8099( 9) - 09/23/99 16:34 - [ 1] PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID: 8099 Version: 9 Check-in Date: 23-Sep-1999 16:33:03 1.Proposal Title: Imaging the Circumstellar Environments of the Cool Hypergiants ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Proposal For 3. Cycle GO 8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4. Investigators Contact? PI: Roberta Humphreys University of Minnesota - Twin Cities CoI: Dr. Terry Jones University of Minnesota N CoI: Dr. Robert Gehrz University of Minnesota N CoI: Dr. Kris Davidson University of Minnesota N CoI: Mr. Nathan Smith Boston University N CoI: Dr. Joachim Krautter Landessternwarte, Heidelberg N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Abstract The cool hypergiants are evolved massive stars that lie just below the empirical upper luminosity boundary in the HR Diagram, with spectral types ranging from late A to M. Our recent observations of two of these stars have yielded surprising results about their circumstellar environments including evidence for bi-polarity, equatorial disks, and multiple high mass loss events. To fully understand their mass loss histories, we need to sample these stars at a variety of stages during their brief evolution as cool hypergiants. We propose high resolution imaging of 8 of the most luminous known cool stars. The presence or lack of fossil shells, equatorial ejecta, jets and other structures in their circumstellar environments will be a record of their current and prior mass loss episodes. Each star has been selected on the basis of its infrared emission, strong molecular emission, or peculiar spectroscopic variations to give us a snapshot of different steps in their evolution across the top of the HR Diagram. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8099( 9) - 09/23/99 16:34 - [ 2] Observations Description ------------------------ The resolution of the WFPC2 Planetary Camera is required to resolve the detailed structure of the circumstellar ejecta especially close to the star and for comparison with the maser maps. Since we are primarily interested in imaging the faint circumstella r ejecta associated with relatively bright stars, our observations are planned to accommodate a wide dynamic range. As we did for our successful IRC+10420 imaging program, we've planned a series of exposures for each filter with the shortest to minimize b leeding and the longest to detect the faint outer nebulosity. The longest exposure in each series will be dithered. Using IRC+10420 as our example, we expect the ejecta to be at least 100 * fainter than the star. Our filter selection will depend on the br ightness of the star. For the brightest stars we will be using the narrow band emission-line filters (F375N, F437N, F502N) for the multicolor continuum imaging. None of these stars will have contaminating nebular emission li nes, except possibly for NML Cyg. Real Time Justification ----------------------- Because of VX Sgr's and S Per's large and irregular variability, we request that we be notified in advance when the HST observations are likely to be scheduled so that we can select the appropriate filters and exposure times. We will support our HST obser vations with groundbased near and mid infrared imaging. Since our sources are bright, we can take a series of very short integrations and perform shift and add off-line to significantly improve the spatial resolution. We successfully employed this techniq ue with our 2 and 10 micron images of IRC+10420. We will use NSFCAM on the IRTF (1-4 microns) and TNTCAM on WIRO (8-25 microns). For the two southern stars we will also use the 2 micron imager on the 2.3-meter and the 10 micron camera (TIMMI) on the 3.6- meter at La Silla. These observations will allow our imaging to cover a very large range in wavelength. Calibration Justification ------------------------- Additional Comments ------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Data Distribution Paper Products: NO Media: 8MM Blocking Factor: 10 Ship To: PI_Address Ship Via: Email: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8099( 9) - 09/23/99 16:34 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 VXSGR STAR, M III-I, RA=18H 8M 4.05S +/- 0.1S, DEC=- J2000 V = 8.5+/-0.5 IRREGULAR VARIABLE 22D 13' 26.6" +/- 0.5" B-V = 2.8+/-0.5 V-R = 2.6+/-0.2 U-B = 2.3+/-0.5 Comments: VX SGR is a semi-regular variable. We require notification in advance of scheduling to select appropriate filters and exposure times. During its Mira-like variations, it can vary by as much as 4 mags in a few months. Therefore, we also re quest that it not be observed when it is changing rapidly. However, we cannot predict accurately in advance when this will occur. The star has been a fundamental mode pulsator during the past 20 years; however, the most recent observations suggest the lar ge amplitude pulsations may be damping out. For that reason we feel we cannot confidently predict the next maximum or minimum; although the AAVSO gives its next predicted maximum as Nov 1999. We will be monitoring it via the AAVSO and with local observati ons. Given its RA, this groundbased monitoring will only be possible from April through Oct., so we request that it be scheduled with HST during this same window. This will not have a major impact on when it can be observed as its schedule window is March- 2 NMLCYG STAR, M III-I RA=20H 46M 25.52S +/- 0.5S, J2000 V = 16.6 DEC=40D 7' 0.46" +/- 0.5" B-V = 2.0+/-0.2 V-R = 5.3+/-0.2 3 SPER STAR, M III-I, RA=2H 22M 51.7S +/- 0.5S, J2000 V = 9.3+/-0.5 IRREGULAR VARIABLE DEC=58D 35' 12.0" +/- 0.2" B-V = 2.7+/-0.5 U-B = 2.4+/-0.5 Comments: S Per is an irregular variable that has gone into a fundamental mode pulsation during the last 10 years. It now varies between approximately 9th and 13th mag. For this reason we require notification in advance of scheduling to select appr opriate filters and integration times. We will be monitoring it via the AAVSO and with local observations. Given its RA, this groundbased monitoring will only be possible from July through Feb., so we request that it be observed with HST during this same window. This actually corresponds well to the schedule windows for its visit from RPS2. Based on its most recent light curve from the AAVSO, we expect that its next maximum light will be July - Dec., 1999. If possible this would be an excellent time to ob serve S Per and also corresponds well to its schedule windows. The integration times here have been calculated assuming S Per is near maximum light. 4 MUCEP STAR, M III-I RA=21H 43M 30.3S +/- 0.2S, J2000 V = 4.2+/-0.1 DEC=58D 46' 48.2" +/- 0.2" B-V = 2.2+/-0.2 U-B = 2.4+/-0.2 5 RHOCAS STAR, F3-F9 RA=23H 54M 22.98S +/- 0.1S, J2000 V = 4.5+/-0.1 DEC=57D 29' 58.1" +/- 0.2" U-B = 1.1+/-0.1 B-V = 1.2+/-0.1 8099( 9) - 09/23/99 16:34 - [ 4] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 HR5171 STAR, G III-I RA=13H 47M 10.77S +/- 0.1S, DEC= J2000 V = 6.5+/-0.2 -62D 35' 23.0" +/- 0.1" B-V = 2.0+/-0.2 7 HR8752 STAR, G III-I RA=23H 0M 5.04S +/- 0.2S, J2000 V = 5.1+/-0.1 DEC=56D 56' 43.0" +/- 0.1" B-V = 2.5+/-0.2 U-B = 1.4+/-0.2 8099( 9) - 09/23/99 16:34 - [ 5] Visit: 01 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 NMLCYG WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F656N 1 20 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11 NMLCYG WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F656N DITHER-TYPE=LINE, 1 260 S DITHER-LINE-SPACING=0.161, CLOCKS=YES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 19 NMLCYG WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F439W CR-SPLIT=NO,CLOCKS=YES, 1 500 S NO SPLIT DITHER-TYPE=LINE, DITHER-LINE-SPACING=0.161 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 NMLCYG WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F439W DITHER-TYPE=LINE,CR-SPLIT=NO, 1 500 S NO SPLIT DITHER-LINE-STEPS=4, DITHER-LINE-SPACING=0.161, CLOCKS=YES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 23 NMLCYG WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F675W ATD-GAIN=15 1 0.5 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 24 NMLCYG WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F675W ATD-GAIN=15 1 10.0 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 30 NMLCYG WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F555W 1 20 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 31 NMLCYG WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F555W 1 100 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 32 NMLCYG WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F555W DITHER-TYPE=LINE,CR-SPLIT=NO, 1 400 S NO SPLIT DITHER-LINE-STEPS=4, DITHER-LINE-SPACING=0.161, CLOCKS=YES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8099( 9) - 09/23/99 16:34 - [ 6] Visit: 02 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 100 RHOCAS WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F502N ATD-GAIN=15 1 .11 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 110 RHOCAS WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F502N ATD-GAIN=15 1 1.0 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 130 RHOCAS WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F502N ATD-GAIN=15,CLOCKS=YES, 1 5 S DITHER-TYPE=LINE, DITHER-LINE-SPACING=0.161 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 140 RHOCAS WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F437N ATD-GAIN=15 1 .2 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 150 RHOCAS WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F437N ATD-GAIN=15,CLOCKS=YES, 1 10 S DITHER-TYPE=LINE, DITHER-LINE-SPACING=0.161 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 160 RHOCAS WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F375N ATD-GAIN=15,CLOCKS=YES 1 5 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 170 RHOCAS WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F375N ATD-GAIN=15,CLOCKS=YES, 1 30 S DITHER-TYPE=LINE, DITHER-LINE-SPACING=0.161 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 190 RHOCAS WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F656N ATD-GAIN=15 1 0.11 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 195 RHOCAS WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F656N ATD-GAIN=15,CLOCKS=YES 1 1.0 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8099( 9) - 09/23/99 16:34 - [ 7] Visit: 03 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 200 MUCEP WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F502N ATD-GAIN=15 1 .11 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 210 MUCEP WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F502N ATD-GAIN=15 1 1.0 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 220 MUCEP WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F502N ATD-GAIN=15,CLOCKS=YES, 1 5.0 S DITHER-TYPE=LINE, DITHER-LINE-SPACING=0.161 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 230 MUCEP WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F437N ATD-GAIN=15 1 .5 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 240 MUCEP WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F437N ATD-GAIN=15,CLOCKS=YES, 1 5 S DITHER-TYPE=LINE, DITHER-LINE-SPACING=0.161 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 260 MUCEP WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F375N ATD-GAIN=15,CLOCKS=YES 1 10 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 270 MUCEP WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F375N ATD-GAIN=15,CLOCKS=YES, 1 100 S DITHER-TYPE=LINE, DITHER-LINE-SPACING=0.161 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 280 MUCEP WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F656N ATD-GAIN=15 1 0.11 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8099( 9) - 09/23/99 16:34 - [ 8] Visit: 04 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: BETWEEN 01-Sep-1999 AND 01-Dec-1999 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 300 VXSGR WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F547M 1 0.23 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 320 VXSGR WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F547M ATD-GAIN=15,CLOCKS=YES, 1 6 S DITHER-TYPE=LINE, DITHER-LINE-SPACING=0.161 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 330 VXSGR WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F467M 1 10 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 350 VXSGR WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F467M CLOCKS=YES,DITHER-TYPE=LINE, 1 60 S DITHER-LINE-SPACING=0.161 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 370 VXSGR WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F410M DITHER-TYPE=LINE, 1 60 S DITHER-LINE-SPACING=0.161 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 380 VXSGR WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F656N ATD-GAIN=15 1 5 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8099( 9) - 09/23/99 16:34 - [ 9] Visit: 05 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: BETWEEN 01-Jul-1999 AND 01-Dec-1999 ON HOLD On Hold Comments: Based on its most recent light curve from the AAVSO, S Per should be near maximum light from July - Dec. 1999. This will be the best time to observe it if possible; otherwise it will another two years before it is near maximum light ag ain. We request notification prior to when it is scheduled for observation to confirm its brightness and adjust the integration times if necessary. Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 400 SPER WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F547M ATD-GAIN=15 1 .11 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 420 SPER WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F547M ATD-GAIN=15,CLOCKS=YES, 1 5 S DITHER-TYPE=LINE, DITHER-LINE-SPACING=0.161 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 430 SPER WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F467M 1 3 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 440 SPER WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F467M DITHER-TYPE=LINE, 1 30 S DITHER-LINE-SPACING=0.161, CLOCKS=YES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 450 SPER WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F410M 1 20 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 460 SPER WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F410M CLOCKS=YES,DITHER-TYPE=LINE, 1 200 S DITHER-LINE-SPACING=0.161 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8099( 9) - 09/23/99 16:34 - [ 10] Visit: 06 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 500 HR8752 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F502N ATD-GAIN=15 1 0.11 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 510 HR8752 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F502N ATD-GAIN=15,DITHER-TYPE=LINE, 1 1.4 S DITHER-LINE-SPACING=0.161 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 520 HR8752 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F437N ATD-GAIN=15 1 0.11 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 530 HR8752 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F437N ATD-GAIN=15,DITHER-TYPE=LINE, 1 5.0 S DITHER-LINE-SPACING=0.161 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 540 HR8752 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F375N ATD-GAIN=15 1 5 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 550 HR8752 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F375N ATD-GAIN=15,DITHER-TYPE=LINE, 1 80 S DITHER-LINE-SPACING=0.161 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 560 HR8752 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F656N ATD-GAIN=15 1 0.11 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 570 HR8752 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F656N ATD-GAIN=15 1 0.5 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8099( 9) - 09/23/99 16:34 - [ 11] Visit: 07 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 600 HR5171 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F502N ATD-GAIN=15 1 0.2 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 610 HR5171 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F502N ATD-GAIN=15,DITHER-TYPE=LINE, 1 5 S DITHER-LINE-SPACING=0.161 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 620 HR5171 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F437N ATD-GAIN=15 1 2 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 630 HR5171 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F437N ATD-GAIN=15,DITHER-TYPE=LINE, 1 26 S DITHER-LINE-SPACING=0.161 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 640 HR5171 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F375N CLOCKS=YES,CR-SPLIT=0.5 1 600 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 650 HR5171 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F656N ATD-GAIN=15 1 0.5 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8099( 9) - 09/23/99 16:34 - [ 12] Summary Form for Proposal 8099 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures PC1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations WFPC2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes IMAGE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters DITHER-TYPE=LINE DITHER-LINE-SPACING=0.161 CLOCKS=YES CR-SPLIT=NO DITHER-LINE-STEPS=4 ATD-GAIN=15 CR-SPLIT=0.5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal Category GO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements NO SPLIT BETWEEN 01-Sep-1999 AND 01-Dec-1999 BETWEEN 01-Jul-1999 AND 01-Dec-1999 ON HOLD ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F656N F439W F675W F555W F502N F437N F375N F547M F467M F410M ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names NMLCYG RHOCAS MUCEP VXSGR SPER HR8752 HR5171 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------