7860( 5) - 07/22/98 09:52 - [ 1] PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID: 7860 Version: 5 Check-in Date: 22-Jul-1998 09:47:38 1.Proposal Title: The Optical Emission Line Nebulae of High Redshift Radio Galaxies ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Proposal For 3. Cycle GO 7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4. Investigators Contact? PI: Lee Armus California Institute of Technology CoI: Baruch T. Soifer California Institute of Technology N CoI: Gerry Neugebauer California Institute of Technology N CoI: Aaron S. Evans California Institute of Technology N CoI: Thomas W. Murphy Jr. California Institute of Technology N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Abstract We propose to use the high-resolution infrared imaging capabilities of NICMOS to image three powerful, z>2 radio galaxies in the light of redshifted OIII and HAlpha+NII to map their bright, optical emission--line morphologies on scales as small as 1-2 kpc. We will compare the sizes and detailed structures of the nebulae to the radio and visual continuum morphologies on sub-galactic size scales, and relate them to those found in lower redshift radio galaxies studied with HST and ground-based observatories over the same wavelength region. By combining these data with spatially resolved near infrared spectra of these objects obtained with the W.M. Keck and Hale 200 inch Telescopes, we will explore the relationship between the morphology, the excitation, and the dynamics of the optical emission--line nebulae for the first time in radio galaxies at redshifts of z>2. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7860( 5) - 07/22/98 09:52 - [ 2] Observations Description ------------------------ Our goal in this proposal is to image three high redshift radio galaxies in the light of strong visual emission features using NICMOS. The targets have known, extended optical emission features which fall within either the narrow or medium width filters available in NIC2. All three targets will be imaged in redshifted OIII using the F164N, F212N, and F237M filters, and neighboring continuum using the F187W filter. 4C +40.36 will also be imaged in redshifted HAlpha+NII with the F215N filter. The exceptionally strong and extended OIII line emission in 4C +19.71 ensures that the emission line will dominate even the medium width F237M filter. Note we have elected to image 4C +40.36 in the F187W filter in both NIC1 and NIC2 in order to provide a continuum image in the same filter at both pixel samplings. The emission--line fluxes of the target galaxies are 2-5times10^- 18 W m^-2 over the central 1-2 arcseconds for both OIII and HAlpha+NII in 4C +39.37 and 4C +40.36. The total OIII 5007 Angstrom flux of 4C +19.71 is sim2*10^-18 W m^-2. The emission line sources are resolved on scales of 1-10'' in the target galaxies, and they may be clumpy, or filamentary at the resolution of NICMOS (similar to what is seen in low redshift radio galaxies in these emission lines). Although a completely diffuse source will be difficult to detect with NICMOS, hotspots, filaments and small scale structures will be fairly easy to detect. We estimate that a S/N >10 per resolution element can be obtained in 3 orbits for unresolved emission--line clumps having 1/10-1/30th the line flux measured for each target in small apertures. Thus, if the nebulae break up into as many as 10-30 sources of comparable brightness unresolved structures in the narrow--band images, each of these will be easily detected without binning the data. Note that 4C +40.36 appears twice in the target list. Since the F164N filter, necessary to obtain the OIII image of this source, is not available in NIC2, we must perform the OIII observation with NIC1. This may result in lower S/N per pixel in the outer OIII nebula in this object but should still provide us with a high S/N OIII image and OIII-to- HAlpha+NII line ratio map out to radii of ~40 kpc. We are requesting short (1 orbit each) broad--band filter measurements using the F187W filter for each target for two reasons. First, by subtracting scaled versions of these broad--band continuum images from the narrow--band images we will be able to produce pure emission--line images of each object which are accurate down to very small radii, i.e. in the body of the galaxy where the NICMOS observations have the most gain over the ground. We will determine the scale factor for the subtraction from line-free objects in the fields and from the Keck grism spectra which accurately measure the continua slope. Second, these line--free continuum images will provide us high resolution images of the nuclear environments and allow us to trace the morphologies of the galaxies themselves on comparable scales. The F187W images should achieve a S/N ~10 for a 2MuJy point source (K=21.2 mag, H=22.7 mag), about 1.0-1.5 mag fainter than what we are seeing in the Keck data. With the NICMOS data we will be able to directly compare the emission--line and continuum morphologies on scales as small as 1-2 kpc. Since all three sources have nearby (Delta r < 1') stars, we will use a small fraction of each filter sequence to measure an accurate PSF. Real Time Justification ----------------------- None We are currently involved in a large project with the W.M. Keck Telescope to obtain spatially resolved near infrared grism spectra of a large sample of radio galaxies with z >2, selected so that one or more of the strongest optical emission features falls within the H and/or K atmospheric windows. Although these observations are of low spectral resolution (R~80), we are able to map out extended line emission in these distant sources on scales of ~10-300 kpc with integrations of 2-3 hours per spectrum, on average. The Keck observations have the twin goals of measuring the gross dynamics and extent of the optical emission--line nebulae as well as determining the true continuum flux from these galaxies. The Keck spectra cannot, however, provide high spatial resolution, 2-D maps of the nebulae. Besides the limited resolution (typically 7-10 kpc at z=2-3) the spectra are obtained through narrow, 0.7'' wide, slits whose position angles on the sky are constrained by available, bright optical guide stars. As is clear from our OIII image of 4C +19.71, a narrow slit spectrum can indicate extended emission, but the inferred morphology may strongly depend upon the exact position angle of the slit. Along with the Keck observations, we are obtaining high spectral resolution (R~800) data with the 200 inch Hale Telescope on Palomar for all the high redshift radio galaxies showing strong line emission in the Keck grism data. The Palomar spectra are allowing us to separate out blended emission features in the Keck data (such as HAlpha+NII) as well as accurately map the kinematics of the brightest emission- line regions. Calibration Justification ------------------------- Additional Comments ------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7860( 5) - 07/22/98 09:52 - [ 3] Data Distribution Media: DAT Blocking Factor: 10 Ship To: PI_Address Ship Via: Email: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7860( 5) - 07/22/98 09:52 - [ 4] TARGET LIST a) Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 4C+40.36 GALAXY, RADIO GALAXY, RA=18H 10M 55.63S +/- 0.1S, J2000 Z = K = 19.0+/-0.5 GALAXY, EMISSION LINE DEC=40D 45' 23.3" +/- 0.5" 2.269 NEBULA 2 4C+40.36- STAR RA=18H 10M 59.2S +/- 0.1S, J2000 K = 14.5+/-0.1 STAR DEC=40D 45' 49.3" +/- 0.5" 3 4C+39.37 GALAXY, RADIO GALAXY, RA=12H 35M 4.80S +/- 0.1S, J2000 Z = K = 19.0+/-0.5 GALAXY, EMISSION LINE DEC=39D 25' 37.7" +/- 0.5" 3.220 NEBULA 4 4C+19.71 GALAXY, RADIO GALAXY, RA=21H 44M 7.47S +/- 0.1S, J2000 Z = K = 19.0+/-0.5 GALAXY, EMISSION LINE DEC=19D 29' 14.2" +/- 0.5" 3.594 NEBULA 5 4C+19.71- STAR RA=21H 44M 7.70S +/- 0.1S, J2000 K = 16.1+/-0.3 STAR DEC=19D 29' 3.2" +/- 0.5" 7860( 5) - 07/22/98 09:52 - [ 5] Visit: 01 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: SCHED 30% Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 4C+40.36 NIC1 MULTIAC NIC1 F164N PATTERN=SPIRAL-DITH, 1 DEF CUM DITH-SIZE=1.102,NUM-POS=5, PATTERN-ORIENT=DETECTOR, SAMP-SEQ=STEP64,NSAMP=16 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11 4C+40.36-ST NIC1 MULTIAC NIC1 F164N SAMP-SEQ=STEP32,NSAMP=10 1 DEF SEQ 10, 11 NON-INT AR CUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12 4C+40.36 NIC1 MULTIAC NIC1 F164N PATTERN=SPIRAL-DITH, 1 DEF SEQ 12, 13 NON-INT CUM DITH-SIZE=1.102,NUM-POS=5, PATTERN-ORIENT=DETECTOR, SAMP-SEQ=STEP64,NSAMP=16 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13 4C+40.36-ST NIC1 MULTIAC NIC1 F164N SAMP-SEQ=STEP32,NSAMP=12 1 DEF SEQ 12, 13 NON-INT AR CUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14 4C+40.36 NIC1 MULTIAC NIC1 F164N PATTERN=SPIRAL-DITH, 1 DEF SEQ 14, 16, 18 NON-INT CUM DITH-SIZE=1.102,NUM-POS=4, PATTERN-ORIENT=DETECTOR, SAMP-SEQ=STEP64,NSAMP=16 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16 4C+40.36 NIC1 MULTIAC NIC1 F145M SAMP-SEQ=STEP64,NSAMP=16 1 DEF SEQ 14, 16, 18 NON-INT CUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 18 4C+40.36-ST NIC1 MULTIAC NIC1 F145M PATTERN=SPIRAL-DITH, 1 DEF SEQ 14, 16, 18 NON-INT AR CUM DITH-SIZE=1.102,NUM-POS=2, PATTERN-ORIENT=DETECTOR, SAMP-SEQ=STEP16,NSAMP=9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 4C+40.36 NIC1 MULTIAC NIC1 F145M PATTERN=SPIRAL-DITH, 1 DEF SEQ 20, 22 NON-INT CUM DITH-SIZE=1.102,NUM-POS=5, PATTERN-ORIENT=DETECTOR, SAMP-SEQ=STEP64,NSAMP=16 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 22 4C+40.36-ST NIC1 MULTIAC NIC1 F145M PATTERN=SPIRAL-DITH, 1 DEF SEQ 20, 22 NON-INT AR CUM DITH-SIZE=1.102,NUM-POS=2, PATTERN-ORIENT=DETECTOR, SAMP-SEQ=STEP16,NSAMP=9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7860( 5) - 07/22/98 09:52 - [ 6] Visit: 02 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: SCHED 30% Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 30 4C+40.36 NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F215N PATTERN=SPIRAL-DITH, 1 DEF SEQ 30, 31 NON-INT CUM DITH-SIZE=1.938,NUM-POS=5, PATTERN-ORIENT=DETECTOR, SAMP-SEQ=STEP64,NSAMP=16 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 31 4C+40.36-ST NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F215N SAMP-SEQ=STEP32,NSAMP=10 1 DEF SEQ 30, 31 NON-INT AR CUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 32 4C+40.36 NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F215N PATTERN=SPIRAL-DITH, 1 DEF SEQ 32, 33 NON-INT CUM DITH-SIZE=1.938,NUM-POS=5, PATTERN-ORIENT=DETECTOR, SAMP-SEQ=STEP64,NSAMP=16 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 33 4C+40.36-ST NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F215N SAMP-SEQ=STEP32,NSAMP=11 1 DEF SEQ 32, 33 NON-INT AR CUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 34 4C+40.36 NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F215N PATTERN=SPIRAL-DITH, 1 DEF SEQ 34, 40, 42 NON-INT CUM DITH-SIZE=1.938,NUM-POS=4, PATTERN-ORIENT=DETECTOR, SAMP-SEQ=STEP64,NSAMP=16 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 40 4C+40.36 NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187W SAMP-SEQ=STEP64,NSAMP=16 1 DEF SEQ 34, 40, 42 NON-INT CUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 42 4C+40.36-ST NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187W PATTERN=SPIRAL-DITH, 1 DEF SEQ 34, 40, 42 NON-INT AR CUM DITH-SIZE=1.938,NUM-POS=3, PATTERN-ORIENT=DETECTOR, SAMP-SEQ=STEP8,NSAMP=8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 50 4C+40.36 NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187W PATTERN=SPIRAL-DITH, 1 DEF SEQ 50, 52 NON-INT CUM DITH-SIZE=1.938,NUM-POS=5, PATTERN-ORIENT=DETECTOR, SAMP-SEQ=STEP64,NSAMP=16 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 52 4C+40.36-ST NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187W PATTERN=SPIRAL-DITH, 1 DEF SEQ 50, 52 NON-INT AR CUM DITH-SIZE=1.938,NUM-POS=3, PATTERN-ORIENT=DETECTOR, SAMP-SEQ=STEP8,NSAMP=8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7860( 5) - 07/22/98 09:52 - [ 7] Visit: 03 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: SCHED 30% Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 4C+39.37 NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F212N PATTERN=SPIRAL-DITH, 1 DEF CUM DITH-SIZE=1.938,NUM-POS=5, PATTERN-ORIENT=DETECTOR, SAMP-SEQ=STEP64,NSAMP=16 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 4C+39.37 NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F212N PATTERN=SPIRAL-DITH, 1 DEF CUM DITH-SIZE=1.938,NUM-POS=5, PATTERN-ORIENT=DETECTOR, SAMP-SEQ=STEP64,NSAMP=16 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 30 4C+39.37 NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F212N PATTERN=SPIRAL-DITH, 1 DEF CUM DITH-SIZE=1.938,NUM-POS=4, PATTERN-ORIENT=DETECTOR, SAMP-SEQ=STEP64,NSAMP=16 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 50 4C+39.37 NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187W PATTERN=SPIRAL-DITH, 1 DEF CUM DITH-SIZE=1.938,NUM-POS=6, PATTERN-ORIENT=DETECTOR, SAMP-SEQ=STEP64,NSAMP=16 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7860( 5) - 07/22/98 09:52 - [ 8] Visit: 04 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: SCHED 30% Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 4C+19.71 NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F237M PATTERN=SPIRAL-DITH, 1 DEF CUM DITH-SIZE=1.938,NUM-POS=5, PATTERN-ORIENT=DETECTOR, SAMP-SEQ=STEP64,NSAMP=16 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13 4C+19.71 NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F237M PATTERN=SPIRAL-DITH, 1 DEF CUM DITH-SIZE=1.938,NUM-POS=5, PATTERN-ORIENT=DETECTOR, SAMP-SEQ=STEP64,NSAMP=16 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 15 4C+19.71 NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F237M PATTERN=SPIRAL-DITH, 1 DEF CUM DITH-SIZE=1.938,NUM-POS=4, PATTERN-ORIENT=DETECTOR, SAMP-SEQ=STEP64,NSAMP=16 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 4C+19.71 NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187W SAMP-SEQ=STEP64,NSAMP=16 1 DEF CUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 45 4C+19.71 NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187W PATTERN=SPIRAL-DITH, 1 DEF SEQ 45, 47, 48, 50 CUM DITH-SIZE=1.938,NUM-POS=4, NON-INT PATTERN-ORIENT=DETECTOR, SAMP-SEQ=STEP64,NSAMP=16 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 47 4C+19.71-ST NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187W PATTERN=SPIRAL-DITH, 1 DEF SEQ 45, 47, 48, 50 AR CUM DITH-SIZE=1.938,NUM-POS=2, NON-INT PATTERN-ORIENT=DETECTOR, SAMP-SEQ=STEP16,NSAMP=8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 48 4C+19.71-ST NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F237M PATTERN=SPIRAL-DITH, 1 DEF SEQ 45, 47, 48, 50 AR CUM DITH-SIZE=1.938,NUM-POS=2, NON-INT PATTERN-ORIENT=DETECTOR, SAMP-SEQ=STEP16,NSAMP=12 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 50 4C+19.71-ST NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F212N SAMP-SEQ=STEP32,NSAMP=12 1 DEF SEQ 45, 47, 48, 50 AR CUM NON-INT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7860( 5) - 07/22/98 09:52 - [ 9] Summary Form for Proposal 7860 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures NIC1 NIC2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations NIC1 NIC2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes MULTIACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters PATTERN=SPIRAL-DITH DITH-SIZE=1.102 NUM-POS=5 PATTERN-ORIENT=DETECTOR SAMP-SEQ=STEP64 NSAMP=16 NSAMP=10 NSAMP=12 NUM-POS=4 NSAMP=9 SAMP-SEQ=STEP16 DITH-SIZE=1.938 SAMP-SEQ=STEP32 NSAMP=11 NSAMP=8 SAMP-SEQ=STEP8 NUM-POS=6 NUM-POS=2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal Category GO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements SEQ 10, 11 NON-INT SEQ 12, 13 NON-INT SEQ 14, 16, 18 NON-INT SEQ 20, 22 NON-INT SEQ 30, 31 NON-INT SEQ 32, 33 NON-INT SEQ 34, 40, 42 NON-INT SEQ 50, 52 NON-INT SEQ 45, 47, 48, 50 NON-INT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F164N F145M F215N F187W F212N F237M ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names 4C+40.36 4C+40.36-STAR 4C+39.37 4C+19.71 4C+19.71-STAR ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------