9904( 3) - 05/19/03 07:57 - [ 1] PROPOSAL FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS ST ScI Use Only ID: 9904 Version: 3 Check-in Date: 19-May-2003 07:55:34 1.Proposal Title: Lightning on the Jovian Dayside ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. Proposal For 3. Cycle GO 12 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4. Investigators Contact? PI: Dr. William B. Sparks Space Telescope Science Institute CoI: Dr. Keith S. Noll Space Telescope Science Institute N CoI: Mr. William Borucki NASA Ames Research Center N CoI: Dr. Melissa A. McGrath Space Telescope Science Institute N CoI: Prof. Holland Ford The Johns Hopkins University N CoI: Dr. Ulyana Dyudina California Institute of Technology N CoI: Prof. John J. Caldwell York University N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. Abstract The presence of lightning on Jupiter has been known for many years. It represents an important diagnostic of atmospheric characteristics below the visible cloud tops, within the water layer at a pressure ~5 bar or more. Lightning on Jupiter is thought to be associated with convective water clouds, as on Earth, at cyclonic wind shear interfaces. Dayside detection, which would enable "routine" access to this important phenomenon, has never previously been achieved. Here, we propose an innovative use of the NICMOS MULTIACCUM rapid non-destructive readout capability, together with the very high spatial resolution afforded by NIC2 (0.075 arcsec/pixel, 250 km at Jupiter) to maximize our ability to detect and characterize Jovian lightning on the dayside of the planet. We propose two complementary observations: one to use the narrow filter centered on Paschen Alpha and the other, to use a medium band continuum filter that avoids methane absorption. By comparing these two passbands we expect to not only detect dayside lightning for the first time, but also obtain the first data on the spectrum of Jovian lightning at implicitly high spectral resolution (the F187N filter has 1% bandpass, which also further improves the contrast against reflected Solar light). This will allow us to test laboratory analogues and models for the Jovian lightning and assess in a preliminary way the region of parameter space of relevance (pressure, temperature, composition). ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9904( 3) - 05/19/03 07:57 - [ 2] Observations Description ------------------------ We will perform as many 0.203sec NICMOS SCAMRR exposures with filters F165M and F187W as possible in the one orbit of observing time awarded. We will use blind pointing to acquire Jupiter. We target latitude 49 degrees N, at the central meridian. Real Time Justification ----------------------- Calibration Justification ------------------------- Additional Comments ------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9904( 3) - 05/19/03 07:57 - [ 3] TARGET LIST Solar System Targets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET NUMBER: 1 | TARGET NAME: JUPITER-N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET DESCRIPTION: PLANET PLANET JUPITER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 1 | TARGET POSITION LEVEL 2 | STD=JUPITER | TYPE=TORUS,LONG=0.0,LAT=49.0,RAD=71400.0 | ,POLE_LAT=90.0 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ TARGET POSITION LEVEL 3 | WINDOWS | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ DATA | COMMENTS | SURF(V) = 5.65 | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9904( 3) - 05/19/03 07:57 - [ 4] Visit: 01 Visit Priority: Visit Requirements: On Hold Comments: Additional Comments: Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F165M CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187N CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F165M CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187N CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F165M CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187N CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F165M CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187N CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F165M CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187N CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F165M CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187N CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F165M CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9904( 3) - 05/19/03 07:57 - [ 5] Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187N CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 15 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F165M CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187N CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 17 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F165M CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 18 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187N CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 19 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F165M CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187N CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 21 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F165M CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 22 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187N CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 23 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F165M CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 24 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187N CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 25 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F165M CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 26 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187N CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 27 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F165M CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 28 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187N CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 29 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F165M CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9904( 3) - 05/19/03 07:57 - [ 6] Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 30 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187N CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 31 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F165M CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 32 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187N CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 33 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F165M CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 34 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187N CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 35 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F165M CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 36 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187N CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 37 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F165M CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 38 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187N CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 39 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F165M CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 40 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187N CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 41 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F165M CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 42 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187N CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 43 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F165M CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 44 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187N CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 45 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F165M CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9904( 3) - 05/19/03 07:57 - [ 7] Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 46 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187N CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 47 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F165M CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 48 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187N CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 49 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F165M CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 50 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187N CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 51 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F165M CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 52 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187N CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 53 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F165M CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 54 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187N CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 55 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F165M CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 56 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187N CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 57 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F165M CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 58 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187N CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 59 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F165M CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 60 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187N CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 61 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F165M CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9904( 3) - 05/19/03 07:57 - [ 8] Exposures ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure| Target |Instr | Oper. | Aper |Spectral|Central| Optional |Num| Time | Special Number | Name |Config| Mode |or FOV |Element |Waveln.| Parameters |Exp| | Requirements ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 62 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F187N CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 63 JUPITER-N NIC2 MULTIAC NIC2 F165M CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF,SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR, 1 DEF CUM NSAMP=9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9904( 3) - 05/19/03 07:57 - [ 9] Summary Form for Proposal 9904 Item Used in this proposal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Apertures NIC2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Configurations NIC2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Opmodes MULTIACCUM ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Optional Parameters CAMERA-FOCUS=DEF SAMP-SEQ=SCAMRR NSAMP=9 NSAMP=20 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposal Category GO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Spectral Elements F165M F187N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Target Names JUPITER-N ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------