9733( 15) - 06/29/04 07:15 - [ 1] PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID: 9733 Version: 15 Check-in Date: 29-Jun-2004 11:13:10 1.Proposal Title: Direct imaging of the progenitors of massive, core-collapse supernovae ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Proposal For 3. Cycle 4. Parallel Pointing Tolerance GO 12 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Investigators Contact? PI: Dr. Stephen J. Smartt University of Cambridge CoI: Mr. Justyn R. Maund University of Cambridge N CoI: Prof. Gerard F. Gilmore University of Cambridge N CoI: Dr. Chris A. Tout University of Cambridge N CoI: Mr. Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz University of Cambridge N CoI: Prof. Peter Meikle Imperial College of Science Technology and N Medicine ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. Abstract Modern supernovae searches in the nearby Universe are discovering large numbers of SNe which have massive star progenitors (Types II, Ib and Ic). The extensive HST (and ground-based) image archives of galaxies within ~20Mpc enables their individual bright stellar content to be resolved. As massive, evolved stars are the most luminous single objects in a galaxy, the progenitors of core-collapse SNe should be directly detectable on pre-explosion images. Within the last two cycles we have set direct mass-limits on three type II-P supernovae using HST images, and already these can be used to constrain theoretical models of pre-supernova stellar evolution which predict which stars cause which of the supernovae types. We request time to continue this successful project, and require ACS observations of future SNe which are discovered in galaxies closer than 20Mpc which have pre-explosion HST archive images available. These ToO observations will allow the SNe to be precisely positioned on the pre-explosion frames with the required astrometric accuracy of around 0.05", and allow 3-colour photometry of the surrounding stellar populations for reddening estimations. The goal of this project is to directly identify the progenitor stars of core-collapse supernovae. We will compare the progenitor detections or luminosity limits to our own stellar evolutionary tracks in order to determine masses or restrictive mass-limits for the progenitors. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9733( 15) - 06/29/04 07:15 - [ 2] Observations Description ------------------------ We expect to trigger this non-urgent ToO programme between 1-4 times in Cycle 12. The aim is to find progenitor stars of nearby supernovae. When a nearby SN is discovered in a galaxy at a distance of less than ~20Mpc, and if the SN position falls on the FOV of an HST archive image, then we will trigger this ToO. We require imaging of the supernova in 3 filters with ACS in order to carry out accurate differential astrometry of the SN using the fainter background stars. We will also use the deep 3-colour photometry to estimate the reddening towards the surrounding stellar populations. If the SN is bright enough that it may saturate in our CR split exposures of these background stars then we will do a shorter exposure in one filter to alleviate the problem. The exact choice of filters will be chosen after the SN is discovered and will depend on what the archive images have used. We will choose our filter combination to best match these. Real Time Justification ----------------------- As outlined above, this is a ToO programme as we do not yet know the exact targets. But we do not need rapid turn around, indeed it will be better for us to wait a few weeks until the SN fades somewhat to do the observations. We can inform STScI at least 1 month in advance of when we would like the observations, and the time of execution is very flexible. Calibration Justification ------------------------- Additional Comments ------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9733( 15) - 06/29/04 07:15 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Fixed Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Target |Coord | Radial | Flux data No | Name | Description | Position |Eqnx | Vel. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 SN2003GD EXT-STAR, SUPERNOVA RA=01H36M42.65S +/- 0.5", J2000 V = V = 14.2+/-0.01 TYPE II DEC=+15D44'19.9" +/- 0.5" 657.0 B = 15.5+/-0.02 Coordinate Source: Other_Source: IAUC8152 Comments: 2003gd is a fading SN of type II-P. These magnitudes monitored are - Date B V I 20030623 15.5 14.2 13.2 20030703 15.8 14.5 6 SN2003GM EXT-STAR, SUPERNOVA RA=13H52M51.72S +/- 0.5", DEC=- J2000 V = 19.0 TYPE II 01D06'39.2" +/- 0.5" Coordinate Source: Other_Source: IAUC8164 7 SN2004A EXT-STAR, SUPERNOVA RA=16H43M1.9S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = 20.0 TYPE II DEC=+36D50'12.5" +/- 0.1" B~21.5 I~19 Coordinate Source: Other_Source: SIMBAD 8 SN2004CC EXT-STAR, SUPERNOVA RA=12H36M34.4S +/- 0.1", J2000 V = 20.0 TYPE IB DEC=+11D14'32.8" +/- 0.1" B~21 I~19.3 Coordinate Source: Other_Source: SIMBAD 9733( 15) - 06/29/04 07:15 - [ 4] TARGET LIST Generic Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Tar| Target | Target | Selection Criteria | Flux data No | Name | Description | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 SN2003-4ZY EXT-STAR, SUPERNOVA V = 15.0+/-1.0 Comments: On hold as a ToO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 SN2003-4ZZ EXT-STAR, SUPERNOVA V = 15.0+/-1.0 Comments: On hold as a ToO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9733( 15) - 06/29/04 07:15 - [ 5] Visit: 01 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: PCS MODE FINE BEFORE 04-OCT-2003:00:00:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SN2003GD ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC-FIX F435W CR-SPLIT=2,GAIN=4,SIZEAXIS2=FULL 1 300 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SN2003GD ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC-FIX F435W CR-SPLIT=2,GAIN=4,SIZEAXIS2=FULL 1 2200 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 SN2003GD ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC-FIX F555W CR-SPLIT=2,GAIN=4,SIZEAXIS2=FULL 1 100 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 SN2003GD ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC-FIX F555W CR-SPLIT=2,GAIN=4,SIZEAXIS2=FULL 1 1000 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 SN2003GD ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC-FIX F814W CR-SPLIT=2,GAIN=4,SIZEAXIS2=FULL 1 1350 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Visit Id| Exp Id |Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit Num |Duration | |Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 01 1 none none none 1 1 tbd 01 1 none none none 2 1 tbd 01 2 none none none 1 1 tbd 01 2 none none none 2 1 tbd 01 3 none none none 1 2 tbd 01 3 none none none 2 2 tbd 01 4 none none none 1 2 tbd 01 4 none none none 2 2 tbd 01 5 none none none 1 2 tbd 01 5 none none none 2 2 tbd 9733( 15) - 06/29/04 07:15 - [ 6] Visit: 02 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: PCS MODE FINE; SCHED 30%; On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SN2003GM ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC-FIX F555W 1 1750 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SN2003GM ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC-FIX F435W 1 1600 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 SN2003GM ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC-FIX F814W 1 1930 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Visit Id| Exp Id |Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit Num |Duration | |Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 02 1 none none none 1 1 tbd 02 1 none none none 2 1 tbd 02 2 none none none 1 1 tbd 02 2 none none none 2 2 tbd 02 3 none none none 1 2 tbd 02 3 none none none 2 2 tbd 9733( 15) - 06/29/04 07:15 - [ 7] Visit: 03 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: PCS MODE FINE; SCHED 30%; AFTER 30-AUG-2004:00:00:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Have requested the SN positioned at WFC1 - but would also like a parallel WFC2 observation if possible. Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SN2004A ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F435W CR-SPLIT=2 1 1400 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SN2004A ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F555W CR-SPLIT=4 1 1520 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 SN2004A ACS/WFC ACCUM WFC1 F814W CR-SPLIT=4 1 1360 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Visit Id| Exp Id |Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit Num |Duration | |Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 03 1 none none none 1 1 tbd 03 1 none none none 2 1 tbd 03 2 none none none 1 1 395.0 03 2 none none none 2 1 395.0 03 2 none none none 3 2 359.0 03 2 none none none 4 2 360.0 03 3 none none none 1 2 tbd 03 3 none none none 2 2 tbd 03 3 none none none 3 2 tbd 03 3 none none none 4 2 tbd 9733( 15) - 06/29/04 07:15 - [ 8] Visit: 04 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: PCS MODE FINE; SCHED 30%; AFTER 30-AUG-2004:00:00:00 On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exp | Target | Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Num | Name | Config | Mode | or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 SN2004CC ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F435W CR-SPLIT=3 1 1995 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 SN2004CC ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F555W CR-SPLIT=3 1 1500 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 SN2004CC ACS/HRC ACCUM HRC F814W CR-SPLIT=3 1 1605 S ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sub Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Visit Id| Exp Id |Primary |Secondary |Iteration |CR-SPLIT |Orbit Num |Duration | |Pattern Pos |Pattern Pos |Num |Num | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 04 1 none none none 1 1 tbd 04 1 none none none 2 1 tbd 04 1 none none none 3 1 tbd 04 2 none none none 1 1 tbd 04 2 none none none 2 2 tbd 04 2 none none none 3 2 tbd 04 3 none none none 1 2 tbd 04 3 none none none 2 2 tbd 04 3 none none none 3 2 tbd 9733( 15) - 06/29/04 07:15 - [ 9] Summary Form for Proposal 9733 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures HRC-FIX WFC1 HRC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations ACS/HRC ACS/WFC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes ACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters CR-SPLIT=2 GAIN=4 SIZEAXIS2=FULL CR-SPLIT=4 CR-SPLIT=3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal Category GO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Special Requirements PCS MODE FINE BEFORE 04-OCT-2003 00 00 00 PCS MODE FINE; SCHED 30%; PCS MODE FINE; SCHED 30%; AFTER 30-AUG-2004 00 00 00 PCS MODE FINE; SCHED 30%; AFTER 30-AUG-2004 00 00 00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F435W F555W F814W ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names SN2003GD SN2003GM SN2004A SN2004CC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------