9332( 3) - 02/15/02 15:01 - [ 1] PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID: 9332 Version: 3 Check-in Date: 15-Feb-2002 15:00:23 1.Proposal Title: WFPC2 Observations of Astrophysically Important Visual Binaries ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Proposal For 3. Cycle GO 11 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4. Investigators Contact? PI: Howard Bond Space Telescope Science Institute CoI: Dr. Ronald Gilliland Space Telescope Science Institute N CoI: Dr. Terry Girard Yale University N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Abstract This is a continuation of a Cycle 7-8-9 Long-Term project. The program consists of annual or biannual WFPC2 or FGS observations of three visual binary stars that will ultimately yield fundamental astrophysical results, once their orbits and masses are determined. Our targets are the following: (1) Procyon (P=41 yr), for which our first WFPC2 images yielded an extremely accurate angular separation of the bright F star and its very faint white-dwarf companion. Combined with ground-based astrometry of the bright star, our observation significantly revised downward the derived masses, and brought Procyon A into excellent agreement with theoretical evolutionary tracks for the first time. The mass of Procyon B, however, implies a completely unexpected chemical composition for the white dwarf, and now poses a sharp evolutionary puzzle. With the continued monitoring proposed here, we will obtain masses to an accuracy of better than 1%, providing a testbed for theories of Sun- like stars and white dwarfs. (2) G 107-70, a close double white dwarf (P=19 yr) that promises to add two accurate masses to the tiny handful of white-dwarf masses that are directly known from dynamical measurements. (3) Mu Cas (P=21 yr), a famous metal -deficient G dwarf for which accurate masses will lead to the stars' helium contents, with cosmological implications. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9332( 3) - 02/15/02 15:01 - [ 2] Observations Description ------------------------ We will obtain direct images with WFPC2 of three astrophysically important visual binaries. Each binary will be observed once or twice per year for the next three years (and we would expect to continue to observe them through the lifetime of HST), in order to obtain very accurate masses for the stellar components. The WFPC2 filters have been chosen appropriately for each target. WFC3 will have similarly suitable filters for use after WFPC2 is removed during Servicing Mission 4. The following table summarizes the program. Each observation requires just one orbit of HST time. -0.1in def \vrule height 0.3em depth 0em width 0pt def \vrule height 1.0em depth 0.3em width 0pt vbox\offinterlineskip halign # =1.25em plus 1fil minus 1.25em& # & # & # & # & # & # =0pt noalign noalign & & Nominal & P & Observations & Star & Deltamag & separation ('') & (yr) & per Cycle & Filter(s) noalign noalign noalign Procyon & 9 & 4.7 & 41 & 1 & F218W G 107-70 & 0.3 & 0.6 & 19 & 2 & F555W, F814W MuCas & 5 & 0.3 & 21 & 2 & F953N noalign noalign For two of the three targets, WFPC2 is preferable to the FGS: Procyon A is too bright for FGS, while for Mu Cas the Delta mag in the optical band is too large for FGS. FGS is, however, preferable for G 107-70. Real Time Justification ----------------------- The observation times are weakly time-critical, since we want them spaced roughly equally in time, at about yearly intervals for Procyon and biannually for the other two targets. G 107-70 has moreover to be observed at the times of maximum parallax factor, in April and October. None that affect the HST scheduling. Calibration Justification ------------------------- Additional Comments ------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9332( 3) - 02/15/02 15:01 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 PROCYON STAR, F3-F9, DA RA=07H 39M 18.36S +/- 1", J2000 V = 0.36 DEC=05D 13' 35.6" +/- 1" B-V = 0.42 Coordinate Source: OTHER_SOURCE Comments: Coords are for center of gravity of binary. Accuracy confirmed by 2000 Nov 28 WFPC2 observations. Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) B1995.18 -0.04755 -1.0229 0.283 2 MU-CAS STAR, G V-IV RA=01H 8M 16.378S +/- 0.5", J2000 V = 5.15 DEC=54D 55' 13.41" +/- 0.5" B-V = 0.70 Coordinate Source: OTHER_SOURCE Comments: Coordinate accuracy confirmed by 2000-01 WFPC2 observations. Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) J2000 0.3972 -1.596 0.134 3 G107-70 STAR, DC RA=07H 30M 47.24S +/- 1", J2000 V = 15.0 DEC=48D 10' 26.0" +/- 1" B-V = 0.99 Coordinate Source: IMAGE_TIED_TO_GSC_FRAME Comments: Double Degenerate binary system Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) B1999.75 -0.0224 -1.282 0.090 4 G107-69 CALIBRATION, STAR RA=07H 30M 43.09S +/- 1", J2000 V = 13.6+/-0.1 DEC=48D 12' 18.5" +/- 1" Coordinate Source: OTHER_SOURCE Comments: This is a common-proper-motion companion to G107-70 Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) B1983.85 -0.0119 -1.292 0.090 5 G107-70-REF1 CALIBRATION, STAR RA=07H 30M 57.149S +/- 1", J2000 V = 14.6+/-0.1 DEC=48D 10' 52.104" +/- 1", PLATE-ID=02RT Coordinate Source: GUIDE_STAR_CATALOG 6 G107-70-REF2 CALIBRATION, STAR RA=07H 30M 26.695S +/- 1", J2000 V = 13.3+/-0.1 DEC=48D 11' 1.644" +/- 1", PLATE -ID=02RT Coordinate Source: GUIDE_STAR_CATALOG 7 G107-70-REF3 CALIBRATION, STAR RA=07H 31M 9.773S +/- 1", J2000 V = 14.3+/-0.1 DEC=48D 10' 27.408" +/- 1", PLATE-ID=02RT Coordinate Source: GUIDE_STAR_CATALOG 8 G107-70-REF4 CALIBRATION, STAR RA=07H 30M 57.168S +/- 1", J2000 V = 12.2+/-0.1 DEC=48D 8' 36.708" +/- 1", PLATE -ID=02RT Coordinate Source: GUIDE_STAR_CATALOG 9 G107-70-REF5 CALIBRATION, STAR RA=07H 30M 52.627S +/- 1", J2000 V = 13.8+/-0.1 DEC=48D 8' 35.952" +/- 1", PLATE -ID=02RT Coordinate Source: GUIDE_STAR_CATALOG 9332( 3) - 02/15/02 15:01 - [ 4] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 G107-70-REF6 CALIBRATION, STAR RA=07H 30M 34.915S +/- 1", J2000 V = 14.3+/-0.1 DEC=48D 10' 31.224" +/- 1", PLATE-ID=02RT Coordinate Source: GUIDE_STAR_CATALOG 11 G107-70-REF7 CALIBRATION, STAR RA=07H 31M .31S +/- 1", DEC=48D J2000 V = 14.9+/-0.1 10' 16.068" +/- 1", PLATE- ID=02RT Coordinate Source: GUIDE_STAR_CATALOG 12 G107-70-REF9 CALIBRATION, STAR RA=07H 30M 15.029S +/- 1", J2000 V = 12.9+/-0.1 DEC=48D 10' 19.668" +/- 1", PLATE-ID=02RT Coordinate Source: GUIDE_STAR_CATALOG 9332( 3) - 02/15/02 15:01 - [ 5] Visit: 01 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: BETWEEN 15-Oct-2002 AND 15-Nov-2002 ORIENT 297D TO 327D On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: ORIENT requirement is done so that companion star will not lie near diffraction spikes or bleeding columns from the very bright primary star. 317D is the most desirable ORIENT. Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 PROCYON WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F218W ATD-GAIN=15 1 0.11 S POS TARG 0., 0. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 PROCYON WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F218W ATD-GAIN=15 ,CLOCKS=YES 1 200 S SAME POS AS 10 EXPAND ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 30 PROCYON WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F218W ATD-GAIN=15 1 0.11 S POS TARG -0.659,-0.659 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 40 PROCYON WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F218W ATD-GAIN=15 ,CLOCKS=YES 1 200 S SAME POS AS 30 EXPAND ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 50 PROCYON WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F218W ATD-GAIN=15 1 0.11 S POS TARG -0.421,-0.375 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 60 PROCYON WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F218W ATD-GAIN=15 ,CLOCKS=YES 1 200 S SAME POS AS 50 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 70 PROCYON WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F218W ATD-GAIN=15 1 0.11 S POS TARG -0.318,-0.477 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 80 PROCYON WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F218W ATD-GAIN=15 ,CLOCKS=YES 1 200 S SAME POS AS 70 EXPAND ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 90 PROCYON WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F218W ATD-GAIN=15 1 0.11 S POS TARG -0.568,-0.273 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 100 PROCYON WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F218W ATD-GAIN=15 ,CLOCKS=YES 1 200 S SAME POS AS 90 EXPAND MAX DUR 240 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9332( 3) - 02/15/02 15:01 - [ 6] Visit: 02 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: ORIENT 200D TO 234D BETWEEN 10-Jul-2002 AND 20-Aug-2002 SCHED 60% On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: ORIENT requirement is done so that companion star will not lie near diffraction spikes of primary star. Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 MU-CAS WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F953N ATD-GAIN=15 ,CLOCKS=YES 3 1.0 S POS TARG 0., 0. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 MU-CAS WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F953N ATD-GAIN=15 ,CLOCKS=YES 3 1.0 S POS TARG -0.659,-0.659 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 MU-CAS WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F953N ATD-GAIN=15 ,CLOCKS=YES 3 1.0 S POS TARG -0.318,-0.477 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 MU-CAS WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F953N ATD-GAIN=15 ,CLOCKS=YES 4 1.0 S POS TARG -0.568,-0.273 Comments: Here we take one extra exposure to use up the orbit ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 MU-CAS WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F953N ATD-GAIN=15 ,CLOCKS=YES 4 1.0 S POS TARG -0.421,-0.375 Comments: Here we take one extra exposure to use up the orbit ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9332( 3) - 02/15/02 15:01 - [ 7] Visit: 03 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: ORIENT 15D TO 48D BETWEEN 10-Jan-2003 AND 20-Feb-2003 SCHED 60% On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: ORIENT requirement is done so that companion star will not lie near diffraction spikes of primary star. Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 MU-CAS WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F953N ATD-GAIN=15 ,CLOCKS=YES 3 1.0 S POS TARG 0., 0. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 MU-CAS WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F953N ATD-GAIN=15 ,CLOCKS=YES 3 1.0 S POS TARG -0.659,-0.659 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 MU-CAS WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F953N ATD-GAIN=15 ,CLOCKS=YES 3 1.0 S POS TARG -0.318,-0.477 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 MU-CAS WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F953N ATD-GAIN=15 ,CLOCKS=YES 4 1.0 S POS TARG -0.568,-0.273 Comments: Here we take one extra exposure to use up the orbit ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 MU-CAS WFPC2 IMAGE PC1 F953N ATD-GAIN=15 ,CLOCKS=YES 4 1.0 S POS TARG -0.421,-0.375 Comments: Here we take one extra exposure to use up the orbit ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9332( 3) - 02/15/02 15:01 - [ 8] Visit: 04 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: ORIENT 269.0D TO 275.50D BETWEEN 06-Oct-2002 AND 19-Oct-2002 SCHED 40% On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 G107-70 FGS TRANS 1 F583W SCANS=14,STEP-SIZE=0.5 1 860 S POS TARG 0.0, 0.0 SEQ 10-150 NON-INT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 G107-70 FGS POS 1 F583W FES-TIME=0.4 1 15 S SAME POS AS 10 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 30 G107-69 FGS POS 1 F583W 1 5 S SAME POS AS 10 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 40 G107-70-REF FGS POS 1 F583W 1 5 S SAME POS AS 10 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 50 G107-70-REF FGS POS 1 F583W 1 5 S SAME POS AS 10 9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 60 G107-70-REF FGS POS 1 F583W 1 5 S SAME POS AS 10 6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 70 G107-69 FGS POS 1 F583W 1 5 S SAME POS AS 10 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 80 G107-70 FGS POS 1 F583W FES-TIME=0.4 1 15 S SAME POS AS 10 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 90 G107-70-REF FGS POS 1 F583W 1 5 S SAME POS AS 10 4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 100 G107-70-REF FGS POS 1 F583W 1 5 S SAME POS AS 10 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 110 G107-70-REF FGS POS 1 F583W 1 5 S SAME POS AS 10 7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 120 G107-70 FGS POS 1 F583W FES-TIME=0.4 1 15 S SAME POS AS 10 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 130 G107-69 FGS POS 1 F583W 1 5 S SAME POS AS 10 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 140 G107-70-REF FGS POS 1 F583W 1 5 S SAME POS AS 10 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 150 G107-70-REF FGS POS 1 F583W 1 5 S SAME POS AS 10 6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9332( 3) - 02/15/02 15:01 - [ 9] Visit: 05 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: ORIENT 95.0D TO 103.1D BETWEEN 01-Apr-2003 AND 14-Apr-2003 SCHED 40% On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Old ORIENT was 89.0D TO 95.0D. Changed 2/15/02 based on Ed Nelan examination of field. Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 G107-70 FGS TRANS 1 F583W SCANS=14,STEP-SIZE=0.5 1 860 S POS TARG 0.0, 0.0 SEQ 10-150 NON-INT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 G107-70 FGS POS 1 F583W FES-TIME=0.4 1 15 S SAME POS AS 10 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 30 G107-69 FGS POS 1 F583W 1 5 S SAME POS AS 10 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 40 G107-70-REF FGS POS 1 F583W 1 5 S SAME POS AS 10 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 50 G107-70-REF FGS POS 1 F583W 1 5 S SAME POS AS 10 9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 60 G107-70-REF FGS POS 1 F583W 1 5 S SAME POS AS 10 6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 70 G107-69 FGS POS 1 F583W 1 5 S SAME POS AS 10 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 80 G107-70 FGS POS 1 F583W FES-TIME=0.4 1 15 S SAME POS AS 10 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 90 G107-70-REF FGS POS 1 F583W 1 5 S SAME POS AS 10 4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 100 G107-70-REF FGS POS 1 F583W 1 5 S SAME POS AS 10 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 110 G107-70-REF FGS POS 1 F583W 1 5 S SAME POS AS 10 7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 120 G107-70 FGS POS 1 F583W FES-TIME=0.4 1 15 S SAME POS AS 10 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 130 G107-69 FGS POS 1 F583W 1 5 S SAME POS AS 10 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 140 G107-70-REF FGS POS 1 F583W 1 5 S SAME POS AS 10 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 150 G107-70-REF FGS POS 1 F583W 1 5 S SAME POS AS 10 6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9332( 3) - 02/15/02 15:01 - [ 10] Summary Form for Proposal 9332 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures PC1 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations WFPC2 FGS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes IMAGE TRANS POS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters ATD-GAIN=15 CLOCKS=YES STEP-SIZE=0.5 FES-TIME=0.4 SCANS=14 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal Category GO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements BETWEEN 15-Oct-2002 AND 15-Nov-2002 ORIENT 297D TO 327D POS TARG 0., 0. SAME POS AS 10 EXPAND POS TARG -0.659,-0.659 SAME POS AS 30 EXPAND POS TARG -0.421,-0.375 SAME POS AS 50 POS TARG -0.318,-0.477 SAME POS AS 70 EXPAND POS TARG -0.568,-0.273 SAME POS AS 90 EXPAND MAX DUR 240 S ORIENT 200D TO 234D BETWEEN 10-Jul-2002 AND 20-Aug-2002 SCHED 60% ORIENT 15D TO 48D BETWEEN 10-Jan-2003 AND 20-Feb-2003 SCHED 60% ORIENT 269.0D TO 275.50D BETWEEN 06-Oct-2002 AND 19-Oct-2002 SCHED 40% POS TARG 0.0, 0.0 SEQ 10-150 NON-INT SAME POS AS 10 ORIENT 95.0D TO 103.1D BETWEEN 01-Apr-2003 AND 14-Apr-2003 SCHED 40% ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F218W F953N F583W ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names PROCYON MU-CAS G107-70 G107-69 G107-70-REF2 G107-70-REF9 G107-70-REF6 G107-70-REF4 G107-70-REF3 G107-70-REF7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------