8627( 2) - 03/02/00 06:01 - [ 1] PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID: 8627 Version: 2 Check-in Date: 02-Mar-2000 06:00:46 1.Proposal Title: TESTING THEORIES OF WIND/JET PRODUCTION IN YSOs ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Proposal For 3. Cycle GO 9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4. Investigators Contact? PI: Nuria Calvet Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics CoI: Dr. Lee Hartmann Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory N CoI: Mr. James Muzerolle Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory N CoI: Dr. Maria E. Contreras Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory N CoI: Dr. Suzan Edwards Five College Astronomy Department N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Abstract We propose to use STIS ultraviolet spectroscopy to test theories of jet/wind production from the accretion disks of low-mass young stellar objects, providing new insight into disk physics, accretion energy balance, and jet collimation. STIS observations of the Fe II ultraviolet lines in absorption will probe lower-density and lower-temperature material than optical forbidden and permitted emission lines, and thus provide unique information on jet/wind launching and acceleration. Velocity -resolved spectra will distinguish between X-wind models, in which all the mass ejection occurs from the inner disk edge, and disk wind models, where the flow originates from a much larger area of the disk. Our results will provide important new constraints on the best-studied, best-understood astrophysical jet systems. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8627( 2) - 03/02/00 06:01 - [ 2] Observations Description ------------------------ Our observing sample of TTS covers the whole range of observed accretion and wind signatures: (1) two stars with well detected jets (RW Aur, DG Tau); (2) all stars show well defined blueshifted absorption component in their HAlpha profile; (3) the profiles of the forbidden OI lines of all stars show a low velocity component, and a range of strengths in the high velocity components (HEG); (4) they cover a factor of >= 10 range in mass loss rate (HEG) and in mass accretion rate (Gullbring et al. 1998); (5) they cover the entire range of observed masses in TTS, from ~ 0.1 M(sun) to 2 M(sun). In addition, the stars have relatively low extinction, so they can be reached in reasonable exposure times. We propose to observe with STIS with the MAMA/NUV configuration in the ACCUM mode. We propose to use the E230M grating with an aperture of 0.2x0.2. The ~ 800 Angstrom coverage of this grating is needed to cover the range of lines we wish to observe. In the wavelength range ~ 2400 Angstrom to ~ 3000 Angstrom, the following strong (lines with log gf > -0.5) UV multiplets are present: (1) Lambda Lambda2586-2631, chi_lower ~ 0 eV, (2) Lambda Lambda2373- 2411, chi_lower ~ 0 eV, (35) Lambda Lambda 2331-2391, chi_lower ~ 0.3 eV, (36) Lambda Lambda2348-2402, chi_lower ~ 0.3 eV, (62) Lambda Lambda2693-2756, chi_lower ~ 1 eV, (63) Lambda Lambda2714-2773, chi_lower ~ 1 eV, and (64) Lambda Lambda2562-2611, chi_lower ~ 1 eV, covering a range of lower excitation potentials chi_lower. In addition, the following strong multiplets of Mn II are present: (1) Lambda Lambda2576-2605, chi_lower ~ 0 eV, and (5) Lambda Lambda2933- 949, chi_lower ~ 1.2 eV. As a bonus, we will obtain the line profiles of the resonance lines of Mg II, which will complement our data base of TTS spectra and will allow us to put further constraints to our magnetospheric/shock/wind models of TTS (Muzerolle et al. 1998; Calvet & Gullbring 1998; Gullbring et al. 1999). All stars in our observing list have been observed with IUE in the low resolution mode. Some of the stars (DG Tau, RW Aur, FU Ori, T Tau, SU Aur, RY Tau) have been observed with high resolution, but these spectra have too low signal-to-noise values to be useful. We require high spectral resolution (30, 000) to search for the low- velocity ejection predicted by the disk wind models. The low-velocity forbidden-line emission profiles seen in T Tauri stars, suggested to be a signature of the disk wind by Kwan & Tademaru (1995), exhibit line widths of only about 20-50 kms (HEG), thus requiring the ~ 12 kms resolution proposed here. We have also included FU Ori in the observing list. This object is the prototype of the FU Orionis objects, in which the emission is dominated by their high mass accretion rate (~ 10^-4 M(sun)yr) disks. TTS are supposed to undergo instabilities in their quiescent disks which raises their mass accretion rate, producing the FU Ori phenomenon (Hartmann & Kenyon 1996 and references therein). FU Ori constitutes a perfect example of a disk wind, in which the profiles of the optical and infrared lines can be understood in terms of the convolution of rotation (from the range of Keplerian velocities in the accretion disks) and expansion (from the ~ 10^-5 M(sun)yr wind originating in the disk surface) (Calvet, Hartmann, & Kenyon 1993). The profiles of the Fe II multiplet lines of FU Ori, present in strong absorption in the low resolution IUE spectra (Kenyon et al. 1989), will give us indications for the interpretation of the winds of the lower mass accretion/mass loss rates objects. We have estimated exposure times based on fluxes observed in the low resolution IUE spectra, taken from the IUE archives. For a typical flux of 10^-14 erg s^-1 cm^-2 , AA^-1, an exposure time of 80 minutes gives a S/N per resolution element of 10 at 2500 Angstrom. So, we are asking for 2 orbits for each object. For the more massive objects in our list (T Tau, RY Tau, SU Aur) we require to subtract the intrinsic photospheric spectrum. For this purpose, we will use the F3-F8 (PED 7433) and G6-G8 (PED 7585) standards, observed with the same instrument and grating, which are either non-proprietary or to be released by early 2000. Real Time Justification ----------------------- No special requirements. Calibration Justification ------------------------- Additional Comments ------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8627( 2) - 03/02/00 06:01 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 RY-TAU STAR, T TAURI STAR RA=4H 21M 57.44S +/- 0.3", J2000 F-CONT-BKG(2700)=2+/-1e-14 DEC=28D 26' 36" +/- 0.3", PLATE- V = 10+/-1 ID=0051 TYPE=K1 2 T-TAU STAR, T TAURI STAR RA=4H 21M 59.42S +/- 0.2", J2000 F-CONT-BKG(2700.)=2+/-1e-14 DEC=19D 32' 6.4" +/- 0.2", PLATE V = 10+/-1 -ID=000P TYPE=K0 3 DG-TAU STAR RA=4H 27M 4.71S +/- 0.2", J2000 F-CONT-BKG(2700)=8+/-2e-15 DEC=26D 6' 16.8" +/- 0.2", PLATE V = 12+/-1 -ID=000L TYPE=K7 4 DR-TAU STAR, T TAURI STAR RA=4H 47M 6.22S +/- 0.2", J2000 F-CONT-BKG(2700)=4+/-2e-14 DEC=16D 58' 43.4" +/- 0.2", V = 11.1+/-1 PLATE-ID=00FI TYPE=K7 5 SU-AUR STAR RA=4H 55M 59.38S +/- 0.00081", J2000 F-CONT-BKG(2700)=4+/-2e-14 DEC=30D 34' 1.7" +/- 0.00042" V = 8.9+/-1 TYPE=G2 Comments: Coordinates are from the Hipparcos Catalogue 6 RW-AUR STAR RA=5H 7M 49.51S +/- 0.3", J2000 V = 10+/-1 DEC=30D 24' 5.5" +/- 0.3", PLATE F-CONT-BKG(2700.)=8+/-4e-14 -ID=00DH TYPE=K3 7 FU-ORI STAR, FU ORIONIS STAR RA=5H 45M 22.36S +/- 0.3", J2000 F-CONT-BKG(2700)=10+/-5e-15 DEC=9D 4' 11.4" +/- 0.3", PLATE- V = 9.2+/-0.5 ID=01W7 8 DS-TAU STAR RA=4H 47M 48.45S +/- 0.4", J2000 F-CONT-BKG(2700)=10+/-5e-15 DEC=29D 25' 12.4" +/- 0.4", V = 12+/-1 PLATE-ID=02TR TYPE=K5 8627( 2) - 03/02/00 06:01 - [ 4] Visit: 01 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: BETWEEN 01-Sep-2000 AND 01-Mar-2001 BETWEEN 01-Sep-2001 AND 01-Mar-2002 BETWEEN 01-Sep-2002 AND 01-Mar-2003 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: The visit must start between the specified dates to be able to obtain contemporary ground-based photometry and spectroscopy Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 RY-TAU STIS/C ACQ F28X50O MIRROR ACQTYPE=POINT 1 4 S CD III ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 RY-TAU STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E230M 2707 1 37 M UV-MAM A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 30 RY-TAU STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E230M 2707 1 48 M UV-MAM A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 40 RY-TAU STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E230M 2707 1 48 M UV-MAM A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8627( 2) - 03/02/00 06:01 - [ 5] Visit: 02 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: BETWEEN 01-Sep-2000 AND 01-Mar-2001 BETWEEN 01-Sep-2001 AND 01-Mar-2002 BETWEEN 01-Sep-2002 AND 01-Mar-2003 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: The visit must start between the specified dates to be able to obtain contemporary ground-based photometry and spectroscopy Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 T-TAU STIS/C ACQ F28X50O MIRROR ACQTYPE=POINT 1 3 S CD III ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 T-TAU STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E230M 2707 1 37 M UV-MAM A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 30 T-TAU STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E230M 2707 1 48 M UV-MAM A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 40 T-TAU STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E230M 2707 1 48 M UV-MAM A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8627( 2) - 03/02/00 06:01 - [ 6] Visit: 03 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: BETWEEN 01-Sep-2000 AND 01-Mar-2001 BETWEEN 01-Sep-2001 AND 01-Mar-2002 BETWEEN 01-Sep-2002 AND 01-Mar-2003 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: The visit must start between the specified dates to be able to obtain contemporary ground-based photometry and spectroscopy Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 DG-TAU STIS/C ACQ F28X50O MIRROR ACQTYPE=POINT 1 6 S CD III ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 DG-TAU STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E230M 2707 1 37 M UV-MAM A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 30 DG-TAU STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E230M 2707 1 49 M UV-MAM A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 40 DG-TAU STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E230M 2707 1 49 M UV-MAM A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 50 DG-TAU STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E230M 2707 1 49 M UV-MAM A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8627( 2) - 03/02/00 06:01 - [ 7] Visit: 04 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: BETWEEN 01-Sep-2000 AND 01-Mar-2001 BETWEEN 01-Sep-2001 AND 01-Mar-2002 BETWEEN 01-Sep-2002 AND 01-Mar-2003 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: The visit must start between the specified dates to be able to obtain contemporary ground-based photometry and spectroscopy Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 DR-TAU STIS/C ACQ F28X50O MIRROR ACQTYPE=POINT 1 4 S CD III ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 DR-TAU STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E230M 2707 1 37 M UV-MAM A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 30 DR-TAU STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E230M 2707 1 48 M UV-MAM A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8627( 2) - 03/02/00 06:01 - [ 8] Visit: 05 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: BETWEEN 01-Sep-2000 AND 01-Mar-2001 BETWEEN 01-Sep-2001 AND 01-Mar-2002 BETWEEN 01-Sep-2002 AND 01-Mar-2003 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: The visit must start between the specified dates to be able to obtain contemporary ground-based photometry and spectroscopy Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 SU-AUR STIS/C ACQ F28X50O MIRROR ACQTYPE=POINT 1 2 S CD III ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 SU-AUR STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E230M 2707 1 37 M UV-MAM A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 30 SU-AUR STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E230M 2707 1 49 M UV-MAM A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8627( 2) - 03/02/00 06:01 - [ 9] Visit: 06 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: BETWEEN 01-Sep-2000 AND 01-Mar-2001 BETWEEN 01-Sep-2001 AND 01-Mar-2002 BETWEEN 01-Sep-2002 AND 01-Mar-2003 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: The visit must start between the specified dates to be able to obtain contemporary ground-based photometry and spectroscopy Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 RW-AUR STIS/C ACQ F28X50O MIRROR ACQTYPE=POINT 1 3 S CD III ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 RW-AUR STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E230M 2707 1 37 M UV-MAM A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 30 RW-AUR STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E230M 2707 1 49 M UV-MAM A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8627( 2) - 03/02/00 06:01 - [ 10] Visit: 07 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: BETWEEN 01-Sep-2000 AND 01-Mar-2001 BETWEEN 01-Sep-2001 AND 01-Mar-2002 BETWEEN 01-Sep-2002 AND 01-Mar-2003 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: The visit must start between the specified dates to be able to obtain contemporary ground-based photometry and spectroscopy Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 FU-ORI STIS/C ACQ F28X50O MIRROR ACQTYPE=POINT 1 2 S CD III ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 FU-ORI STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E230M 2707 1 37 M UV-MAM A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 30 FU-ORI STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E230M 2707 1 48 M UV-MAM A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8627( 2) - 03/02/00 06:01 - [ 11] Visit: 08 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: BETWEEN 01-Sep-2000 AND 01-Mar-2001 BETWEEN 01-Sep-2001 AND 01-Mar-2002 BETWEEN 01-Sep-2002 AND 01-Mar-2003 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: The visit must start between the specified dates to be able to obtain contemporary ground-based photometry and spectroscopy Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 DS-TAU STIS/C ACQ F28X50O MIRROR ACQTYPE=POINT 1 6 S CD III ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 DS-TAU STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E230M 2707 1 37 M UV-MAM A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 30 DS-TAU STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E230M 2707 1 49 M UV-MAM A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8627( 2) - 03/02/00 06:01 - [ 12] Summary Form for Proposal 8627 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures F28X50OIII 0.2X0.2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations STIS/CCD STIS/NUV-MAMA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACQ ACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters ACQTYPE=POINT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal Category GO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements BETWEEN 01-Sep-2000 AND 01-Mar-2001 BETWEEN 01-Sep-2001 AND 01-Mar-2002 BETWEEN 01-Sep-2002 AND 01-Mar-2003 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements MIRROR E230M ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names RY-TAU T-TAU DG-TAU DR-TAU SU-AUR RW-AUR FU-ORI DS-TAU ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Wavelengths 2707 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------