% CAL97.STY -- Ripped off of SHST2 with minor revisions.
% SHST2.STY -- Style file for Science with the Hubble Space
% Telescope -- II.  Adapted with minor revisions from PASPCONF.STY.

\clubpenalty 100000
\widowpenalty 100000

\def\revtex@ver{1.5}		% Version number of this file.
\def\revtex@date{14 May 93}	% Revision date.
\def\revtex@org{PASP}		% Sponsoring organization.
\def\revtex@jnl{}		% Applicable journal, if specific.
\def\revtex@genre{conference proceedings}	% Document "type".

\typeout{\revtex@org\space
    \ifx\revtex@jnl\@empty\else\revtex@jnl\space\fi
    \revtex@genre\space substyle, v\revtex@ver\space <\revtex@date>.}

\def\revtex@pageid{\xdef\@thefnmark{\null}
    \@footnotetext{This \revtex@genre\space was prepared with the
    \revtex@org\space \revtex@jnl\space Rev\TeX\ macros v\revtex@ver.}}


%  ****************************************
%  *            PAGE LAYOUT               *
%  ****************************************

\ifnum\@ptsize<1
    \typeout{Warning: Undersize manuscript font (1\@ptsize\space pts).
	Use 11pt documentstyle option.}
\fi

% Set up titlepage and myheadings page styles so that author names and
% short title info can be used in running heads in final copy.  The
% object of the exercise to enable us to produce all the final pages
% with proper heads and folios by adding two commands to the preamble
% of each paper:
%
%    \markboth{AUTHORS}{ABBREV TITLE}
%    \setcounter{page}{N}

% PASP conference series title page style.

\def\ps@paspcstitle{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
    \def\@oddhead{\null{\footnotesize\it\@slug}\hfil}
    \def\@oddfoot{\rm\hfil\thepage\hfil}
    \let\@evenhead\@oddhead\let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot
}

\def\ps@myheadings{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
\def\@oddhead{\hbox{}\hfil\sl\rightmark\hskip 1in\hbox{\vrule depth \headdepth 
width\z@\rm\thepage}}%
\def\@oddfoot{}%
\def\@evenhead{\hbox{\vrule depth \headdepth width\z@\rm\thepage}\hskip 
1in\sl\leftmark\hfil\hbox{}}%
\def\@evenfoot{}\def\sectionmark##1{}\def\subsectionmark##1{}}

\def\@leftmark#1#2{\sec@upcase{#1}}
\def\@rightmark#1#2{\sec@upcase{#2}}

%\def\posterpaper{\@input{poster.sty}}

% Page size, spacing parameters, etc.

\textwidth=6.00in
\textheight=9.0in
%\headheight=18pt
\headheight=26pt
\headsep=18pt
\footskip=.25in
%\oddsidemargin=0.50in
%\evensidemargin=0.00in
%\topmargin=0in
\oddsidemargin=0.375in		% these compensate for offset on page
\evensidemargin=-0.125in	%   "
\topmargin=-0.358in		%   "
%\headsep=0.375in		% move header line higher
\headsep=0.152in		% move header line higher
\parindent=2em
\parskip=.1ex
\newdimen\headdepth \headdepth\headheight \advance\headdepth by -3.5pt

% The following gives "reasonable" ragged right results.

%\@rightskip=0pt plus 1.8em\rightskip\@rightskip

% Define parameters to use when we want to adjust the baselineskip.
% These are passed as the scale factor argument to \baselinestretch.

\def\@singleleading{0.9}
\def\@doubleleading{1.6}

% Single-space by default.  Observe that you double-space in LaTeX by
% resetting \baselinestretch, which is essentially a scale factor for
% \baselineskip (= leading, for you typographophiles).  We take the
% \@singleleading factor, defined above.

\def\baselinestretch{\@singleleading}

% The \tightenlines command merely resets the \baselinestretch to a
% smaller factor, resulting in single-column text that is more closely
% spaced.  (This will always work.)  Tightening the vertical spacing
% in the text results in output that is more attractive for distribution
% to colleagues who are primarily interested in reading the paper, as
% opposed to copy editing it.

\def\tightenlines{\def\baselinestretch{\@singleleading}}
\def\loosenlines{\def\baselinestretch{\@doubleleading}}

%  ****************************************
%  *              SLUG LINE               *
%  ****************************************

% These things need to be merged more intelligently from the AASTeX markup.
% I'll have to do this at a time when I'm more lucid; I'm having a little
% trouble this evening figuring out how to assign some of these categories
% when we're dealing with a *book* in a series.  For now, set what's obvious.

\def\@journalname{ }
\def\cpr@holder{Space Telescope Science Institute}

% These next two are internal, normally set by other macros.

\def\@jourvol{ }
\def\cpr@year{1997}

% I think we have to make these two up for books...

\def\vol@title{1997 HST Calibration Workshop}
\def\vol@author{S.\ Casertano, et al., eds.}

% These are more or less irrelevant for PASP conference proceedings.

\let\journalid=\@gobbletwo
\let\articleid=\@gobbletwo
\let\received=\@gobble
\let\accepted=\@gobble

% There is a bit of citation and copyright data on the title page of each
% article in the volume.  The next macro defines the formatting of this
% block of information.  It is placed in the head of the title page in
% the definition of the "titlepage" pagestyle, below.

\def\@slug{{\tabcolsep\z@\begin{tabular}[t]{l}\vol@title\\
%   \@journalname, Vol.\ \@jourvol, \cpr@year\\
    \cpr@holder, \cpr@year\\
    \vol@author
    \end{tabular}}
}

% Title and author identification is by way of standard LaTeX commands
% \title and \author, although the macros themselves are rather different.
% The information is typeset by these macros in this style, rather than
% being buffered as per regular LaTeX.  The authors' principal affiliation
% is specified with a separate macro \affil.  Each \author command should
% be followed by its own \affil (or address).
%
% Authors often have affiliations above and beyond their main employer,
% and these are specified with the \altaffilmark and \altaffiltext commands.
% These commands behave like the \footnotemark and \footnotetext commands
% of LaTeX.  \altaffilmark is appended to author's names in the \author
% lists, and generates the superscript identification numbers.
% The text for the individual alternate affiliations is generated by the
% \altaffiltext command.  It is up to the author to make sure that the
% \altaffilmark numbers attached to authors' names correspond to the correct
% alternate affiliation.
%
%     \title{LUCID TEXT}
%     \author{NAME(S)}
%     \affil{ADDRESS}
%     \altaffilmark{TAG NUMBER(S)}
%     \altaffiltext{NUMERICAL TAG}{TEXT}
%
% The typesetting performed by these commands is appropriate for the top of
% the first text page of the manuscript.  They could as well be used on a
% title cover page, but vertical placement would have to be controlled by
% the author.   This is not to be encouraged, since we want to discourage
% the introduction of any extra horizontal or vertical space.
%
% The APS apparently does not use a separate cover sheet for the Physical
% Review.  Rather, the title, author, affiliation, and abstract appear on
% the first page, with the editorial staff adding the \received and
% \accepted commands as appropriate; the dates would appear on the first
% page beneath the abstract after they have been filled in.  This is a
% nice approach.

\def\paspconf@frontindent{.45in}

\def\title#1{\vspace*{1.0\baselineskip}
    \@tempdima\textwidth \advance\@tempdima by-\paspconf@frontindent
    \hfill%\leftskip\paspconf@frontindent
    \parbox{\@tempdima}
	{\pretolerance=10000\raggedright\large\bf\sec@upcase{#1}}\par
    \vspace*{1\baselineskip}\thispagestyle{title}}
\def\author#1{\vspace*{1\baselineskip}
    \@tempdima\textwidth \advance\@tempdima by-\paspconf@frontindent
    \hfill%\leftskip\paspconf@frontindent
    \parbox{\@tempdima}
        {\pretolerance=10000\raggedright{#1}}\par}
\def\affil#1{\vspace*{.5\baselineskip}
    \@tempdima\textwidth \advance\@tempdima by-\paspconf@frontindent
    \hfill%\leftskip\paspconf@frontindent
    \parbox{\@tempdima}
        {\pretolerance=10000\raggedright{\it #1}}\par}
\def\altaffilmark#1{$^{#1}$}
\def\altaffiltext#1#2{\footnotetext[#1]{#2}}

\def\abstract{\vspace*{1.3\baselineskip}\bgroup\leftskip\paspconf@frontindent
    \noindent{\bf\sec@upcase{Abstract.}}\hskip 1em}
\def\endabstract{\par\egroup\vspace*{1.4\baselineskip}}

%  ****************************************
%  *          FOOTNOTE HACKS              *
%  ****************************************

% The following code redefines a few things so that spacing in footnotes is
% different than LaTeX defaults.  The adjustment to \skip\footins increases
% the amount of vspace inserted before the \footnoterule.  We redefine
% \@makefntext to remove hspace and indentation.

\skip\footins 4ex plus 1ex minus .5ex
\footnotesep 3ex

\long\def\@makefntext#1{\noindent\hbox to\z@{\hss$^{\@thefnmark}$}#1}

%  ****************************************
%  *         TABLES AND FIGURES           *
%  ****************************************

% Additions and adjustments for tables and figures.
%
% Footnotes for tables are to be identified with lower case alphabetics,
% rather than numeric.  We provide \tablenotemark and \tablenotetext
% commands analogous to \footnotemark and \footnotetext, but with the
% identifier *required*, like \altaffilmark and \altaffiltext.  The
% \tablenotetext must be specified before the \end{table}, since
% \end{table} displays it.
%
%     \tablenotemark{TAG LETTER(S)}
%     \tablenotetext{ALPHA TAG}{TEXT}
%
% Note that TAG LETTER == ALPHA TAG for corresponding text.  It is the
% responsibility of the author to get the correspondence correct.
%
% The table footnotes are coupled to the table in which they occur, rather
% than being associated with a particular page, and they are printed with
% the table (relatively close to the caption) instead of appearing at the
% extreme bottom of the page.  This is done to ensure that the notes wind
% up on the same page as the table, since tables are floats and can migrate
% from one page to another.  There is the additional benefit that the notes
% are unambiguously attached to the proper table, which is what is required
% in the event that the editorial requirement of one table only per page
% is ever changed to permit several tables per page.
%
% Footnotes are NOT supported for figures.

\def\tablenotemark#1{\rlap{$^{#1}$}}

% The \tablenotemark command buffers the table note text and the "proper"
% tablenote formatting information in a token buffer.  The tablenotes are
% dispensed into the vertical page list by \spewtablenotes, which is
% executed by \end{table}.  Note that certain "global" tablenote formatting
% details are handled by \spewtablenotes, which also clears the tblnote list.
% Praise and honor are due to Kresten Krab Thorup (krab@iesd.auc.dk) for
% posting ftn.sty to the Usenet, from which I drew the technique.

\def\tablenotetext#1#2{
    \@temptokena={\vspace{.5ex}{\noindent\llap{$^{#1}$}#2}\par}
    \@temptokenb=\expandafter{\tblnote@list}
    \xdef\tblnote@list{\the\@temptokenb\the\@temptokena}}

\def\spewtablenotes{
  \ifx\tblnote@list\@empty
  \else
    \let\@temptokena=\tblnote@list
    \gdef\tblnote@list{\@empty}
    \vspace{4.5ex}
    \footnoterule
    \vspace{.5ex}
    {\footnotesize\@temptokena}
  \fi}

\newtoks\@temptokenb
\def\tblnote@list{}

\def\endtable{\spewtablenotes\end@float}
\@namedef{endtable*}{\spewtablenotes\end@dblfloat}

% We add a \tableline command for use in tabular environments.  This command
% produces the horizontal rule(s) between the column headings and the body
% of the table.  Authors are discouraged from using any \hlines themselves,
% and are typically forbidden from using vertical rules by editors.

\let\tableline=\hline

% Figure and table identifiers.

\def\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
\def\fnum@figure{Figure \thefigure.}

\def\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
\def\fnum@table{Table \thetable.}

\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{
    \vskip 10pt 
    \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1\hskip 1.5em #2}
    \let\@tempdima=\hsize \advance\@tempdima by -2em
    \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\@tempdima % IF longer than one line:
	{\leftskip 2em
	#1\hskip 1.5em #2\par}     %   THEN set as ordinary paragraph.
    \else                          %   ELSE set one-liner.
	\hbox to\hsize{\hskip 2em\box\@tempboxa\hfil}  
    \fi}

% Figure and table float positions.

\def\fps@figure{tbp}
\def\fps@table{htbp}

%  ****************************************
%  *             SECTIONS                 *
%  ****************************************

% Permit \keywords declaration, but eat the contents.

\let\keywords=\@gobble
\let\subjectheadings=\@gobble

% Don't number subsubsections.

\setcounter{secnumdepth}{2}

\def\upper{\def\sec@upcase##1{\uppercase{##1}}}
\def\sec@upcase#1{\relax#1}

\def\section{\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@}{-4.2ex plus -1ex minus
    -.2ex}{2.2ex plus .2ex}{\normalsize\bf}}
\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}{-2.2ex plus -1ex minus
    -.2ex}{1.1ex plus .2ex}{\normalsize\bf}}

% Third-level head options.  The first one causes the third-level section
% text to start a new paragraph (after a vskip); the second option makes
% the text run-in after the heading.  The last argument in both commands
% specifies the typography of the heading itself, which is italic.  If you
% want to see what they look like in bold, change the \it to \bf.

%\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}{-2.2ex plus
    %-1ex minus -.2ex}{0.3ex plus .2ex}{\normalsize\it}}

\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}{-2.2ex plus
    -1ex minus -.2ex}{-1.2em}{\normalsize\it}}

% Define section numbers without punctuation, so that cross references
% to a section do not have the extraneous punctuation appearing in the
% middle of a sentence.  The punctuation to be used after the number in
% a section heading is given explicitly.  

% \def\thesection{\@arabic\c@section.}
% \def\thesubsection{\thesection\@arabic\c@subsection.}
% \def\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection\@arabic\c@subsubsection.}

\def\thesection{\@arabic\c@section}
\def\sectionpunct{.}
\def\thesubsection{\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}
\def\subsectionpunct{.}
\def\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}
\def\subsubsectionpunct{.}


% When you want underlining and uppercasing in section heads, you have to
% get deep enough into the macros so that you have access to the actual
% string, because you're making changes to the text the author has provided.
% LaTeX's preferred mechanism (using \@startsection) assumes you will not
% want to do stuff like that, hence to enforce those things we must revise
% the \@sect definition.

% Furthermore, a slight modification to the sectioning command \@sect is
% required to insert the punctuation.

\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{\ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
     \def\@svsec{}\else 
     \refstepcounter{#1}\edef\@svsec{\csname the#1\endcsname
      \csname #1punct\endcsname\hskip 1em }\fi
     \@tempskipa #5\relax
      \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@ 
        \begingroup #6\relax
          \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}{\interlinepenalty \@M 
\sec@upcase{#8}\par}%
        \endgroup
       \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}\addcontentsline
         {toc}{#1}{\ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
                      \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}\fi
                    #7}\else
        \def\@svsechd{#6\hskip #3\@svsec #8\csname #1mark\endcsname
                      {#7}\addcontentsline
                           {toc}{#1}{\ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
                             \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}\fi
                       #7}}\fi
     \@xsect{#5}}

\def\@ssect#1#2#3#4#5{\@tempskipa #3\relax
   \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
     \begingroup #4\@hangfrom{\hskip #1}{\interlinepenalty \@M 
\sec@upcase{#5}\par}\endgroup
   \else \def\@svsechd{#4\hskip #1\relax #5}\fi
    \@xsect{#3}}

\def\acknowledgments{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{1em}
    {1ex plus .5ex minus .5ex}{-1em}{\bf}{\sec@upcase{Acknowledgments.}}}
%\def\acknowledgments{\vspace*{1\baselineskip}
    %\noindent{\bf\sec@upcase{Acknowledgments.}}\hskip 1em}
%\def\acknowledgments{\section{Acknowledgments}}
\let\acknowledgements=\acknowledgments			% second spelling

% Until this file gets re-arranged a bit, I will put the question and
% answer environments here.  It is the practice sometimes to include
% synopses of pithy exchanges between members of the audience and the
% presentor of an oral paper.  For this purpose, we have these environments.
%
%    \begin{question}{INQUIRER}
%    \end{question}
%
%    \begin{answer}{ANSWERER}
%    \end{answer}

\def\qanda@heading{Discussion}

\newif\if@firstquestion \@firstquestiontrue

\newenvironment{question}[1]{\if@firstquestion%
    \section*{\qanda@heading}\global\@firstquestionfalse\fi%
    \par\vskip 1ex%
    \noindent{\it#1\/}:}{\par}

\newenvironment{answer}[1]{\par\vskip 1ex
    \noindent{\it#1\/}:}{\par}

%  ****************************************
%  *            EQUATIONS                 *
%  ****************************************

% Sometimes people want to number equations by section, rather than
% sequentially through the whole paper.

\def\mathwithsecnums{
    \@newctr{equation}[section]
    \def\theequation{\hbox{\normalsize\arabic{section}-\arabic{equation}}}}

%  ****************************************
%  *          BIBLIOGRAPHY                *
%  ****************************************

% Bibliography/references environment.  For the time being, we will not
% force an implementation based on BibTeX, although we will prepare for
% that eventuality by using the constructs and general ideas of the LaTeX
% thebibliography environment.  Adjustments have been made so that the
% \cite-\bibitem mechanism can be used to cite references symbolically
% while maintaining proper citation syntax within the paper; the author
% must create the citation label for each reference in proper ApJ format
% in the \bibitem command.
%
%    \begin{thebibliography}
%    \bibitem[LABEL]{TEXTTAG} \reference <bibliographic data>
%    \end{thebibliography}
%
% where LABEL must adhere to ApJ standards, e.g. "Abt 1986".
%
% It is not necessary to use the thebibliography environment.  We define
% also a references environment that simply sets off the list of references
% and adjusts spacing parameters.  It is not possible to use \bibitems
% within the references environment.  (The \reference command cannot be
% shortened to \ref; \ref is used in vanilla LaTeX for cross-referencing.)
%
%    \begin{references}
%    \reference <bibliographic data>
%    \end{references}
%
% Observe that the bibliographic data supplied by the author must also
% conform to the standards of the journal.  We have elected not to burden
% authors with tedious LaTeX commands which would require many curly braces
% to delimit the bibliographic fields because many of the journals we have
% targeted in this project have agreed to reduce typographic overhead (bolding,
% italicizing, etc.) in reference lists.  (See Helmut's editorial in ApJ 357.)
% It is the responsibility of the author to get these fields in the proper
% order with the correct punctuation; the information will be typeset as is,
% i.e., in roman with no size or style changes.
%
% We do provide macros for many of the oft-referenced journals so that authors
% may use the LaTeX names rather than having to look up a particular journal's
% specific abbreviation.  In principle, all the journals should be using the
% same abbreviations, too, but we anticipate some changes in the specific
% abbreviations before a set is finally settled on.  As long as these macros
% are kept up to date, authors need not be concerned about such editorial
% changes.

\def\references{\section*{References}
    \bgroup\parindent=0pt\parskip=.5ex
    \def\refpar{\par\hangindent=3em\hangafter=1}}
\def\endreferences{\refpar\egroup} % \paspconf@pageid}

\def\thebibliography{\section*{References}
    \list{\null}{\leftmargin 3em\labelwidth 0pt\labelsep 0pt\itemindent -3em
    \usecounter{enumi}}
    \def\refpar{\relax}
    \def\newblock{\hskip .11em plus .33em minus .07em}
    \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000
    \sfcode`\.=1000\relax}
\def\endthebibliography{\endlist} % \paspconf@pageid}

\def\@biblabel#1{\relax}
%\def\@cite#1#2{({#1\if@tempswa , #2\fi})}
\def\@cite#1#2{#1\if@tempswa , #2\fi}

\def\reference{\relax\refpar}  % Generic: might be better...

% We modify \@citex so that individual citation texts are NOT hboxed.
% This allows TeX to break lines at spaces between words in citations.
% We have also removed the obnoxious {\bf ?} that was inserted in the
% text when undefined citations are encountered; here, only the warning
% message is printed on the terminal.

\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
  \def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
    {\@citea\def\@citea{,\penalty\@m\ }\@ifundefined
       {b@\@citeb}{\@warning
       {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}}}{#1}}

% Abbreviations for journals.  It is advisable to use the TeX control
% sequence and allow the keeper of the macros to make sure they expand
% to the proper text.  If macro package writers agree to all use the
% same TeX command name, authors only have to remember one thing, and
% the style file will take care of editorial preferences.  This is also
% the case when a single journal decides to revamp their abbreviating
% scheme, as has been happening with the ApJ (1990 et seq.).

\let\jnl@style=\rm
\def\ref@jnl#1{{\jnl@style#1\/}}

\def\aj{\ref@jnl{AJ}}			% Astronomical Journal
\def\araa{\ref@jnl{ARA\&A}}		% Annual Review of Astron and Astrophys
\def\apj{\ref@jnl{ApJ}}			% Astrophysical Journal
\def\apjl{\ref@jnl{ApJ}}		% Astrophysical Journal, Letters
\def\apjs{\ref@jnl{ApJS}}		% Astrophysical Journal, Supplement
\def\ao{\ref@jnl{Appl.Optics}}		% Applied Optics
\def\apss{\ref@jnl{Ap\&SS}}		% Astrophysics and Space Science
\def\aap{\ref@jnl{A\&A}}		% Astronomy and Astrophysics
\def\aapr{\ref@jnl{A\&A~Rev.}}		% Astronomy and Astrophysics Reviews
\def\aaps{\ref@jnl{A\&AS}}		% Astronomy and Astrophysics, Supplement
\def\azh{\ref@jnl{AZh}}			% Astronomicheskii Zhurnal
\def\baas{\ref@jnl{BAAS}}		% Bulletin of the AAS
\def\jrasc{\ref@jnl{JRASC}}		% Journal of the RAS of Canada
\def\memras{\ref@jnl{MmRAS}}		% Memoirs of the RAS
\def\mnras{\ref@jnl{MNRAS}}		% Monthly Notices of the RAS
\def\pra{\ref@jnl{Phys.Rev.A}}		% Physical Review A: General Physics
\def\prb{\ref@jnl{Phys.Rev.B}}		% Physical Review B: Solid State
\def\prc{\ref@jnl{Phys.Rev.C}}		% Physical Review C
\def\prd{\ref@jnl{Phys.Rev.D}}		% Physical Review D
\def\prl{\ref@jnl{Phys.Rev.Lett}}	% Physical Review Letters
\def\pasp{\ref@jnl{PASP}}		% Publications of the ASP
\def\pasj{\ref@jnl{PASJ}}		% Publications of the ASJ
\def\qjras{\ref@jnl{QJRAS}}		% Quarterly Journal of the RAS
\def\skytel{\ref@jnl{S\&T}}		% Sky and Telescope
\def\solphys{\ref@jnl{Solar~Phys.}}	% Solar Physics
\def\sovast{\ref@jnl{Soviet~Ast.}}	% Soviet Astronomy
\def\ssr{\ref@jnl{Space~Sci.Rev.}}	% Space Science Reviews
\def\zap{\ref@jnl{ZAp}}			% Zeitschrift fuer Astrophysik

\let\astap=\aap
\let\apjlett=\apjl
\let\apjsupp=\apjs

%  ****************************************
%  *            MISCELLANEOUS             *
%  ****************************************

% Handy little things everybody works out for themselves anyway.  Many
% of these come from Springer's A&A package, and some were contributed
% by Francois Schweizer at DTM.  You can go berserk making these up,
% especially when you start getting into the composite ones.  We have
% tried to select a tractable number that were useful, and somewhat
% difficult to get right because fussy kerning or some such is required.
% Most can be used in or out of math mode with impunity; \la and \ga
% are relations and can only be used in math mode.

\def\deg{\hbox{$^\circ$}}
\def\sun{\hbox{$\odot$}}
\def\earth{\hbox{$\oplus$}}
\def\la{\mathrel{\hbox{\rlap{\hbox{\lower4pt\hbox{$\sim$}}}\hbox{$<$}}}}
\def\ga{\mathrel{\hbox{\rlap{\hbox{\lower4pt\hbox{$\sim$}}}\hbox{$>$}}}}
\def\sq{\hbox{\rlap{$\sqcap$}$\sqcup$}}
\def\arcmin{\hbox{$^\prime$}}
\def\arcsec{\hbox{$^{\prime\prime}$}}
\def\fd{\hbox{$.\!\!^{\rm d}$}}
\def\fh{\hbox{$.\!\!^{\rm h}$}}
\def\fm{\hbox{$.\!\!^{\rm m}$}}
\def\fs{\hbox{$.\!\!^{\rm s}$}}
\def\fdg{\hbox{$.\!\!^\circ$}}
\def\farcm{\hbox{$.\mkern-4mu^\prime$}}
\def\farcs{\hbox{$.\!\!^{\prime\prime}$}}
\def\fp{\hbox{$.\!\!^{\scriptscriptstyle\rm p}$}}
\def\micron{\hbox{$\mu$m}}

\def\onehalf{\hbox{$\,^1\!/_2$}}	% Common fractions with solidus
\def\onethird{\hbox{$\,^1\!/_3$}}
\def\twothirds{\hbox{$\,^2\!/_3$}}
\def\onequarter{\hbox{$\,^1\!/_4$}}
\def\threequarters{\hbox{$\,^3\!/_4$}}

\def\ubvr{\hbox{$U\!BV\!R$}}		% UBVR system
\def\ub{\hbox{$U\!-\!B$}}		% U-B
\def\bv{\hbox{$B\!-\!V$}}		% B-V
\def\vr{\hbox{$V\!-\!R$}}		% V-R
\def\ur{\hbox{$U\!-\!R$}}		% U-R

% This is a generalization of the \LaTeX definition that comes in LaTeX.
% The change here ensures that LaTeX will be typeset in the current style,
% rather than always in roman.

\newcount\lecurrentfam
\def\LaTeX{\lecurrentfam=\the\fam \leavevmode L\raise.42ex
        \hbox{$\fam\lecurrentfam\scriptstyle\kern-.3em A$}\kern-.15em\TeX}

%  ****************************************
%  *           EPS INCLUSIONS             *
%  ****************************************

% Graphics should be included using the psfig macros.
% From the psfig macro:
% usage: \psfig{file=, figure=, height=, width=,
%                       bbllx=, bblly=, bburx=, bbury=,
%                       rheight=, rwidth=, clip=, angle=, silent=}
%       "file" is the filename.  If no path name is specified and the
%               file is not found in the current directory,
%               it will be looked for in directory \psfigurepath.
%       "figure" is a synonym for "file".
%       By default, the width and height of the figure are taken from
%               the BoundingBox of the figure.
%       If "width" is specified, the figure is scaled so that it has
%               the specified width.  Its height changes proportionately.
%       If "height" is specified, the figure is scaled so that it has
%               the specified height.  Its width changes proportionately.
%       If both "width" and "height" are specified, the figure is scaled
%               anamorphically.
%       "bbllx", "bblly", "bburx", and "bbury" control the PostScript
%               BoundingBox.  If these four values are specified
%               *before* the "file" option, the PSFIG will not try to
%               open the PostScript file.
%       "rheight" and "rwidth" are the reserved height and width
%               of the figure, i.e., how big TeX actually thinks
%               the figure is.  They default to "width" and "height".
%       The "clip" option ensures that no portion of the figure will
%               appear outside its BoundingBox.  "clip=" is a switch and
%               takes no value, but the `=' must be present.
%       The "angle" option specifies the angle of rotation (degrees, ccw).
%       The "silent" option makes \psfig work silently.
%
% Here are a couple quick examples:
%   Include a graphic at full size:
%      \psfig{file=graphic.ps}
%   Include a graphic, scaling it to fit within the text margins:
%      \psfig{file=graphic.ps,width=\textwidth}
%   Include a graphic, rotating it 90 degrees:
%      \psfig{file=graphic.ps,angle=90}


%  ****************************************
%  *            INITIALIZATION            *
%  ****************************************

% Permit typesetter to toggle between "author" and "final" styles.

\newif\if@finalstyle \@finalstyletrue

\if@finalstyle
  \ps@myheadings		% Use running heads defined by auths/eds.
  \let\ps@title=\ps@paspcstitle	% Include colophon on title page.
\else
  \ps@plain			% Use "plain" pagestyle by default.
  \let\ps@title=\ps@plain	% Title page should always use drop folio.
\fi

\ds@twoside

\let\aindex=\@gobble