8210( 4) - 04/13/99 16:25 - [ 1] PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID: 8210 Version: 4 Check-in Date: 13-Apr-1999 16:24:57 1.Proposal Title: HST Imaging of Bipolar Proto-Planetary Nebulae and Circumstellar Arcs ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Proposal For 3. Cycle GO 8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4. Investigators Contact? PI: Bruce Hrivnak Valparaiso University CoI: Dr. Sun Kwok University of Calgary N CoI: Kate Su University of Calgary N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Abstract Proto-planetary nebulae (PPN) provide the best opportunity to test theories of asymptotic giant branch mass loss (symmetric/asymmetric, continuous/episodic) and the processes which shape planetary nebulae. These remain among the outstanding unsolved problems in stellar evolution. We propose to use WFPC2 to observe several new PPN which display evidence of being bipolar, to study this phenomena. These will be modeled using our newly-developed axially-symmetric, 2-D, dust, radiation- transfer code. We have previously used WFPC2 to image 4 new bipolar PPN, and have successfully modeled their structures and spectral energy distributions. This proposal will extend this study to additional PPN and give important evidence on how common is the bipolar structure. In addition, we have found concentric arcs, seen previously in the Egg Nebula, to exist in 2 additional bipolar PPN. This has important implications for the mass loss mechanism. We will investigate the existance of these arcs in additional bipolar PPN by obtaining deep images. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8210( 4) - 04/13/99 16:25 - [ 2] Observations Description ------------------------ We propose to use the WFPC2 PC to obtain images of 9 small PPN which are known (or in 2 cases show good evidence) to be extended. The objects are small in size, with all but one being less than 3^ in diameter and 4 of them about 1^ in size. We will image them through the I (F814W) and in some cases the "Wide V" (F606W) filters. Since our emphasis is on detailed morphology, especially of faint structures, we have chosen these wide filters with their higher throughput. We have used the WFPC2 Exposure Time Calculator, together with our experience from previous WFPC2 observations of similar objects, to determine the exposure time for each object. This is based upon its size as measured from the ground (Hrivnak et al. 1998a) or from space (Hrivnak et al. 1998b) or as estimated from similar objects, and its magnitude at these wavelengths as measured from the ground. From the observations of IRAS 17150-3224 (see Fig. 1), we know that the flux level of the arcs and of the hal o is ~10\ average flux level of th e nebula, respectively. Therefore we used these two flux levels to calculate exposure times needed to achieve a S/N=10. These times are listed in the Table below. For example, for 17106-3046, to achieve S/N=10 in F606W, we need 15 min and 210 min to achieve flux levels of 10\ In F814W, we need 3 min and 30 min to achieve these same flux levels. We will take at least two exposures with each filter for cosmic ray removal. Thus in one orbit (~40 min on target) with each filter, we can observe at somewhat better than the 10\ level (arcs) in F606W and at the 1\ The flux levels and exposure times for the other objects are calculated similarly, and overheads considered in the orbit requests. Thus for each object, we expect to be able to detect arcs if they are present, or set good upper limits for them, and in many cases to see to faint limits for the halos. The bipolar lobes will be easily seen, along with substructure. The last 3 objects listed are very bright, and we will ta ke short exposures of various leng t hs to image both the central stars and the faint nebulosities. begintable caption begintabular|l|l|l|l|l|l|l|l|l|l| Target Name & Size & Filter & Mag & multicolumn3c Flux (mag-arcsec^-2) & multicolumn2c Exp. Time & Orbits , IRAS & (^ ) & & & Whole & 10\ 1\ 17106-3046 & 2.9 & V & 15.8 & 17.8 & 20.3 & 22.8& 15 m & 210 m & 1 , & & I & 12.7 & 14.8 & 17.3 & 19.8& 3 m & 30 m & 1 , 19477+2401 & 1 & I & 16.9 & 16.6 & 19.1 & 21.6& 17 m & 270 m & 1 , 22574+6609 & 1 & I & 18.0 & 17.7 & 20.2 & 22.7& 50 m &1260 m & 2, 17245-3951 & 1.6x0.9& I & 13.2 & 13.6 & 16.1 & 18.6& 1 m & 10 m &0.5 , 16594- 4656 & 6x3 & I & 12.0 & 15.1 & 17.6 & 20.1& 4 m & 45 m & 1 , 20028+3910 & 2.2x2.0& I & 15.2 & 16.8 & 19.3 & 21.8& 20 m & 340 m & 1 , 20572+4919 & 1 & V & 11.6 & 11.3 & 13.8 & 16.3& 2 s & 20 s &0.5 , & & I & 10.2 & 9.9 & 12.4 & 14.9& 2 s & 20 s &0.5 , 20136+1309 & 1 & V & 13.3 & 13. 0 & 15.5 & 18.0& 9 s & 130 s &0. 5 , & & I & 11.9 & 11.6 & 14.1 & 16.6& 9 s & 100 s & , 19336- 0400 & 2 & V & 13.0 & 14.2 & 16.7 & 19.2& 26 s & 270 s &0.5 , & & I & 12.4 & 13.6 & 16.1 & 18.6& 59 s & 11 m & , endtabular endtable Real Time Justification ----------------------- We have been among the leaders in the search for PPN, and have confirmed the association between the optical counterparts and the IRAS sources through mid- IR photometry for each of the proposed HST targets. We have already obtained ground-based visible (BVRI) and near-IR (JHKL) measurements for each of these, to use in the modelling of the SED. Mid-IR spectra of 3 of these sources have also been recently obtained by us with ISO. Since PPN emit a significant fraction of there energy in the IR, these observations will be useful to determine the IR continuum and reveal dust features, and will provide useful complementary data to the HST observations proposed. Calibration Justification ------------------------- Additional Comments ------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8210( 4) - 04/13/99 16:25 - [ 3] Data Distribution Paper Products: YES Media: 8MM Blocking Factor: 10 Ship To: PI_Address Ship Via: Email: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8210( 4) - 04/13/99 16:25 - [ 4] TARGET LIST a) Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 IRAS17106- STAR, EJECTA, POST-AGB RA=17H 13M 51.71S +/- 0.5", DEC= J2000 V = 15.8+/-0.5 3046 STAR -30D 49' 39.54" +/- 0.5" I = 12.7+/-0.5 2 IRAS19477+24 STAR, EJECTA, POST-AGB RA=19H 49M 54.69S +/- 1", J2000 V = 22.2+/-0.5 01 STAR DEC=24D 8' 54.33" +/- 1" I = 16.9+/-0.5 Comments: position was obtained from the ground-based observation. target is not shown on dss finding chart 3 IRAS22574+66 STAR, EJECTA, POST-AGB RA=22H 59M 18.31S +/- 0.3", J2000 V = 24.0+/-0.5 09 STAR DEC=66D 25' 47.34" +/- 0.3" I = 18.0+/-0.5 Comments: target is not shown on dss finding chart position was obtained from the previous hst observation on *GO 6364 4 IRAS17245- STAR, EJECTA, POST-AGB RA=17H 28M 4.62S +/- 0.5", DEC=- J2000 V = 15.5+/-0.5 3951 STAR 39D 53' 44" +/- 0.5" I = 13.2+/-0.5 5 IRAS16594- STAR, EJECTA, POST-AGB RA=17H 3M 10.20S +/- 0.5", DEC=- J2000 V = 14.6+/-0.5 4656 STAR 47D 0' 27.2" +/- 0.5" I = 12.0+/-0.5 6 IRAS20028+39 STAR, EJECTA, POST-AGB RA=20H 04M 35.90S +/- 0.3", J2000 V = 17.8+/-0.5 10 STAR DEC=39D 18' 44.90" +/- 0.3" I = 15.2+/-0.5 Comments: position was obtained by the previous hst observation on *GO 6364 7 IRAS20136+13 STAR, EJECTA, POST-AGB RA=20H 16M 0.49S +/- 0.3", J2000 V = 13.3+/-0.5 09 STAR DEC=13D 18' 55.89" +/- 0.3" I = 11.9+/-0.5 8210( 4) - 04/13/99 16:25 - [ 5] Visit: 01 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 IRAS16594-4 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F814W ATD-GAIN=15,CLOCKS=NO, 1 10 S 656 DITHER-TYPE=LINE, DITHER-LINE-STEPS=2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 IRAS16594-4 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F814W ATD-GAIN=15,CLOCKS=NO, 1 100 S 656 DITHER-TYPE=LINE, DITHER-LINE-STEPS=2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 30 IRAS16594-4 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F814W ATD-GAIN=15,CLOCKS=NO, 1 500 S 656 DITHER-TYPE=LINE, DITHER-LINE-STEPS=2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8210( 4) - 04/13/99 16:25 - [ 6] Visit: 02 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 IRAS19477+2 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F814W ATD-GAIN=7,CLOCKS=NO, 1 600 S 401 DITHER-TYPE=LINE, DITHER-LINE-STEPS=3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8210( 4) - 04/13/99 16:25 - [ 7] Visit: 03 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 IRAS20028+3 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F814W ATD-GAIN=7,CLOCKS=NO, 1 600 S 910 DITHER-TYPE=LINE, DITHER-LINE-STEPS=3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8210( 4) - 04/13/99 16:25 - [ 8] Visit: 04 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 IRAS17106-3 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F814W ATD-GAIN=15,CLOCKS=NO 1 40 S 046 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 IRAS17106-3 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F814W ATD-GAIN=15,CLOCKS=NO, 1 500 S 046 DITHER-TYPE=LINE, DITHER-LINE-STEPS=3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 30 IRAS17106-3 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F814W ATD-GAIN=15,CLOCKS=NO 1 40 S 046 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 40 IRAS17106-3 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F606W ATD-GAIN=15,CLOCKS=NO 1 40 S 046 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 45 IRAS17106-3 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F606W ATD-GAIN=15,CLOCKS=NO, 1 500 S 046 DITHER-TYPE=LINE, DITHER-LINE-STEPS=3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 50 IRAS17106-3 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F606W ATD-GAIN=15,CLOCKS=NO 1 40 S 046 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8210( 4) - 04/13/99 16:25 - [ 9] Visit: 05 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 IRAS22574+6 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F814W ATD-GAIN=7,CLOCKS=NO, 1 600 S 609 DITHER-TYPE=LINE, DITHER-LINE-STEPS=3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 IRAS22574+6 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F814W ATD-GAIN=7,CLOCKS=NO 1 200 S 609 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 30 IRAS22574+6 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F814W ATD-GAIN=7,CLOCKS=NO, 1 600 S 609 DITHER-TYPE=LINE, DITHER-LINE-STEPS=3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 40 IRAS22574+6 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F814W ATD-GAIN=7,CLOCKS=NO 1 200 S 609 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8210( 4) - 04/13/99 16:25 - [ 10] Visit: 06 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 IRAS20136+1 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F814W ATD-GAIN=15,CLOCKS=NO 1 5 S 309 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 IRAS20136+1 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F814W ATD-GAIN=15,CLOCKS=NO, 1 10 S 309 DITHER-TYPE=BOX ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 30 IRAS20136+1 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F814W ATD-GAIN=15,CLOCKS=NO 1 5 S 309 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 40 IRAS20136+1 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F606W ATD-GAIN=15,CLOCKS=NO 1 5 S 309 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 50 IRAS20136+1 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F606W ATD-GAIN=15,CLOCKS=NO, 1 10 S 309 DITHER-TYPE=BOX ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 60 IRAS20136+1 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F606W ATD-GAIN=15,CLOCKS=NO 1 5 S 309 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8210( 4) - 04/13/99 16:25 - [ 11] Visit: 07 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 IRAS17245-3 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F814W ATD-GAIN=7,CLOCKS=NO 1 40 S 951 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 IRAS17245-3 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F814W ATD-GAIN=15,CLOCKS=NO, 1 500 S 951 DITHER-TYPE=LINE, DITHER-LINE-STEPS=3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 30 IRAS17245-3 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F814W ATD-GAIN=7,CLOCKS=NO 1 40 S 951 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8210( 4) - 04/13/99 16:25 - [ 12] Summary Form for Proposal 8210 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures PC1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations WFPC2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes IMAGE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters ATD-GAIN=15 CLOCKS=NO DITHER-TYPE=LINE DITHER-LINE-STEPS=2 DITHER-LINE-STEPS=3 ATD-GAIN=7 DITHER-TYPE=BOX ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal Category GO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F814W F606W ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names IRAS16594-4656 IRAS19477+2401 IRAS20028+3910 IRAS17106-3046 IRAS22574+6609 IRAS20136+1309 IRAS17245-3951 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------