7280( 7) - 07/07/97 20:41 - [ 1] PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID: 7280 Version: 7 Check-in Date: 07-Jul-1997 20:40:30 1.Proposal Title: Structures and colours of the oldest galaxies at redshift 1.5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Scientific Category 3. Proposal For 4. Cycle GALAXIES GO 7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Investigators Contact? PI: JOHN PEACOCK UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH CoI: Rogier Windhorst Arizona State University N CoI: James Dunlop University of Edinburgh N CoI: Hyron Spinrad University of California N CoI: Daniel Stern University of California N CoI: Arjun Dey NOAO N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Abstract This proposal is to measure the detailed image structure of the two oldest galaxies presently known at high redshift. The 1-mJy radio galaxies 53W091 and 53W069 have ages of 3.5 Gyr at z=1.55 and 4.5 Gyr at z=1.43, based on rest-frame UV stellar absorption features from Keck LRIS spectra. These are the first high-redshift galaxies for which detailed studies of stellar populations have proved possible. The robust conclusion is that these objects must have formed at z>5, and it is important to understand what kind of galaxies they are. We therefore proposed to image 53W091 and 53W069 in three wavebands, allowing us to map their overall morphology in the rest-frame UV and on either side of the 4000-Angstrom break. If these are passively- evolving precursors of present-day ellipticals, then they should have de Vaucouleurs' profiles and characteristic radial colour gradients. Measuring these parameters would place the galaxies on the fundamental plane and thus measure their masses and metallicities, tying down more precisely their stellar ages. Given an allocation reduced to 9 orbits, we propose now to concentrate on the longer- wavelength imaging. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7280( 7) - 07/07/97 20:41 - [ 2] Observations Description ------------------------ Both 53W069 and 53W091 have very similar observational parameters: magnitudes in a 4-arcsec diameter aperture of approximately R=24.6, I=23.8, J=20.5. Both are marginally resolved; if they have r^1/4 profiles (which we require HST data to test), then r_e~eq 0.5 arcsec. This corresponds to 2.1 h^-1 kpc (Omega=1) in both cases, since the redshifts are very similar (z=1.43 for 53W069 and z=1.55 for 53W091). We note that 53W091 has two slightly (0.5 mag.) fainter companions within 10 arcsec which have similar colours to the radio galaxy, and which are plausibly at the same redshift (confirmed by a lower-S/N Keck spectrum of one of them), and it will be interesting to compare these with the radio galaxies. We intend to observe in the F814W (I band) with WFPC2 and F110W (J band) with NICMOS, which are the closest sensitive equivalents to rest-frame U and B. For the optical band we would place the galaxy in the WFC rather than the PC, since surface-brightness sensitivity is of greater importance than the best sampling of the nucleus. For the J observations, we would use the NICMOS camera 2, where the 0.075'' pixels are comparable to those of the WFC's 0.1''. For these configurations, the 1-hour 1-sigma sensitivities for objects of this spectral shape are approximately I=25.2 and J=22.3 mag arcsec^-2, giving S/N per pixel at r_e of respectively 0.8 and 0.9 in 1 orbit. Given our allocation of 9 orbits, we will spend 2 orbits in each of F814W and F110W per target, sub- dividing each orbit into several dithered exposures. This strategy allows proper rejection of cosmic rays and a sub-pixel gridding strategy to improve the spatial sampling of the images in the most sensitive wavebands. The remaining orbit will be devoted to further F110W imaging for 53W069, which is the elder of the two galaxies. Real Time Justification ----------------------- None. Calibration Justification ------------------------- None. Additional Comments ------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Data Distribution Media: ELECTRONIC Blocking Factor: 10 Ship To: PI_Address Ship Via: Email: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7280( 7) - 07/07/97 20:41 - [ 3] TARGET LIST a) Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 53W069 GALAXY,RADIO GALAXY RA=17H 20M 2.54S +/- J2000 Z = 1.43 V = 25.0+/-0.3 0.3",DEC=49D 44' 51.3" +/- 0.3" 2 53W091 GALAXY,RADIO GALAXY RA=17H 22M 32.73S +/- J2000 Z = 1.55 V = 25.0+/-0.3 0.3",DEC=50D 6' 1.9" +/- 0.3" 7280( 7) - 07/07/97 20:41 - [ 4] Visit: 01 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 110 53W069 NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F110W 11035 PATTERN=SPIRAL-DITH ,NUM-POS=4, 1 DEF PARallel 111-111 WITH 110 CUM DITH-SIZE=1.9125,SAMP-SEQ=MIF512, NSAMP=25 Comments: Place (RA,DEC) IN MOST SENSITIVE, CLEAN PART OF NIC2, NOT NECESSARILY EXACTLY IN THE MIDDLE OF NIC2. HOWEVER, DON'T MOVE IT TOO FAR FROM THE MIDDLE OF NIC2, OR MAY LOOSE THE TARGET ALTOGETHER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 111 53W069 NIC3 MULTIAC NIC3 G141 15100 SAMP-SEQ=SPARS256 ,NSAMP=4 1 DEF CUM Comments: Please adjust parallel exposure times downward to fit inside primary exposure times of Nx514 sec. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 120 53W069 NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F110W 11035 SAMP-SEQ=STEP32 ,NSAMP=21 1 DEF PARallel 121-121 WITH 120 CUM Comments: Place (RA,DEC) IN MOST SENSITIVE, CLEAN PART OF NIC2, NOT NECESSARILY EXACTLY IN THE MIDDLE OF NIC2. HOWEVER, DON'T MOVE IT TOO FAR FROM THE MIDDLE OF NIC2, OR MAY LOOSE THE TARGET ALTOGETHER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 121 53W069 NIC3 MULTIAC NIC3 F160W 15931 SAMP-SEQ=SPARS64 ,NSAMP=9 1 DEF CUM Comments: Please adjust parallel exposure times downward to fit inside primary exposure times of Nx514 sec. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 130 53W069 NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F110W 11035 PATTERN=SPIRAL-DITH ,NUM-POS=5, 1 DEF PARallel 131-131 WITH 130 CUM DITH-SIZE=1.9125,SAMP-SEQ=MIF512 ,NSAMP=25 Comments: Place (RA,DEC) IN MOST SENSITIVE, CLEAN PART OF NIC2, NOT NECESSARILY EXACTLY IN THE MIDDLE OF NIC2. HOWEVER, DON'T MOVE IT TOO FAR FROM THE MIDDLE OF NIC2, OR MAY LOOSE THE TARGET ALTOGETHER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 131 53W069 NIC3 MULTIAC NIC3 G141 15100 SAMP-SEQ=SPARS256 ,NSAMP=4 1 DEF CUM Comments: Please adjust parallel exposure times downward to fit inside primary exposure times of Nx514 sec. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7280( 7) - 07/07/97 20:41 - [ 5] Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 140 53W069 NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F110W 11035 PATTERN=SPIRAL-DITH ,NUM-POS=5, 1 DEF PARallel 141-141 WITH 140 CUM DITH-SIZE=1.9125,SAMP-SEQ=MIF512 ,NSAMP=25 Comments: Place (RA,DEC) IN MOST SENSITIVE, CLEAN PART OF NIC2, NOT NECESSARILY EXACTLY IN THE MIDDLE OF NIC2. HOWEVER, DON'T MOVE IT TOO FAR FROM THE MIDDLE OF NIC2, OR MAY LOOSE THE TARGET ALTOGETHER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 141 53W069 NIC3 MULTIAC NIC3 G141 15100 SAMP-SEQ=SPARS256 ,NSAMP=4 1 DEF CUM Comments: Please adjust parallel exposure times downward to fit inside primary exposure times of Nx514 sec. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7280( 7) - 07/07/97 20:41 - [ 6] Visit: 02 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 210 53W069 WFPC2 IMAGE WF3-FIX F814W 8140 SUM = 1x1,READ = YES,CR-SPLIT = 2 1180 S POS TARG +0.00000, NO,CR-TOLERANCE = 0.1,CLOCKS = NO +0.00000; EXPAND NO SPLIT ,ATD-GAIN = 7 PARallel 211-213 WITH 210 Comments: PLEASE HELP US EXPAND THE WFPC2 EXPOSURES TO FILL THE ENTIRE ORBIT. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 211 53W069 NIC3 MULTIAC NIC3 F160W 15931 SAMP-SEQ=MIF1024 ,NSAMP=22 1 DEF CUM Comments: Please adjust parallel exposure times downward to fit inside primary exposure times of Nx1100 sec. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 212 53W069 NIC3 MULTIAC NIC3 G141 15100 SAMP-SEQ=MIF1024 ,NSAMP=22 1 DEF CUM Comments: Please adjust parallel exposure times downward to fit inside primary exposure times of Nx1100 sec. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 213 53W069 NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F110W 11035 SAMP-SEQ=MIF1024 ,NSAMP=22 2 DEF CUM Comments: Please adjust parallel exposure times downward to fit inside primary exposure times of Nx1100 sec. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 220 53W069 WFPC2 IMAGE WF3-FIX F814W 8140 SUM = 1x1,READ = YES,CR-SPLIT = 2 1320 S POS TARG +0.24900, NO,CR-TOLERANCE = 0.1,CLOCKS = NO +0.24900; EXPAND NO SPLIT ,ATD-GAIN = 7 PARallel 221-223 WITH 220 Comments: Both FGS'S to return to at SAME (X,Y)-pos after RE-ACQ and FULL ACQ guide stars for SEQ 1-2. Roll telescope if needed to (RE-)acquire at SAME pos, but do NOT do spiral search of 2nd FGS, if possible. PLEASE HELP US EXPAND THE WFPC2 EXPOSURES TO FILL THE ENTIRE ORBIT. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 221 53W069 NIC3 MULTIAC NIC3 G141 15100 SAMP-SEQ=MIF1024 ,NSAMP=24 1 DEF CUM Comments: Please adjust parallel exposure times downward to fit inside primary exposure times of Nx1100 sec. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 222 53W069 NIC3 MULTIAC NIC3 G141 15100 SAMP-SEQ=MIF1024 ,NSAMP=24 1 DEF CUM Comments: Please adjust parallel exposure times downward to fit inside primary exposure times of Nx1100 sec. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7280( 7) - 07/07/97 20:41 - [ 7] Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 223 53W069 NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F160W 15931 SAMP-SEQ=MIF1024 ,NSAMP=24 2 DEF CUM Comments: Please adjust parallel exposure times downward to fit inside primary exposure times of Nx1100 sec. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7280( 7) - 07/07/97 20:41 - [ 8] Visit: 03 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 310 53W091 NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F110W 11035 PATTERN=SPIRAL-DITH ,NUM-POS=4, 1 DEF PARallel 311-311 WITH 310 CUM DITH-SIZE=1.9125,SAMP-SEQ=MIF512 ,NSAMP=25 Comments: Place (RA,DEC) IN MOST SENSITIVE, CLEAN PART OF NIC2, NOT NECESSARILY EXACTLY IN THE MIDDLE OF NIC2. HOWEVER, DON'T MOVE IT TOO FAR FROM THE MIDDLE OF NIC2, OR MAY LOOSE THE TARGET ALTOGETHER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 311 53W091 NIC3 MULTIAC NIC3 G141 15100 SAMP-SEQ=SPARS256 ,NSAMP=4 1 DEF CUM Comments: Please adjust parallel exposure times downward to fit inside primary exposure times of Nx514 sec. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 320 53W091 NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F110W 11035 SAMP-SEQ=STEP32 ,NSAMP=20 1 DEF PARallel 321-321 WITH 320 CUM Comments: Place (RA,DEC) IN MOST SENSITIVE, CLEAN PART OF NIC2, NOT NECESSARILY EXACTLY IN THE MIDDLE OF NIC2. HOWEVER, DON'T MOVE IT TOO FAR FROM THE MIDDLE OF NIC2, OR MAY LOOSE THE TARGET ALTOGETHER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 321 53W091 NIC3 MULTIAC NIC3 F160W 15931 SAMP-SEQ=SPARS64 ,NSAMP=8 1 DEF CUM Comments: Please adjust parallel exposure times downward to fit inside primary exposure times of Nx514 sec. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 330 53W091 NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F110W 11035 PATTERN=SPIRAL-DITH ,NUM-POS=5, 1 DEF PARallel 331-333 WITH 330 CUM DITH-SIZE=1.9125,SAMP-SEQ=MIF512 ,NSAMP=25 Comments: Place (RA,DEC) IN MOST SENSITIVE, CLEAN PART OF NIC2, NOT NECESSARILY EXACTLY IN THE MIDDLE OF NIC2. HOWEVER, DON'T MOVE IT TOO FAR FROM THE MIDDLE OF NIC2, OR MAY LOOSE THE TARGET ALTOGETHER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 331 53W091 NIC3 MULTIAC NIC3 G141 15100 SAMP-SEQ=SPARS64 ,NSAMP=10 1 DEF CUM Comments: Please adjust parallel exposure times downward to fit inside primary exposure times of Nx514 sec. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7280( 7) - 07/07/97 20:41 - [ 9] Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 333 53W091 NIC1 MULTIAC NIC1 F160W 15931 SAMP-SEQ=SPARS64 ,NSAMP=10 1 DEF CUM Comments: Please adjust parallel exposure times downward to fit inside primary exposure times of Nx514 sec. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7280( 7) - 07/07/97 20:41 - [ 10] Visit: 04 Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 410 53W091 WFPC2 IMAGE WF3-FIX F814W 8140 SUM = 1x1,READ = YES,CR-SPLIT = 2 1200 S POS TARG +0.00000, NO,CR-TOLERANCE = 0.1,CLOCKS = NO +0.00000; EXPAND NO SPLIT ,ATD-GAIN = 7 PARallel 411-413 WITH 410 Comments: PLEASE HELP US EXPAND THE WFPC2 EXPOSURES TO FILL THE ENTIRE ORBIT. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 411 53W091 NIC3 MULTIAC NIC3 F160W 15931 SAMP-SEQ=MIF1024 ,NSAMP=22 1 DEF CUM Comments: Please adjust parallel exposure times downward to fit inside primary exposure times of Nx1100 sec. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 412 53W091 NIC3 MULTIAC NIC3 G141 15100 SAMP-SEQ=MIF1024 ,NSAMP=22 1 DEF CUM Comments: Please adjust parallel exposure times downward to fit inside primary exposure times of Nx1100 sec. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 413 53W091 NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F110W 11035 SAMP-SEQ=MIF1024 ,NSAMP=22 2 DEF CUM Comments: Please adjust parallel exposure times downward to fit inside primary exposure times of Nx1100 sec. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 420 53W091 WFPC2 IMAGE WF3-FIX F814W 8140 SUM = 1x1,READ = YES,CR-SPLIT = 2 1290 S POS TARG +0.24900, NO,CR-TOLERANCE = 0.1,CLOCKS = NO +0.24900; EXPAND NO SPLIT ,ATD-GAIN = 7 PARallel 421-423 WITH 420 Comments: Both FGS'S to return to at SAME (X,Y)-pos after RE-ACQ and FULL ACQ guide stars for SEQ 1-2. Roll telescope if needed to (RE-)acquire at SAME pos, but do NOT do spiral search of 2nd FGS, if possible. PLEASE HELP US EXPAND THE WFPC2 EXPOSURES TO FILL THE ENTIRE ORBIT. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 421 53W091 NIC3 MULTIAC NIC3 G141 15100 SAMP-SEQ=MIF1024 ,NSAMP=24 1 DEF CUM Comments: Please adjust parallel exposure times downward to fit inside primary exposure times of Nx1100 sec. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 422 53W091 NIC3 MULTIAC NIC3 G141 15100 SAMP-SEQ=MIF1024 ,NSAMP=24 1 DEF CUM Comments: Please adjust parallel exposure times downward to fit inside primary exposure times of Nx1100 sec. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7280( 7) - 07/07/97 20:41 - [ 11] Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 423 53W091 NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F160W 15931 SAMP-SEQ=MIF1024 ,NSAMP=24 2 DEF CUM Comments: Please adjust parallel exposure times downward to fit inside primary exposure times of Nx1100 sec. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7280( 7) - 07/07/97 20:41 - [ 12] Summary Form for Proposal 7280 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations NIC2 NIC3 WFPC2 NIC1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes MULTIACCUM IMAGE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters PATTERN=SPIRAL-DITH NUM-POS=4 DITH-SIZE=1.9125 SAMP-SEQ=MIF512 NSAMP=25 NSAMP=4 NSAMP=21 NSAMP=9 NUM-POS=5 SAMP-SEQ=SPARS256 ATD-GAIN = 7 NSAMP=22 SAMP-SEQ=MIF1024 CLOCKS = NO NSAMP=24 NSAMP=20 NSAMP=8 NSAMP=10 SAMP-SEQ=SPARS64 CR-TOLERANCE = 0.1 CR-SPLIT = NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal Category GO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Scientific Category GALAXIES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements PARallel 111-111 WITH 110 PARallel 121-121 WITH 120 PARallel 131-131 WITH 130 PARallel 141-141 WITH 140 POS TARG +0.00000,+0.00000; EXPAND NO SPLIT PARallel 211-213 WITH 210 POS TARG +0.24900,+0.24900; EXPAND NO SPLIT PARallel 221-223 WITH 220 PARallel 311-311 WITH 310 PARallel 321-321 WITH 320 PARallel 331-333 WITH 330 POS TARG +0.00000,+0.00000; EXPAND NO SPLIT PARallel 411-413 WITH 410 POS TARG +0.24900,+0.24900; EXPAND NO SPLIT PARallel 421-423 WITH 420 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F110W G141 F160W F814W ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names 53W069 53W091 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------