8871( 3) - 07/17/00 13:55 - [ 1] PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID: 8871 Version: 3 Check-in Date: 17-Jul-2000 13:54:00 1.Proposal Title: The merger of the 60-year old Jupiter's White Ovals ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Proposal For 3. Cycle GO/DD 9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4. Investigators Contact? PI: Agustin Sanchez-Lavega Universidad del Pais Vasco CoI: G. Orton JPL N CoI: R. Morales UPV N CoI: J. F. Rojas UPV N CoI: R. Hueso UPV N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Abstract Three White Ovals (nicknamed BC, DE, FA) formed in Jupiter's atmosphere in 1939- 1940. Two of these anticyclones (BC and DE) merged in February 1998, generating a new large oval BE (A.Sanchez-Lavega et al., Icarus, Vol. 142, 116, 1999).Unfortunately the phenomenon took place during the solar conjunction so the details of the event were lost. In March 2000 a second merger occurred. Visual and infrared observations carried out with the 1-meter planetary telescope at Pic-du- Midi Observatory (France) and with the 3.5-meter NASA Infrared Telescope Facility (Mauna Kea, Hawaii) respectively, showed the merger of the 60-year old FA with the recently formed BE . Each was about 2/3 the size of the Earth. Although the observations were performed under difficult conditions because of the proximity of Jupiter to the Sun, we gathered good information of the rich phenomenology that accompanied the merger. To complete this set of observations we need to retrieve as soon as possible, the dynamics, internal texture, cloud morphology and vertical structure of the new vortex and its surroundings. This information, together with our ground-based data and expected data from the Galileo spacecraft fly in May 20 fly, could be decisive to understand the nature of anticyclonic vortices and the structure of its atmosphere well below the cloud level. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8871( 3) - 07/17/00 13:55 - [ 2] Observations Description ------------------------ WFPC2 images in different filters of the White Oval BA when close to the central meridian of Jupiter as described in this proposal. Real Time Justification ----------------------- We need two orbits separated by a minimum time of 10 hours to make cloud tracking inside and around BA. Calibration Justification ------------------------- We need calibrated images to perform photometric measurements and radiative transfer modelling of the vertical distribution of the clouds in and around BA. Additional Comments ------------------- The most important aspect of this observation is to have BA close to the central meridian in each orbit (we provide the ephemeris). We also need to get the limb of Jupiter as detailed in this proposal. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8871( 3) - 07/17/00 13:55 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Solar System Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 1 | TARGET NAME: JUPITER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: PLANET FEATURE JUPITER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 | TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 | STD=JUPITER | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 | WINDOWS | | CML OF JUPITER FROM EARTH BETWEEN 225 | 260 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ DATA | COMMENTS | SURF(V) = -2.2 | The Central Meridian Longitude (CML) | given in the window "Angle Entry 1" | and "Angle Entry 2" is that we | should have at the beginning of the | observation according to our | prediction for July 31. That is, BA | (whose predicted longitude for that | date is 255), should be about 20 | degrees preceding (i.e. westward) | the CML at the beginning of the | orbit and about 20 degrees following | (i.e. eastward) the CML at the end | of the observation. Note that BA | moves at a rate of -0.18 deg/day. | This is a small value so the proper | motion of BA can be neglected if the | observations are done within a range | of 15 days around July 31 (i.e. from | July 15 to August 15). | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8871( 3) - 07/17/00 13:55 - [ 4] Visit: 01 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 JUPITER WFPC2 IMAGE FQCH4P1 FQCH4P15 8929 1 50 S POS TARG 2.3, 3.0 5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 JUPITER WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F410M 1 8 S POS TARG 2.3, 3.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 30 JUPITER WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F673N 1 4 S POS TARG 2.3, 3.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 40 JUPITER WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F953N 1 16 S POS TARG 2.3, 3.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 50 JUPITER WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F410M 1 8 S POS TARG 2.3, 3.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 60 JUPITER WFPC2 IMAGE FQCH4P1 FQCH4P15 8929 1 50 S POS TARG 2.3, 3.0 5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8871( 3) - 07/17/00 13:55 - [ 5] Visit: 02 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: AFTER 01 BY 6 Orbits TO 12 Orbits On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 JUPITER WFPC2 IMAGE FQCH4P1 FQCH4P15 8929 1 50 S POS TARG 2.3, 3.0 5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 JUPITER WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F410M 1 8 S POS TARG 2.3, 3.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 30 JUPITER WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F673N 1 4 S POS TARG 2.3, 3.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 40 JUPITER WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F953N 1 16 S POS TARG 2.3, 3.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 50 JUPITER WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F410M 1 8 S POS TARG 2.3, 3.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 60 JUPITER WFPC2 IMAGE FQCH4P1 FQCH4P15 8929 1 50 S POS TARG 2.3, 3.0 5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8871( 3) - 07/17/00 13:55 - [ 6] Summary Form for Proposal 8871 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures FQCH4P15 PC1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations WFPC2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes IMAGE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal Category GO/DD ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements POS TARG 2.3, 3.0 AFTER 01 BY 6 Orbits TO 12 Orbits ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements FQCH4P15 F410M F673N F953N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names JUPITER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Wavelengths 8929 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------