S. M., Illingworth, G. D., Bershady, M. A., Kron, R. G., and Takamiya, M. 1995, 440, L49 Kron, R.G. 1987, in Nearly Normal Galaxies, ed. S.M. Faber (Springer- Verlag:New York), p. 300 Lilly, S. J., Tresse, L., Hammer, F., Crampton, D., and Le Fevre O. 1995, ApJ, in press Munn, J. A., Koo, D. C., Kron, R. G., Majewski, S. R., Bershady, M. A., and Smetanka, J. J., 1995, ApJS, submitted Phillips, A. C. et al., 1995, AJ, submitted Real Time Justification ----------------------- None. An observing run with Keck/LRIS in August 1995 has yielded about 105 redshifts in the SA68 field (00h+15), half of which are fainter than B=25 and I=22. The slit masks were prepared based on image detection of a surrounding 15' x 15' field performed by collaborators R. Brunner, A. Connolly, and A. Szalay of new deep ground-based CCD exposures in B and I. A set of 30 of the new spectra fall within existing WFPC2 fields; the combined Keck+HST data are under study. Another 25 of the existing spectra fall within the currently proposed WFPC2 fields in SA68, and these galaxies will be analyzed for image structure parameters once the WFPC2 data are obtained. By targeting SA68 again with a similar investment of Keck observing time, but focused in the proposed WFPC2 field, we expect to obtain another 100 to 150 new redshifts in the overlapping area of sky. In total, we expect to have about 150 redshifts in this field by end of 1996 with another 150 or so a year later. Half of these will be fainter than I=22, and two thirds of these should overlap with deep WFPC2 fields. These WFPC2 exposures are a combination of exposures already obtained in other programs, and the new pointings that we are proposing here. (We have also targeted the Groth strip which will yield an even higher number of redshifts.) Calibration Justification ------------------------- Additional Comments ------------------- We have chosen the WFPC2 fields to contain as many galaxies with measured redshifts as possible. This results in a tight constraint in orientation angle of the telescope. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6838( 7) - 11/14/97 09:53 - [ 3] Data Distribution Media: 8MM Blocking Factor: 10 Ship To: PI_Address Ship Via: OVERNIGHT Email: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6838( 7) - 11/14/97 09:53 - [ 4] TARGET LIST a) Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 FIELD- CLUSTER OF RA=0H 17M 28.39S +/- J2000.0 V = 22.0+/-1.0 001728+15463 GALAXIES,BLANK 0.1S,DEC=15D 46' 34.1" +/- 1.0" 4 SKY,GALAXY,HIGH REDSHIFT GALAXY Comments: Targets in all WFC's. Bright star (V~15) west of WFC3 avoided with chosen ORIENT angles; ORIENT=117D is preferred. Field with 3 Tully-Fisher galaxies, 2 Faber -Jackson galaxies, and 1 of other interest. PC-FIX centered 4.4 arcsec E and 23.27 arcsec S of galaxy 5498 (Koo & Kron's cat.) with I~20. 2 FIELD- CLUSTER OF RA=0H 17M 12.68S +/- J2000.0 V = 22.0+/-1.0 001712+15491 GALAXIES,BLANK 0.1S,DEC=15D 49' 13.5" +/- 1.0" 3 SKY,GALAXY,HIGH REDSHIFT GALAXY Comments: Targets in all WFC's. Target in WFC3 nears edge of fov. 2 stars in WFC2 of I~17. Good ORIENT's are 32D- 58D; ORIENT=49D is preferred. Field with 3 Tully- Fisher galaxies, 0 Faber-Jackson galaxies, and 1 of other interest. PC-FIX centered between star 7060 and galaxy 6882 (in Koo & Kron's cat.). 3 FIELD- CLUSTER OF RA=00H 17M 19.55S +/- J2000.0 V = 22.0+/-1.0 001719+15453 GALAXIES,BLANK 0.1S,DEC=15D 45' 30.3" +/- 1.0" 0 SKY,GALAXY,HIGH REDSHIFT GALAXY Comments: Targets placed in all WFC's. Bright star (I~15) west of WFC4 avoided. Good ORIENT 92D-100D; ORIENT=92D is preferred. Field with 3 Tully-Fisher galaxies, 0 Faber -Jackson galaxies, and 0 of other interest. PC-FIX centered on galaxy 4607 (in Koo & Kron's cat.). 4 FIELD- CLUSTER OF RA=00H 17M 6.43S +/- J2000.0 V = 22.0+/-1.0 001706+15454 GALAXIES,BLANK 0.1S,DEC=15D 45' 48.8" +/- 1.0" 8 SKY,GALAXY,HIGH REDSHIFT GALAXY Comments: Targets placed in all WFC's. I~16.5 star close to apex of WFPC2. Acceptable ORIENT 73D-100D; ORIENT=85D is preferred. Field with 2 Tully-Fisher galaxies, 0 Faber -Jackson galaxies, and 0 of other interest. PC-FIX centered on galaxy 4790 (in Koo & Kron's cat.). 5 FIELD- CLUSTER OF RA=00H 17M 20.97S +/- J2000.0 V = 22.0+/-1.0 001719+15491 GALAXIES,BLANK 0.1S,DEC=15D 49' 30.4" +/- 1.0" 4 SKY,GALAXY Comments: Field position and ORIENT (240D) chosen to overlap FIELD-001719+154914 (GTO 5706) in F814W. Targets placed in all WFC and PC. Field with 6 Tully-Fisher galaxies, 1 Faber-Jackson galaxies, and 1 of other interest. PC-FIX centered between galaxies 6913 and 7051 (in Koo & Kron's cat.). 6838( 7) - 11/14/97 09:53 - [ 5] Visit: 01 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: ORIENT 115D TO 134D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 FIELD-00172 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F606W 1 2500 S 8+154634 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 FIELD-00172 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F814W 1 2600 S 8+154634 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6838( 7) - 11/14/97 09:53 - [ 6] Visit: 02 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: ORIENT 32D TO 58D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 FIELD-00171 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F606W 1 2500 S 2+154913 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 FIELD-00171 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F814W 1 2600 S 2+154913 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6838( 7) - 11/14/97 09:53 - [ 7] Visit: 03 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: ORIENT 92D TO 100D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 FIELD-00171 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F606W 1 2500 S 9+154530 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 FIELD-00171 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F814W 1 2600 S 9+154530 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6838( 7) - 11/14/97 09:53 - [ 8] Visit: 04 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: ORIENT 73D TO 100D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 FIELD-00170 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F814W 1 2500 S 6+154548 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6838( 7) - 11/14/97 09:53 - [ 9] Visit: 05 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: ORIENT 240D TO 240D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 FIELD-00171 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F606W 1 2500 S 9+154914 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6838( 7) - 11/14/97 09:53 - [ 10] Summary Form for Proposal 6838 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations WFPC2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes IMAGE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal Category GO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements ORIENT 115D TO 134D ORIENT 32D TO 58D ORIENT 92D TO 100D ORIENT 73D TO 100D ORIENT 240D TO 240D ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F606W F814W ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names FIELD-001728+154634 FIELD-001712+154913 FIELD-001719+154530 FIELD-001706+154548 FIELD-001719+154914 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------