8396( 24) - 02/28/00 10:55 - [ 1] PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID: 8396 Version: 24 Check-in Date: 28-Feb-2000 10:55:00 1.Proposal Title: WFPC2 Observations of Astrophysically Important Visual Binaries - Continued ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Proposal For 3. Cycle GO 8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4. Investigators Contact? PI: Howard Bond Space Telescope Science Institute CoI: Ronald Gilliland Space Telescope Science Institute N CoI: Terry Girard Yale University N CoI: Karen G. Schaefer Space Telescope Science Institute N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Abstract We recently used WFPC2 images of Procyon A and B to measure an extremely accurate separation of the bright F star and its much fainter white-dwarf companion. Combined with ground-based astrometry of the bright star, our observation significantly revises downward the derived masses, and brings Procyon A into excellent agreement with theoretical evolutionary tracks for the first time. We now propose to begin a modest but long-term program of WFPC2 measurements of astrophysically important visual binaries, working in a regime of large magnitude differences and/or faint stars where ground-based speckle interferometry cannot compete. We have selected three systems: Procyon (P=40 yr), for which continued monitoring will even further refine the very accurate masses; Mu Cas (P=21 yr), a famous metal-deficient G dwarf for which accurate masses will lead to the star's helium content with cosmological implications; and G 107-70, a close double white dwarf (P=18 yr) that promises to add two accurate masses to the tiny handful of white-dwarf masses that are directly known from dynamical measurements. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8396( 24) - 02/28/00 10:55 - [ 2] Observations Description ------------------------ We will obtain direct images with WFPC2 of three astrophysically important visual binaries. Each binary will be observed once or twice per CALENDAR YEAR for the next three years (and we would expect to continue to observe them through the lifetime of HST), in order to obtain very accurate masses for the stellar components. The WFPC2 filters will be chosen appropriately for each target. The following table summarizes the program: Star Delta Nominal P (yr) Observations mag separation (") per calendar year Procyon 10 4.9 41 1 Mu Cas 6 0.4 22 2 G 107-70 0.3 0.6 18 2 Real Time Justification ----------------------- The dates of the observations are time-critical, since we need them to be spaced roughly equally in time, at yearly intervals for Procyon and biannually for the other two targets. For G 107-70, we have an opportunity to improve the ground-based parallax, since the target will be near two slightly fainter reference stars in the PC chip for the next decade or so. Hence we must schedule the two annual observations at the times of maximum parallax factor in October and April. Mu Cas is presently passing through periastron, so it is crucially important to obtain the observations at the dates specified. All three targets will be observed with ORIENTs that place the companions well away from the diffraction spikes and bleeding columns of the bright primary stars. Calibration Justification ------------------------- Additional Comments ------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Data Distribution Paper Products: YES Media: ELECTRONIC Blocking Factor: 10 Ship To: STSCI Ship Via: Email: bond@stsci.edu ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8396( 24) - 02/28/00 10:55 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 PROCYON STAR, F3-F9, DA RA=07H 39M 18.36S +/- 1", J2000 V = 0.36 DEC=05D 13' 35.6" +/- 1" B-V = 0.42 Comments: coords are for center of gravity of binary Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) B1995.18 -0.04755 -1.0229 0.283 2 MU-CAS STAR, G V-IV RA=01H 8M 16.378S +/- 0.5", J2000 V = 5.15 DEC=54D 55' 13.41" +/- 0.5" B-V = 0.70 Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) J2000 0.3972 -1.596 0.134 3 G107-70 STAR, DC RA=07H 30M 46.44S +/- 0.5", J2000 V = 15.25 DEC=48D 10' 25.5" +/- 0.5" B-V = 0.99 Comments: We have worked out the position of the target for epoch 1997.75, and therefore give the proper motion as zero. Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) B1997.75 0. 0. 0.090 4 G107-70-DD STAR, DC RA=07H 30M 47.24S +/- 1", J2000 V = 15.0 DEC=48D 10' 26.0" +/- 1" B-V = 0.99 Comments: Double Degenerate binary system Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) B1999.75 -0.0224 -1.282 0.090 5 G107-69 CALIBRATION, STAR RA=07H 30M 43.09S +/- 1", J2000 V = 13.1+/-0.5 DEC=48D 12' 18.5" +/- 1" Comments: This is a common proper motion star companion to G107- 70 Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) B1983.85 -0.0119 -1.292 0.090 6 G107-70-REF1 CALIBRATION, STAR RA=07H 30M 57.149S +/- 1", J2000 V = 14.6+/-0.1 DEC=48D 10' 52.104" +/- 1", PLATE-ID=02RT 7 G107-70-REF3 CALIBRATION, STAR RA=07H 31M 9.773S +/- 1", J2000 V = 14.9+/-0.1 DEC=48D 10' 27.408" +/- 1", PLATE-ID=02RT 8 G107-70-REF2 CALIBRATION, STAR RA=07H 30M 26.695S +/- 1", J2000 V = 13.190+/-0.1 DEC=48D 11' 1.644" +/- 1", PLATE -ID=02RT 9 G107-70-REF4 CALIBRATION, STAR RA=07H 30M 57.168S +/- 1", J2000 V = 12.12+/-0.1 DEC=48D 8' 36.708" +/- 1", PLATE -ID=02RT 10 G107-70-REF5 CALIBRATION, STAR RA=07H 30M 52.627S +/- 1", J2000 V = 13.8+/-0.1 DEC=48D 8' 35.952" +/- 1", PLATE -ID=02RT 11 G107-70-REF6 CALIBRATION, STAR RA=07H 30M 34.915S +/- 1", J2000 V = 14.7+/-0.1 DEC=48D 10' 31.224" +/- 1", PLATE-ID=02RT 12 G107-70-REF7 CALIBRATION, STAR RA=07H 31M .31S +/- 1", DEC=48D J2000 V = 14.6+/-0.1 10' 16.068" +/- 1", PLATE- ID=02RT 8396( 24) - 02/28/00 10:55 - [ 4] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13 G107-70-REF9 CALIBRATION, STAR RA=07H 30M 15.029S +/- 1", J2000 V = 12.64+/-0.1 DEC=48D 10' 19.668" +/- 1", PLATE-ID=02RT 8396( 24) - 02/28/00 10:55 - [ 5] Visit: 01 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: BETWEEN 01-Nov-1999 AND 01-Dec-1999 ORIENT 284D TO 304D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: ORIENT requirement is done so that companion star will not lie near diffraction spikes or bleeding columns from the very bright primary star. Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 PROCYON WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F218W ATD-GAIN=15 1 0.11 S POS TARG 0., 0. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 PROCYON WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F218W ATD-GAIN=15 1 120 S POS TARG 0., 0. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 30 PROCYON WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F218W ATD-GAIN=15 1 0.11 S POS TARG -0.659,-0.659 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 40 PROCYON WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F218W ATD-GAIN=15 1 120 S POS TARG -0.659,-0.659 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 50 PROCYON WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F218W ATD-GAIN=15,CR-SPLIT=0.5, 1 0.22 S POS TARG -0.421,-0.375 CR-TOLERANCE=0.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 60 PROCYON WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F218W ATD-GAIN=15,CR-SPLIT=NO 1 200 S POS TARG -0.421,-0.375 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 70 PROCYON WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F218W ATD-GAIN=15 1 0.11 S POS TARG -0.318,-0.477 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 80 PROCYON WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F218W ATD-GAIN=15 1 100 S POS TARG -0.318,-0.477 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 90 PROCYON WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F218W ATD-GAIN=15 1 0.11 S POS TARG -0.568,-0.273 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 100 PROCYON WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F218W ATD-GAIN=15 1 100 S POS TARG -0.568,-0.273 Comments: If this last line in reality causes a 2nd orbit, then it could be dropped to maintain efficiency. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8396( 24) - 02/28/00 10:55 - [ 6] Visit: 02 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: ORIENT 192D TO 222D BETWEEN 01-Aug-1999 AND 01-Sep-1999 SCHED 60% On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: ORIENT requirement is done so that companion star will not lie near diffraction spikes of primary star. Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 MU-CAS WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F953N ATD-GAIN=15,CR-SPLIT=NO 3 1.0 S POS TARG 0., 0. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 MU-CAS WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F953N ATD-GAIN=15,CR-SPLIT=NO 3 1.0 S POS TARG -0.659,-0.659 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 MU-CAS WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F953N ATD-GAIN=15,CR-SPLIT=NO 3 1.0 S POS TARG -0.318,-0.477 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 MU-CAS WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F953N ATD-GAIN=15,CR-SPLIT=NO 3 1.0 S POS TARG -0.568,-0.273 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 MU-CAS WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F953N ATD-GAIN=15,CR-SPLIT=NO 3 1.0 S POS TARG -0.421,-0.375 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8396( 24) - 02/28/00 10:55 - [ 7] Visit: 03 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: ORIENT 57D TO 109D ORIENT 349D TO 19D BETWEEN 07-Jan-2000 AND 23-Feb-2000 SCHED 60% On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: ORIENT requirement is done so that companion star will not lie near diffraction spikes of primary star. ORIENT 349D TO 19D is not actually available during the 01-JAN-2000 through 01-MAR-2000 period but the other (first) ORIENT range is at least partially so. NOTE: The BETWEEN period was subsequently reduced so it will likely be a smaller window. This was done in order to make the timing of this visit more ideal, with the possibility that the ORIENT may possibly be opened up a bit more if necessary. In fact, the ORIENT has now been opened up more to try and find greater schedulability though the companion star may now lie closer to the diffraction spikes of the primary star. The ORIENT has now been opened up to 57D TO 109D as of 12 November, 1999. Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 MU-CAS WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F953N ATD-GAIN=15,CR-SPLIT=NO 3 0.8 S POS TARG 0., 0. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 MU-CAS WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F953N ATD-GAIN=15,CR-SPLIT=NO 3 0.8 S POS TARG -0.659,-0.659 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 MU-CAS WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F953N ATD-GAIN=15,CR-SPLIT=NO 3 0.8 S POS TARG -0.318,-0.477 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 MU-CAS WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F953N ATD-GAIN=15,CR-SPLIT=NO 3 0.8 S POS TARG -0.568,-0.273 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 MU-CAS WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F953N ATD-GAIN=15,CR-SPLIT=NO 3 0.8 S POS TARG -0.421,-0.375 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8396( 24) - 02/28/00 10:55 - [ 8] Visit: 04 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: ORIENT 285D TO 336D BETWEEN 01-Oct-1999 AND 24-Oct-1999 SCHED 40% On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: ORIENT requirement is done so that companion star will not lie near diffraction spikes of primary star. Date requirement is to maximize the parallax factor. Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 G107-70 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F555W ATD-GAIN=15,CR-SPLIT=NO 1 40 S POS TARG 0., 0. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 G107-70 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F814W ATD-GAIN=15,CR-SPLIT=NO 1 40 S POS TARG 0., 0. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 G107-70 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F555W ATD-GAIN=15,CR-SPLIT=NO 1 40 S POS TARG -0.659,-0.659 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 G107-70 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F814W ATD-GAIN=15,CR-SPLIT=NO 1 40 S POS TARG -0.659,-0.659 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 G107-70 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F555W ATD-GAIN=15,CR-SPLIT=NO 1 40 S POS TARG -0.318,-0.477 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 G107-70 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F814W ATD-GAIN=15,CR-SPLIT=NO 1 40 S POS TARG -0.318,-0.477 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 G107-70 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F555W ATD-GAIN=15,CR-SPLIT=NO 1 40 S POS TARG -0.568,-0.273 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 G107-70 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F814W ATD-GAIN=15,CR-SPLIT=NO 1 50 S POS TARG -0.568,-0.273 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9 G107-70 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F555W ATD-GAIN=15,CR-SPLIT=NO 3 40 S POS TARG -0.421,-0.375 Comments: This exposure done 3 times to use up rest of orbit ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 G107-70 WFPC2 IMAGE PC1-FIX F814W ATD-GAIN=15,CR-SPLIT=NO 2 40 S POS TARG -0.421,-0.375 Comments: This exposure done twice to use up rest of orbit ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8396( 24) - 02/28/00 10:55 - [ 9] Visit: 05 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: ORIENT 89.0D TO 93.0D BETWEEN 01-Apr-2000 AND 15-Apr-2000 SCHED 30% On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 G107-70-REF FGS POS 1 F583W 1 10 S SAME POS AS 30 SEQ 10-140 4 NON-INT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 G107-70-REF FGS POS 1 F583W 1 10 S SAME POS AS 30 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 30 G107-70-DD FGS TRANS 1 F583W SCANS=19,STEP-SIZE=1 1 875 S POS TARG 0.0, 0.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 40 G107-70-REF FGS POS 1 F583W 1 10 S SAME POS AS 30 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 50 G107-70-REF FGS POS 1 F583W 1 10 S SAME POS AS 30 4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 60 G107-70-REF FGS POS 1 F583W 1 10 S SAME POS AS 30 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 70 G107-70-REF FGS POS 1 F583W 1 10 S SAME POS AS 30 7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 80 G107-70-REF FGS POS 1 F583W 1 10 S SAME POS AS 30 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 90 G107-70-REF FGS POS 1 F583W 1 10 S SAME POS AS 30 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 100 G107-70-REF FGS POS 1 F583W 1 10 S SAME POS AS 30 9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 110 G107-70-REF FGS POS 1 F583W 1 10 S SAME POS AS 30 6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 120 G107-69 FGS POS 1 F583W 1 10 S SAME POS AS 30 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 130 G107-70-REF FGS POS 1 F583W 1 10 S SAME POS AS 30 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 140 G107-70-REF FGS POS 1 F583W 1 10 S SAME POS AS 30 4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8396( 24) - 02/28/00 10:55 - [ 10] Summary Form for Proposal 8396 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures PC1 PC1-FIX 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations WFPC2 FGS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes IMAGE POS TRANS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters ATD-GAIN=15 CR-TOLERANCE=0.0 CR-SPLIT=NO STEP-SIZE=1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal Category GO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements BETWEEN 01-Nov-1999 AND 01-Dec-1999 ORIENT 284D TO 304D POS TARG 0., 0. POS TARG -0.659,-0.659 POS TARG -0.421,-0.375 POS TARG -0.318,-0.477 POS TARG -0.568,-0.273 ORIENT 192D TO 222D BETWEEN 01-Aug-1999 AND 01-Sep-1999 SCHED 60% ORIENT 57D TO 109D ORIENT 349D TO 19D BETWEEN 07-Jan-2000 AND 23-Feb-2000 SCHED 60% ORIENT 285D TO 336D BETWEEN 01-Oct-1999 AND 24-Oct-1999 SCHED 40% ORIENT 89.0D TO 93.0D BETWEEN 01-Apr-2000 AND 15-Apr-2000 SCHED 30% SAME POS AS 30 SEQ 10-140 NON-INT SAME POS AS 30 POS TARG 0.0, 0.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F218W F953N F555W F814W F583W ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names PROCYON MU-CAS G107-70 G107-70-REF4 G107-70-REF2 G107-70-DD G107-70-REF3 G107-70-REF7 G107-70-REF1 G107-70-REF9 G107-70-REF6 G107-69 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------