9465( 5) - 01/31/03 16:23 - [ 1] PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID: 9465 Version: 5 Check-in Date: 31-Jan-2003 16:22:12 1.Proposal Title: The Cosmic Carbon Budget ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Proposal For 3. Cycle GO 11 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4. Investigators Contact? PI: Ulysses Sofia Whitman College CoI: Prof. David Meyer Northwestern University N CoI: Prof. James Lauroesch Northwestern University N CoI: Mr. Stefan Cartledge Northwestern University N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Abstract Gaseous carbon drives the chemistry of, and is an important coolant in interstellar clouds. In solid form, carbon is the second most abundant element in interstellar dust, the key element contributing to interstellar extinction, and the dominant heat source in some interstellar clouds. Given the fundamental importance of this element to interstellar cloud physics, it is surprising that only 8 measurements of gas- phase carbon abundances exist for neutral clouds; 7 are in diffuse clouds where the least amount of chemistry and dust incorporation are expected. The single measurement in a translucent cloud suggests a C abundance that differs from the diffuse clouds, but the measurement uncertainties make this difference statistically insignificant. We, therefore, have no information about carbon's behavior in translucent clouds, regions dense enough for chemistry and dust growth to be important but low enough extinction so that UV spectroscopy is possible (unlike for molecular clouds). We propose to measure total gas-phase C abundances in 6 translucent clouds with our principal scientific goals being to 1) accurately determine the fraction of carbon in the gas and dust phases in environments bridging the gap between diffuse and molecular clouds 2) determine the relative depletions of C and O in neutral clouds with known O-depletion enhancements and 3) explore how the interstellar gas-phase C/H is related to extinction variations. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9465( 5) - 01/31/03 16:23 - [ 2] Observations Description ------------------------ begintabularccccccccc Star &Spectral & V & E(B--V) & log N(H I) & Exposure & S/N &Orbits , & Type & & & (cm^-2) & Time (s) & & , HD27778 & B3 V & 6.36 & 0.38 & 21.30 & 10100 & 190 & 4 , HD37021 & B0 V & 7.96 & 0.24 & 21.68 & 9800 & 210 & 4 , HD37061 & B0.5 V & 6.83 & 0.47 & 21.78 & 9900 & 240 & 4 , HD147888& B3 V & 6.74 & 0.52 & 21.70 & 10400 &140& 4 , HD152590& O7.5 V & 8.48 & 0.39 & 21.26 & 10500 & 190 & 4, HD207198 & O9 II & 5.96 & 0.59 & 21.34 & 8700 & 175 & 4 , endtabular vspace.2in Our goal is to obtain high-resolution STIS echelle observations of the interstellar C ii Lambda2325 absorption in the sightlines listed above. The C ii observations will be obtained with the E230H grating of STIS centered at 2263Angstrom, and should produce spectra with S/N values of 140 to 240 in the region of the C ii (The Table above shows the approximate S/N at wavelengths near the center of the observed spectral region). The absorption features will be detectable at the 6Sigma level (i.e. a +/-0.07 dex column density uncertainty) or better based on estimated strengths (see section 2), although C depletion enhancements greater than the O enhancements could lower these detection levels. The exposure times were calculated by inputing the measured IUE fluxes of each star into the STIS Spectroscopic Exposure Time Calculator selecting the 0.2*0.09 aperture for the observations. According to the Calculator, none of the setups on our targets violate the MAMA bright object count rate limits. In calculating the number of orbits needed to complete our proposed observations of each star, we have allowed for all of the necessary acquisition and exposure overheads based on previous Cycle 8 STIS Phase II experience. The supporting observations of the C i, CO, and Kr i absorption in these sightlines have been obtained in our Cycle 8 programs (GO8273, PI David M. Meyer; SNAP8241 PI James T. Lauroesch). Real Time Justification ----------------------- None None Calibration Justification ------------------------- Additional Comments ------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9465( 5) - 01/31/03 16:23 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 HD27778 STAR, B3-B5 V-IV RA=4H 23M 59.76S +/- .002", J2000 V = 6.36 DEC=24D 18' 3.7" +/- .002" B-V = 0.17 TYPE=B3V E(B-V) = 0.38 Coordinate Source: HIPPARCOS/TYCHO_CATALOGUE Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) 1991.25 0.0003320 -0.01297 0.0 2 HD37021 STAR, B0-B2 V-IV RA=5H 35M 16.11S +/- .01", DEC=- J2000 V = 7.96 5D 23' 6.9" +/- .01" B-V = 0.24 TYPE=B0V E(B-V) = 0.24 Coordinate Source: HIPPARCOS/TYCHO_CATALOGUE Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) 1991.25 -0.000062 0.00013 0.0 3 HD37061 STAR, B0-B2 V-IV RA=5H 35M 31.36S +/- .001", J2000 V = 6.83 DEC=-5D 16' 2.6" +/- .001" B-V = 0.18 TYPE=B0.5V E(B-V) = 0.47 Coordinate Source: HIPPARCOS/TYCHO_CATALOGUE Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) 1991.25 0.000118 0.00166 0.0 4 HD147888 STAR, B3-B5 V-IV RA=16H 25M 24.29S +/- .003", J2000 V = 6.74 DEC=-23D 27' 36.6" +/- .001" B-V = 0.32 TYPE=B3V E(B-V) = 0.52 Coordinate Source: HIPPARCOS/TYCHO_CATALOGUE Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) 1991.25 -0.000625 -0.02076 0.0 5 HD152590 STAR, MAIN SEQUENCE O RA=16H 56M 5.22S +/- .01S, DEC=- J2000 V = 8.48 40D 20' 57.6" +/- .01" B-V = 0.07 TYPE=O7.5V E(B-V) = 0.39 Coordinate Source: HIPPARCOS/TYCHO_CATALOGUE Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) 1991.25 0.0 0.0 0.0 6 HD207198 STAR, SUPERGIANT O RA=21H 44M 53.28S +/- .001", J2000 V = 5.96 DEC=62D 27' 38.1" +/- .001" B-V = 0.31 TYPE=O9II E(B-V) = 0.59 Coordinate Source: HIPPARCOS/TYCHO_CATALOGUE Epoch of Position RA proper motion (seconds of time/yr) DEC Proper Motion (arcsec/yr) Annual Parallax (arcsec) 1991.25 -0.000430 -0.00280 0.0 9465( 5) - 01/31/03 16:23 - [ 4] Visit: 01 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 HD27778 STIS/C ACQ F28X50O MIRROR 1 0.1 S CD II ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11 HD27778 STIS/C ACQ/PEA 0.2X0.0 MIRROR 1 0.1 S CD K 5ND ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12 HD27778 STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E230H 2263 2 859.0 S UV-MAM FPA A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13 HD27778 STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E230H 2263 2 1300.0 UV-MAM FPB S A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14 HD27778 STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E230H 2263 2 1300.0 UV-MAM FPC S A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 15 HD27778 STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E230H 2263 2 1300.0 UV-MAM FPD S A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9465( 5) - 01/31/03 16:23 - [ 5] Visit: 02 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 HD37021 STIS/C ACQ F28X50O MIRROR 1 0.1 S CD II ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 21 HD37021 STIS/C ACQ/PEA 0.2X0.0 MIRROR 1 0.4 S CD K 5ND ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 22 HD37021 STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.0 E230H 2263 2 851.5 S UV-MAM 9 A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 23 HD37021 STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.0 E230H 2263 2 1327.0 UV-MAM 9 S A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 24 HD37021 STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.0 E230H 2313 2 1207.0 UV-MAM 9 S A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 25 HD37021 STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.0 E230H 2363 2 1207.0 UV-MAM 9 S A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9465( 5) - 01/31/03 16:23 - [ 6] Visit: 03 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 30 HD37061 STIS/C ACQ F28X50O MIRROR 1 0.1 S CD II ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 31 HD37061 STIS/C ACQ/PEA 0.2X0.0 MIRROR 1 0.2 S CD K 5ND ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 32 HD37061 STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E230H 2263 2 854.0 S UV-MAM FPA A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 33 HD37061 STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E230H 2263 2 1297.0 UV-MAM FPB S A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 34 HD37061 STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E230H 2263 2 1297.0 UV-MAM FPC S A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 35 HD37061 STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E230H 2263 2 1297.0 UV-MAM FPD S A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9465( 5) - 01/31/03 16:23 - [ 7] Visit: 04 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 40 HD147888 STIS/C ACQ F28X50O MIRROR 1 0.1 S CD II ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 41 HD147888 STIS/C ACQ/PEA 0.2X0.0 MIRROR 1 0.2 S CD K 5ND ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 42 HD147888 STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E230H 2263 2 858.0 S UV-MAM FPA A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 43 HD147888 STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E230H 2263 2 1300.0 UV-MAM FPB S A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 44 HD147888 STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E230H 2263 2 1300.0 UV-MAM FPC S A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 45 HD147888 STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E230H 2263 2 1300.0 UV-MAM FPD S A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9465( 5) - 01/31/03 16:23 - [ 8] Visit: 05 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 50 HD152590 STIS/C ACQ F28X50O MIRROR 1 0.1 S CD II ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 51 HD152590 STIS/C ACQ/PEA 0.2X0.0 MIRROR 1 0.8 S CD K 5ND ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 52 HD152590 STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E230H 2263 2 905.5 S UV-MAM FPA A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 53 HD152590 STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E230H 2263 2 1358.0 UV-MAM FPB S A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 54 HD152590 STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E230H 2263 2 1358.0 UV-MAM FPC S A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 55 HD152590 STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.2 E230H 2263 2 1358.0 UV-MAM FPD S A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9465( 5) - 01/31/03 16:23 - [ 9] Visit: 06 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 60 HD207198 STIS/C ACQ F28X50O MIRROR 1 0.1 S CD II ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 61 HD207198 STIS/C ACQ/PEA 0.2X0.0 MIRROR 1 0.1 S CD K 5ND ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 62 HD207198 STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.0 E230H 2263 2 951.0 S UV-MAM 9 A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 63 HD207198 STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.0 E230H 2263 2 1430.0 UV-MAM 9 S A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 64 HD207198 STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.0 E230H 2263 2 1430.0 UV-MAM 9 S A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 65 HD207198 STIS/N ACCUM 0.2X0.0 E230H 2263 2 1430.0 UV-MAM 9 S A ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9465( 5) - 01/31/03 16:23 - [ 10] Summary Form for Proposal 9465 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures F28X50OII 0.2X0.05ND 0.2X0.2FPA 0.2X0.2FPB 0.2X0.2FPC 0.2X0.2FPD 0.2X0.09 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations STIS/CCD STIS/NUV-MAMA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACQ ACQ/PEAK ACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal Category GO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements MIRROR E230H ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names HD27778 HD37021 HD37061 HD147888 HD152590 HD207198 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Wavelengths 2263 2313 2363 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------